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Biomechanical analysis of the "running" vs. "conventional" diagonal stride uphill techniques as performed by elite cross-country skiers

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第1期11卷 30-39页

作者： Barbara Pellegrini Chiara Zoppirolli federico Stella Lorenzo Bortolan Hans-Christer Holmberg federico Schena CeRiSM(Research Centre of Mountain Sport and Health) University of VeronaRovereto 38068Italy Department of Neuroscience Biomedicine and MovementUniversity of VeronaVerona 37129Italy Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre Department of Health SciencesMid Sweden UniversityÖstersund 83125Sweden School of Kinesiology University of British ColumbiaVancouver BC V6T 1Z1Canada Biomechanics Laboratory Beijing Sport UniversityBeijing 100084China

Purpose:This study aimed to compare biomechanical aspects of a novel"running"diagonal stride(DSRUN)with"conventional"diagonal stride(DSCONV)skiing techniques performed at high ***:Ten elite Italian male junior cross-country skiers skied on a treadmill at 10 km/h and at a 10°incline utilizing both variants of the diagonal stride *** 3-dimensional kinematics of the body,poles,and roller skis;the force exerted through the poles and foot plantar surfaces;and the angular motion of the leg joints were ***:Compared to DSCONV,DSRUN demonstrated shorter cycle times(1.05±0.05 s vs.0.75±0.03 s(mean±SD),p<0.001)due to a shorter rolling phase(0.40±0.04 s vs.0.09±0.04 s,p<0.001);greater force applied perpendicularly to the roller skis when they had stopped rolling forward(413±190 N vs.890±170 N,p<0.001),with peak force being attained earlier;prolonged knee extension,with a greater range of motion during the roller ski-stop phase(28°±40 vs.16°±3°,p=0.00014);and more pronounced hip and knee flexion during most of the forward leg *** mechanical work performed against friction during rolling was significantly less with DSRUN than with DSCONV(0.04±0.01 J/m/kg vs.0.10±0.02 J/m/kg,p<0.001).Conclusion:Our findings demonstrate that DSRUN is characterize by more rapid propulsion,earlier leg extension,and a greater range of motion of knee joint extension than DSCONV-Further investigations,preferably on snow,should reveal whether DSRUN results in higher acceleration and/or higher peak speed.

关键词： Classical skiing Kinetics Roller skiing

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New application of open source data and Rock Engineering System for debris flow susceptibility analysis

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第12期18卷 3200-3217页

作者： Sabrina BONETTO Pietro MOSCA federico VAGNON Davide VIANELLO Department of Earth Science University of TorinoTorino 10125Italy Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources National Research Council(CNR)Torino 10125Italy

This research describes a quantitative,rapid,and low-cost methodology for debris flow susceptibility evaluation at the basin scale using open-access data and *** proposed approach can aid decision makers in land management and territorial planning,by first screening for areas with a higher debris flow *** environmental predisposing factors,namely,bedrock lithology,fracture network,quaternary deposits,slope inclination,and hydrographic network,were selected as independent parameters and their mutual interactions were described and quantified using the Rock Engineering System(RES)*** each parameter,specific indexes were proposed,aiming to provide a final synthetic and representative index of debris flow susceptibility at the basin *** methodology was tested in four basins located in the Upper Susa Valley(NW Italian Alps)where debris flow events are the predominant natural *** proposed matrix can represent a useful standardized tool,universally applicable,since it is independent of type and characteristic of the basin.

关键词： Debris flow Interaction matrix Rock Engineering System(RES) Susceptibility analysis Open source data Debris flow predisposing factors

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The relationships between selected soil properties and caesium-137 identify organic carbon,nitrogen and water soluble phenols as indicators of soil erosion processes in different forest stands

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第6期32卷 2589-2598页

作者： federico Romeo Paolo Porto Carmelo Mallamaci Adele Muscolo Department of Agriculture Mediterranea UniversityFeo di Vito89122Reggio CalabriaItaly

In the last few decades,the use of environmental radionuclides,particularly caesium-137(^(137)Cs),represented one of the most valid methods for estimating soil ***,the cost associated with the use of the equipment needed for radiometric analyses is still high and,for this reason,finding more easily measurable indicators can be *** is a strong correlation between^(137)Cs,organic carbon(OC),nitrogen(N)and water soluble phenols(WSP)exists,indicating the latter parameters as possible early indicators of soil *** on the above assumptions,the main purpose of this work is to identify specific soil chemical parameters able to indicate early triggering of soil ***,several soil parameters such as pH,electric conductivity(EC),WSP,OC,N and C/N have been evaluated against^(137)Cs and on a comparative *** addition,since the rate of soil erosion depends on the degree of coverage and canopy structure,two different tree species(Pinus nigra laricio *** Fagus sylvatica L.)have been considered in this contribution in which ten different scenarios of forest management have been *** results show that the reduction in tree cover of managed sites triggers erosion and nutrient loss *** has been observed that the loss of^(137)Cs,compared to the control areas,is closely correlated with those of WSP,OC and *** parameters(WSP,OC and N),more easily assessable,can be a valid tool to understand easily,triggering of erosive phenomena.

关键词： ^(137)Cs Erosion indicators Forest thinning Beech forest Pine forest

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Assessing immunocompetence in red palm weevil adult and immature stages in response to bacterial challenge and entomopathogenic nematode infection

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Insect Science 2020年第5期27卷 1031-1042页

作者： federico Cappa Giulia Torrini Giuseppe Mazza Alberto Francesco Inghilesi Claudia Benvenuti Leonardo Viliani Pio federico Roversi Rita Cervo Department of Biology University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly CREA Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification FlorenceItaly

Parasites and pathogens can follow different patterns of infection depending on the host developmental stage or *** fact,immune function is energetically costly for hosts and trade-offs exist between immune defenses and life history traits as growth,de-velopment and reproduction and organisms should thus optimize immune defense through their life cycle according to their developmental *** the most susceptible target and the most virulent pathogen is particularly important in the case of insect pests,in order to develop effective control strategies targeting the most vulnerable individuals with the most effective control ***,we carried out laboratory tests to identify the most susceptible target of infection by infecting different stages of the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus(larvae,pupae,male,and female adults)with both a generic pathogen,antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli XL1-Blue,and two specific strains of entomopathogenic nematodes(EPNs),Steinernema carpocapsae ItS-CAO1 and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora *** evaluating bacterial clearance,host mortality and parasite progeny release,we demonstrate that larvae are more resistant than adults to bacterial challenge and they release less EPNs progeny after infection despite a higher mortality compared to *** the two EPN strains,*** was more virulent than *** both in terms of host mortality and more abundant progeny released by hosts after *** outcomes attained with unspecific and specific pathogens provide useful information for a more efficient and sustainable management of this invasive pest.

关键词： Escherichia coli Heterorhabditis bacteriophora immune response pathogens Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Steinernema carpocapsae

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Navigating the autophagic landscape:Epigenetic modulation in gastrointestinal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第31期30卷 3628-3634页

作者： Davide Ramoni federico Carbone Fabrizio Montecucco Department of Internal Medicine University of GenoaGenoa 16132Italy Department of Internal Medicine University of Genoa and IRCSS Policlinico San MartinoGenoa 16132Italy

This editorial comments on the manuscript by Chang et al,focusing on the still elusive interplay between epigenetic regulation and autophagy in gastrointestinal diseases,particularly ***,essential for cellular homeostasis,exhibits diverse functions ranging from cell survival to death,and is particularly implicated in physiological gastrointestinal cell ***,its role in pathological backgrounds remains intricate and *** underscore the dual nature of autophagy in cancer,where its early suppressive effects in early stages are juxtaposed with its later promotion,contributing to *** discrepancy is attributed to the dysregulation of autophagy-related genes and their intricate involvement in cellular *** modifications and regulations of gene expression,including non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs),emerge as critical players in exerting regulatory control over autophagy flux,influencing treatment responses and tumor *** epigenetic mechanisms and improving strategies involving the inhibition or induction of autophagy through pharmacological or genetic means present potential avenues to sensitize tumor cells to ***,nanocarrier-based delivery of ncRNAs offers innovative therapeutic *** the intricate interaction between autophagy and ncRNA regula-tion opens avenues for the development of targeted therapies,thereby improving the prognosis of gastrointestinal malignancies with poor outcomes.

关键词： Epigenetic regulation Autophagy Gastrointestinal cancer Non-coding RNAs Target therapies

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Sequencing of systemic treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma: Second line competitors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第16期26卷 1888-1900页

作者： federico Pinero Marcelo Silva Massimo Iavarone Hospital Universitario Austral Facultad de Ciencias BiomédicasUniversidad AustralBuenos Aires B1629HJArgentina Latin American Liver Research Educational and Awareness Network Buenos Aires B1629HJArgentina Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology CRC“A.M.e A.Migliavacca”Center for the Study of Liver DiseaseUniversity of MilanFondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Maggiore HospitalMilan 20121Italy

During the last decades,further knowledge of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)molecular mechanisms has led to development of effective systemic treatments including tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs)and *** this review,we describe first and second line systemic treatment options for advanced *** trials have evaluated new drugs for the treatment of HCC patients:In first line,lenvatinib resulted non-inferior to sorafenib and it can be used as alternative,even in the lack of evidence for sequential treatment options in second line after ***,atezolizumab plus bevacizumab have shown superiority over sorafenib in ***-regorafenib sequential administration in selected patients has opened a new paradigm of treatment in advanced HCC with a life expectancy exceeding two *** TKIs for second line treatment include cabozantinib and ramucirumab(specifically for patients with Alpha-fetoprotein values≥400 ng/mL).The combination of TKIs with immunotherapy may represent a big step forward for these patients in the near future.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Systemic Options Sequencing Advanced Future

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Morphological responses of three persistent native anuran species after forest conversion into monoculture pine plantations:tolerance or prosperity?

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第5期15卷 428-440页

作者： Elena GANGENOVA Mariano IGIOMBINI Gustavo AZURITA federico MARANGONI Instituto de Biología Subtropical Universidad Nacional de Misiones–CONICETPuerto IguazúMisionesArgentina Facultad de Ciencias Forestales Universidad Nacional de MisionesEldoradoMisionesArgentina Departamento de Biología Facultad de Ciencias ExactasNaturales y AgrimensuraUniversidad Nacional del Nordeste(UNNE)CorrientesArgentina

Species loss by habitat replacement operating as an ecological filter is a well-known consequence of modern human activities. In contrast, the ecological and evolutionary response of species overcoming those filters in convertedhabitats has not been thoroughly explored. Species that persist are subject to novel and potentially stressful conditions that may induce certain morphological changes. We evaluated changes in the functional morphology of threeanuran species persisting after the conversion of areas of the Atlantic Forest into pine plantations. We specificallyevaluated differences in body size and body condition indices, head width, and hind legs’ length between adultindividuals from both habitats and sexes. Habitat conversion and sexual dimorphism affected the morphology ofthe three anurans, with varying effects upon species and traits. Regarding the effect of habitat conversion, Elachistocleis bicolor increased body condition in plantations with no changes in the other traits, Physalaemus cuvierishowed only a marginal increment in residual body mass in plantations, and Odontophrynus americanus exhibiteda substantial increment in body size while maintaining its body condition in plantations. Remarkably, none of theresults suggested these persistent anurans were stressed by forest conversion. This study shows that habitat conversion may induce intraspecific morphological changes in ecologically relevant traits of persistent species, andthat disturbed areas do not necessarily imply stressful, low quality habitats affecting all persistent native speciesnegatively.

关键词： amphibian Atlantic forest body condition functional morphology habitat replacement phenotypic plasticity

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The genomes of Taxus species unveil novel candidates in the biosynthesis of taxoids

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Molecular Plant 2021年第11期14卷 1773-1775页

作者： Youjun Zhang federico Scossa Alisdair R.Fernie Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology 4000 PlovdivBulgaria Max-Planck-lnstitut fur Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Am Muhlenberg 114476 Potsdam-GolmGermany Research Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics(CREA-GB) Via Ardeatina 54600178 RomeItaly

Taxaceae is the yew family of conifers and includes evergreen trees and small shrubs mainly distributed in Eurasia and North *** genus of Taxus has attracted considerable attention since Monroe *** and Mansukh *** firstly isolated and characterized an unusual cyclic diterpenoid from the bark of the Pacific yew tree(Wani et al.,1971).This compound,subsequently called paclitaxel,was shown to promote tubulin assembly into microtubules,preventing their ***,paclitaxel was approved for medical use against ovarian cancer in 1992(Fischer and Ganellin,2010).

关键词： unusual Monro compound

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GenoDrawing:An Autoencoder Framework for Image Prediction from SNP Markers

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第4期5卷 816-824页

作者： federico Jurado-Ruiz David Rousseau Juan A.Botía Maria José Aranzana Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics(CRAG) 08193 BarcelonaCerdanyolaSpain Universitéd'Angers LARISINRAe UMR IRHS49000 AngersFrance Department of Information and Communication Engineering University of Murcia30071 MurciaSpain IRTA(Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries) BarcelonaSpain

Advancements in genome sequencing have facilitated whole-genome characterization of numerous plant species,providing an abundance of genotypic data for genomic *** selection and neural networks(NNs),particularly deep learning,have been developed to predict complex traits from dense genotypic ***,an NN model to extract features from images in an unsupervised manner,has proven to be useful for plant *** study introduces an autoencoder framework,GenoDrawing,for predicting and retrieving apple images from a low-depth single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array,potentially useful in predicting traits that are difficult to *** demonstrates proficiency in its task using a small dataset of shape-related *** indicate that the use of SNPs associated with visual traits has substantial impact on the generated images,consistent with biological *** using substantial SNPs is crucial,incorporating additional,unrelated SNPs results in performance degradation for simple NN architectures that cannot easily identify the most important *** proposed GenoDrawing method is a practical framework for exploring genomic prediction in fruit tree phenotyping,particularly beneficial for small to medium breeding companies to predict economically substantial heritable *** GenoDrawing has limitations,it sets the groundwork for future research in image prediction from genomic *** studies should focus on using stronger models for image reproduction,SNP information extraction,and dataset balance in terms of phenotypes for more precise outcomes.

关键词： Auto Drawing prediction

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ExtSpecR:An R Package and Tool for Extracting Tree Spectra from UAV-Based Remote Sensing

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第4期5卷 893-904页

作者： Zhuo Liu Mahmoud AI-Sarayreh Cong Xu federico Tomasetto Yanjie Li State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Research Institute of Subtropical ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryHangzhouZhejiang 311400China Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province Research Institute of Subtropical ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryHangzhouZhejiang 311400China Department of Computer Engineering German Jordanian UniversityAmman 11180Jordan School of Forestry University of CanterburyPrivate Bag 4800Christchurch 8140New Zealand AgResearch Ltd. Christchurch 8140New Zealand

The development of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)remote sensing has been increasingly applied in forestry for high-throughput and rapid acquisition of tree phenomics traits for various research ***,the detection of individual trees and the extraction of their spectral data remain a challenge,often requiring manual *** several software-based solutions have been developed,they are far from being widely *** paper presents ExtSpecR,an open-source tool for spectral extraction of a single tree in forestry with an easy-to-use interactive web *** reduces the time required for single tree detection and annotation and simplifies the entire process of spectral and spatial feature extraction from UAV-based *** addition,ExtSpecR provides several functionalities with interactive dashboards that allow users to maximize the quality of information extracted from UAV *** can promote the practical use of UAV remote sensing data among forest ecology and tree breeding researchers and help them to further understand the relationships between tree growth and its physiological traits.

关键词： interactive Remote Tool

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