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Descriptive and Comparative Histology of the Urinary System of the Hematophagous Bats Desmodus rotundus and Diphylla ecaudata

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第7期14卷 180-191页

作者： María Guadalupe Ramírez-Muñoz Samantha Jardon-Xicotencatl José Ignacio Olave-Leyva Armando Zepeda-bastida Juan Ocampo-López Histology and Histopathology Laboratory Academic Area Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics Academic Area Veterinary Biotechnology Institute of Agricultural Sciences Autonomous University of the Hidalgo State (UAEH) Tulancingo Mexico Multidisciplinary Research Unit L4 (Veterinary Morphology and Cell Biology) UNAM-FESC Campus 4 Cuautitln Izcalli Mexico Academic Area Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics Institute of Agricultural Sciences Autonomous University of the Hidalgo State (UAEH) Tulancingo Mexico Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory Academic Area Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics Institute of Agricultural Sciences Autonomous University of the Hidalgo State (UAEH) Tulancingo Mexico

Desmodus rotundus and Diphylla ecaudata, both of which are mammals of the order Chiroptera, Desmodontidae family, their diet consisting exclusively of blood. D. rotundus is the main vector and transmitter of the rabies virus, which affects human beings as well as several livestock species so the study of this bat species is of high importance within the fields of animal agriculture and public health. The present study describes and compares the histologic characteristics of the urinary system of two hematophagous bat species. A total of 5 bats from each species were captured in the municipalities of Progreso de Obregón, Hidalgo (D. rotundus), and Huayacocotla, Veracruz (D. ecaudata). Organs belonging to the urinary system were extracted: kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra;samples were fixed using 10% formalin and processed by the paraffin embedding technique, obtaining sections of 5 µm thickness, which in turn were stained using hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) and Gomori trichrome (GT) stains. From the obtained histologic preparations, a descriptive and comparative analysis of the structural organography of the urinary system of both species was made, and no noteworthy histological differences between samples were noted. The present research is intended to provide a framework for future studies of these species’ currently understudied microscopic anatomy.

关键词： Microscopic Anatomy Vampire Bats Kidneys Comparative Morphology

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塞纳河畔,遇见巴黎

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初中生 2024年第15期 4-13页

作者： fe Yun 不详

享有“浪漫之都”美誉的巴黎,城跨塞纳河两岸。河之北为右岸,河之南为左岸。塞纳河畔,古老建筑层出不穷.2024年7月26日到8月11日,第33届夏季奥林匹克运动会将在巴黎举行。这座位于法国北部的繁华之城,将向全世界一展塞纳河畔的无穷魅力。

关键词：浪漫之都塞纳河畔法国北部夏季奥林匹克运动会无穷魅力巴黎

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巴塞罗那:伊比利亚半岛上的明珠

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初中生 2024年第3期 4-13页

作者： fe Yun 不详

主题语境:人与社会——人文景观,文化习俗作为西班牙的第二大城市,巴塞罗那濒临地中海,位于伊比利亚半岛东北部天才建筑师高迪打造的梦幻世界,使这座城市变得光彩夺目;在诺坎普球场观看一场足球赛,令人赏心悦目;与众不同的作息方式,让... 详细信息

主题语境:人与社会——人文景观,文化习俗作为西班牙的第二大城市,巴塞罗那濒临地中海,位于伊比利亚半岛东北部天才建筑师高迪打造的梦幻世界,使这座城市变得光彩夺目;在诺坎普球场观看一场足球赛,令人赏心悦目;与众不同的作息方式,让民众放慢工作节奏,惬意享受生活。本期《大千世界》,我们一起走进气候宜人、风光旖旋的巴塞罗那。

关键词：伊比利亚半岛巴塞罗那文化习俗人文景观大城市梦幻世界足球赛主题语境

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随机薄片网络的单轴拉伸强度及缺口不敏感性

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中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学 2024年第5期54卷 253-268页

作者：张峰潘飞陈玉丽天目山实验室杭州310023 北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院北京100191 厦门双瑞风电科技有限公司厦门361000

由高强度高刚度薄片随机组装而成的片状网络材料具有独特的性能和广泛的应用.然而,网络具有显著的随机和离散特征,这些特征对材料的强度和韧性的影响机理还不明确.为此,本文系统研究了随机薄片网络材料在单轴拉伸载荷下的损伤失效演化过... 详细信息

由高强度高刚度薄片随机组装而成的片状网络材料具有独特的性能和广泛的应用.然而,网络具有显著的随机和离散特征,这些特征对材料的强度和韧性的影响机理还不明确.为此,本文系统研究了随机薄片网络材料在单轴拉伸载荷下的损伤失效演化过程,发现了该类材料强度的缺口不敏感性,并揭示了其机理.研究表明,由于网络材料自身的随机和离散特征,层间连接强弱不均且分布随机,因此在单轴拉伸过程中,损伤从弱连接处萌生,并在空间多点离散分布,最终逐渐汇聚成为主裂纹,使得网络呈现韧性断裂特征.正是由于初始损伤为多点分布形式且缺口尖端应力集中有限,导致了随机薄片网络的强度对缺口的不敏感,且与薄片和层间连接的韧性无关.

关键词：随机薄片网络强度韧性缺口敏感性

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Seismic response of selective pallet racks isolated with friction pendulum bearing system

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2022年第4期21卷 1069-1088页

作者： Bennet A.ipe Sajith A.S. Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology CalicutKozhikode 673601India

The concept of base isolation for storage racks is still a developing subject and has not been addressed in the recently updated seismic codes for storage *** friction pendulum bearing system(FPS)generates a natural period independent of the structure's seismic *** property makes FPS an ideal choice for isolating rack structures since merchandise may be placed on the racks in several possible *** results of a comprehensive parametric study aimed at evaluating the seismic performance of a four-shelf,two-bay selective pallet rack isolated with FPS is presented in this *** influence of radius of curvature of the FPS,seismic mass,and mass irregularity on the rack's seismic response is *** effect of variation of the coefficient of friction due to axial loading is studied by choosing friction values from two distinct friction characterization *** coefficient of friction calculated from these studies shows mild and significant variations,respectively,for the whole range of static axial loads expected on the isolator,and from different pallet mass arrangements *** optimum radius of curvature and the appropriate range of friction coefficient,for the defined range of static axial loads,to attain a desirable seismic performance are determined.

关键词： selective pallet racks base isolation friction pendulum bearing system cross-aisle direction

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平行叠落地铁区间施工地表沉降特征研究

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市政技术 2024年第1期42卷 147-153,224页

作者：王祐菁刘飞北京建筑大学土木与交通工程学院北京100044

北京某在建地铁区间暗挖段工程北侧为单跨双层拱顶直墙断面,采用PBA法施工;南侧为双洞叠落标准断面,上层采用CRD法施工,下层采用台阶法施工。因此,利用有限元软件进行数值模拟分析,研究了“先小后大”+“先下后上”、“先小后大”+“先... 详细信息

北京某在建地铁区间暗挖段工程北侧为单跨双层拱顶直墙断面,采用PBA法施工;南侧为双洞叠落标准断面,上层采用CRD法施工,下层采用台阶法施工。因此,利用有限元软件进行数值模拟分析,研究了“先小后大”+“先下后上”、“先小后大”+“先上后下”、“先大后小”+“先下后上”以及“先大后小”+“先上后下”4种不同施工顺序下,地铁区间施工对纵向地表沉降与横向地表沉降的影响。研究结果表明:在该工程中,采用“先大后小”+“先下后上”的施工顺序引起的地表沉降值最小。该研究成果可为同类型工程地表变形控制提供参考。

关键词：地铁区间平行叠落工序数值模拟地表沉降多工法

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大规模神经记录的峰电位聚类算法(特邀)

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计算机工程 2024年第6期50卷 1-34页

作者：徐明亮李芳媛马浩然何飞中国科学技术大学物理学院安徽合肥230026 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所上海201800 中国科学院大学北京100049 张江实验室上海201210

峰电位聚类是指在进行细胞外神经记录时,从神经电极记录中检测、聚类并确认出不同峰电位信号,并以一定的可靠度与假定的不同神经元对应。它是对细胞外神经记录进行预处理分析的基本步骤,也是神经科学中神经解码的首要步骤,更是当前高带... 详细信息

峰电位聚类是指在进行细胞外神经记录时,从神经电极记录中检测、聚类并确认出不同峰电位信号,并以一定的可靠度与假定的不同神经元对应。它是对细胞外神经记录进行预处理分析的基本步骤,也是神经科学中神经解码的首要步骤,更是当前高带宽脑机接口(BCI)的重要研究方向之一。传统峰电位聚类包括峰电位检测、峰电位对齐、特征提取、特征聚类等步骤。当前,随着神经电极数量和密度不断增加,神经记录的规模呈爆炸式增长,这对峰电位聚类算法的效率和精度提出重大挑战。此外,针对现有峰电位聚类算法特征提取和表征能力不强、信噪比低、信息混叠等问题,各种算法增强方案乃至人工智能和大数据峰电位聚类方案应运而生,极大促进了对大脑复杂原理和工作机制的理解。研究首先概述侵入式BCI、神经编解码与峰电位聚类的相关性,接着阐述了各类峰电位聚类算法的原理和一般过程,并探讨了大脑神经信号与具体行为的映射关系与应用,最后展望了未来神经编解码所面临的挑战和发展趋势。

关键词：峰电位聚类侵入式脑机接口神经编解码机器学习深度学习

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Abiotic and biotic drivers of struvite solubilization in contrasting soils

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Pedosphere 2023年第6期33卷 828-837页

作者： Antonio RUIZ-NAVARRO Manuel DELGADO-BAQUERIZO Concha CANO-DíAZ Carlos GARCíA fe.ipe.bastida Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(CEBAS-CSIC)Department of Soil and Water ConservationEspinardoMurcia E-30100Spain ICL Specialty fertilizers Iberia TotanaMurcia E-30850Spain Laboratorio de Biodiversidad y Funcionamiento Ecosistemico Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiologia de Sevilla(IRNAS)CSICAv.Reina Mercedes 10Sevilla E-41012Spain IRNAS-CSIC Unidad Asociada Universidad Pablo de OlavideUniversidad Pablo de Olavide(UPO)Sevilla 41013Spain Centre for Research and Development in Agrifood Systems and Sustainability(CISAS) Instituto Politecnico de Viana do Castelo(IPVC)Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial Nun'Alvares 34Viana do Castelo 4900-347Portugal

Phosphorus(P) limitation in the coming decades calls for the utilization of alternative fertilizers in agriculture. Struvite is a promising P source, but its potential role as a fertilizer is dependent on different physical, chemical, and biological properties, which are very heterogeneous in soil, complicating the prediction of the best soil conditions for its application. Here, we evaluated the solubility of struvite in soil, its redistribution into P fractions, and its potential abiotic and biotic drivers in 62 globally distributed soils with contrasting properties through an incubation assay. We found that after 40 d, about 35% of struvite P was redistributed into soil fractions more accessible to plants and microbes. Phosphorus redistribution from struvite was driven by a complex suite of soil physical, chemical, and microbial properties as well as environmental factors that varied across soils. Soil texture played a critical role in determining the redistribution of P in struvite-amended soils in soluble(H2O extraction), labile(NaHCO3 extraction), and moderately labile(NaOH extraction) *** addition, the soil solution cation concentration was one of the most important drivers of available struvite-derived P fractions. The great importance of texture and cations in determining struvite-derived P fractions in soil was contrasted with the relatively minor role of pH. At the microbial level, the number of bacterial operational taxonomic units(OTUs) from the unfertilized soils that correlated with struvite-derived P fractions was higher than that of fungi. The number of OTUs that correlated with the struvite-derived soluble P fraction was dominated by fungi, whereas the number of OTUs that correlated with the struvite-derived labile P fraction was dominated by bacteria. Overall, this study provided a predictive framework for the potential use of struvite as a P fertilizer in contrasting soils.

关键词： bacteria fungi environmental factor operational taxonomic unit phosphorus fertilizer phosphorus fraction phosphorus solubilization soil fertility soil property

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Ulcerative colitis in smokers,non-smokers and ex-smokers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第22期17卷 2740-2747,2747页

作者： Guillermo bastida Belén Beltrán Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Universitari i Politecnic Centro de Investigaciones Biomedicas en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas 46009 Valencia Spain

Smoking is a major environmental factor that interferes in the establishment and clinical course of ulcerative colitis (UC). Firstly, the risk of smoking status impact in the development of UC is reviewed, showing that current smoking has a protective association with UC. Similarly, being a former smoker is associated with an increased risk of UC. The concept that smoking could have a role in determining the inflammatory bowel disease phenotype is also discussed. Gender may also be considered, as current smoking delays disease onset in men but not in women. No clear conclusions can be driven from the studies trying to clarify whether childhood passive smoking or prenatal smoke exposure have an influence on the development of UC, mainly due to methodology flaws. The influence of smoking on disease course is the second aspect analysed. Some studies show a disease course more benign in smokers that in non-smokers, with lower hospitalizations rates, less flare-ups, lower use of oral steroids and even less risk of proximal extension. This is not verified by some other studies. Similarly, the rate of colectomy does not seem to be determined by the smoking status of the patient. The third issue reviewed is the use of nicotine as a therapeutic agent. The place of nicotine in the treatment of UC is unclear, although it could be useful in selected cases, particularly in recent ex-smokers with moderate but refractory attacks of UC. Finally, the effect of smoking cessation in UC patients is summarised. Given that smoking represents a major worldwide cause of death, for inpatients with UC the risks of smoking far outweigh any possible benefit. Thus, physicians should advise, encourage and assist UC patients who smoke to quit.

关键词：溃疡性结肠炎吸烟者戒烟环境干扰被动吸烟死亡原因尼古丁治疗剂

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Radioisotope production using lasers:From basic science to applications

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 31-44页

作者： M.R.D.Rodrigues A.Bonasera M.Scisciò J.A.Pérez-Hernández M.Ehret F.Filippi P.L.Andreoli M.Huault H.Larreur D.Singappuli D.Molloy D.Raffestin M.Alonzo G.G.Rapisarda D.Lattuada G.L.Guardo C.Verona fe.Consoli G.Petringa A.McNamee M.La Cognata S.Palmerini T.Carriere M.Cipriani G.Di Giorgio G.Cristofari R.De Angelis G.A.P.Cirrone D.Margarone L.Giuffrida D.Batani P.Nicolai K.Batani R.Lera L.Volpe D.Giulietti S.Agarwal M.Krupka S.Singh Fa.Consoli Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77840USA Laboratori Nazionali del Sud Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(LNS-INFN)CataniaItaly ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department-CFrascatiItaly Centro de Láseres Pulsados(clpu) VillamayorSpain Universidad de Salamanca SalamancaSpain Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications(CELIA) Universitéde BordeauxCNRSCEATalenceFrance HB11 Energy Holdings Pty FreshwaterNew South WalesAustralia School of Mathematics and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia“E.Majorana ”Università di CataniaCataniaItaly Facoltàdi Ingegneria e Architettura Universitàdegli Studi di Enna“Kore”EnnaItaly Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitàdi Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia Universitàdegli Studi di PerugiaPerugiaItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di PerugiaPerugiaItaly ELI Beamlines Facility the Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolni BrezanyCzech Republic ETSIA Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Dipartimento Fisica “E.Fermi”Universitàdi Pisa and INFNPisaItaly FZU–Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic

The discovery of chirped pulse amplification has led to great improvements in laser technology,enabling energetic laser beams to be compressed to pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds and focused to a few *** with energies of tens of MeV can be accelerated using,for instance,target normal sheath acceleration and focused on secondary *** such conditions,nuclear reactions can occur,with the production of radioisotopes suitable for medical *** use of high-repetition lasers to produce such isotopes is competitive with conventional methods mostly based on *** this paper,we study the production of^(67)Cu,^(63)Zn,^(18)F,and^(11)C,which are currently used in positron emission tomography and other *** the same time,we study the reactions^(10)B(p,α)^(7)Be and^(70)Zn(p,4n)^(67)Ga to put further constraints on the proton distributions at different angles,as well as the reaction^(11)B(p,α)^(8)Be relevant for energy *** experiment was performed at the 1 PW laser facility at VegaⅢin Salamanca,*** distributions of radioisotopes in the forward(with respect to the laser direction)and backward directions were measured using a high purity germanium *** results are in reasonable agreement with numerical estimates obtained following the approach of Kimura and Bonasera[*** ***.,Sect.A 637,164–170(2011)].

关键词： purity estimates backward

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