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Effects of rising temperature on growth and energy budget of juvenile Eogammarus possjeticus(Amphipoda:Anisogammaridae)

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第9期40卷 82-89页

作者： Suyan Xue Yuze Mao Jiaqi Li Jianguang Fang fazhen zhao Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesQingdao 266071China Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China

Growth and energy budget of marine amphipod juvenile Eogammarus possjeticus at different temperatures(20℃,24℃,26℃,28℃,30℃,32℃ and 34℃)were investigated in this *** results showed that the cumulative mortality rate increased significantly with rising temperature(p<0.01),and exceeded 50%after 24 h when temperature was above 30℃.With the temperature increasing from 20℃ to 26℃,the ingestion rate and absorption rate increased,but decreased significantly above 28℃(p<0.01),indicating a decline in feeding ability at high *** specific growth rate increased with rising temperature,but decreased significantly(p<0.01)after reaching the maximum value at 24℃.Similarly,the oxygen consumption and ammonia emission rates also showed a trend of first increase and then ***,the O:N ratio decreased first and then increased with rising temperature,indicating that the energy demand of *** juvenile transferred from metabolism of carbohydrate and lipid to *** the energy distribution of amphipods,the proportion of each energy is *** rising temperature,the ratio of the energy deposited for growth accounted for ingested gross energy showing a trend of decrease,while the energy lost to respiration,ammonia excretion,and feces accounted for ingested gross energy being showed a trend of *** seemed that rising temperature increased the metabolism and energy consumption of the amphipods and,meanwhile,decreased the energy used for growth,which may be an important reason for the slow growth and small body size of the amphipods during the summer high-temperature period.

关键词： Eogammarus possjeticus rising temperature growth respiratory metabolism energy budget

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Effects of salinity, carbonate alkalinity, and pH on physiological indicators of nutrition transporter for potential habitat restoration of amphipod Eogammarus possjeticus

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第6期38卷 1925-1935页

作者： XUE Suyan MAO Yuze WANG Jinye FANG Jianguang zhao fazhen Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries Ministry of AgricultureShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Resources and Eco-environmentYellow Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China College of Marine Science and Engineering Qingdao Agriculture UniversityQingdao 266109China

The effects of three environmental factors,salinity,carbonate alkalinity,and pH,on the survival,feeding,and respiratory metabolism of Eogammarus possjeticus(Amphipoda:Gammaridae)were investigated *** results show that *** could tolerate a broad salinity *** 24-h lowest median lethal salinity was 2.70,and the highest was *** 24-h median lethal alkalinity and pH were 23.05 mmol/L and 9.91,respectively;both values decreased gradually with *** values of salinity,carbonate alkalinity,and pH resulted in significant differences in the cumulative mortality(P<0.05).The ingestion rate and feed absorption efficiency were significantly affected by the coupling of the three environmental factors(P<0.05).With increases in carbonate alkalinity,salinity,and pH,both ingestion rate and feed absorption efficiency exhibited a downward trend,indicating a decline in feeding ability under high salinity and more alkaline water *** coupling of salinity,carbonate alkalinity,and pH also had a significant effect on respiration and excretion(P<0.05).The oxygen consumption rate increased first and then decreased with increasing carbonate *** the same carbonate alkalinity values,the oxygen consumption rate increased with increasing *** the same carbonate alkalinity and salinity,the oxygen consumption rate initially increased and then decreased with increasing *** O:N ratio first increased and then decreased with increasing carbonate *** carbonate alkalinity was less than 6 mmol/L,the O:N ratio increased with increasing salinity and decreased with increasing *** results demonstrate that changes in salinity,carbonate alkalinity,and pH had a measurable impact on the osmotic pressure equilibrium in *** and affected the energy supply mode(*** of metabolic substrate).

关键词： Eogammarus possjeticus saline and alkaline water survival feeding respiratory metabolism

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Bioaccumulation and Biodegradation of Sulfamethazine in Chlorella pyrenoidosa

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2017年第6期16卷 1167-1174页

作者： SUN Ming LIN Hong GUO Wen zhao fazhen LI Jian College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 P. R. China Marine Biology Institute of Shandong Province Qingdao 266104 P. R. China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Qingdao 266071 P. R. China

Intensive use of sulfamethazine(SM_2) in aquaculture has resulted in some detrimental effects to non-targeted organisms. In order to assess its potential ecological risk, it is crucial to have a good understanding on the bioaccumulation and biodegradation of SM_2 in Chlorella pyrenoidosa. The microalgae were treated with 2, 4, and 8 mg L^(-1) of sulfamethazine for 13 days, respectively, showing that the inhibition effects of sulfamethazine on the growth of Chlorella pyrenoidosa increased progressively as the concentrations of sulfamethazine increasing from 2 to 8 mg L^(-1). The peak concentrations of sulfamethazine accumulated in C. pyrenoidosa were 0.225, 0.325, and 0.596 ng per mg FW on day 13 for three treatment groups, respectively, showing a great ability to deplete sulfamethazine from the culture media. On day 13, the percentages of biotic degradation were 48.45%, 60.21% and 69.93%, respectively. The EC_(50) of 10.05 mg L^(-1) was derived which showed no significant risk for C. pyrenoidosa with a calculated risk quotient < 1. The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase increased progressively in response to sulfamethazine and showed a positive correlation to the treatment concentrations. The highest superoxide dismutase activity was achieved at the concentration of 8 mg L^(-1) after 2 d of exposure, which was 1.89 folds higher than that of the control. The activity of catalase has a similar pattern to that of superoxide dismutase with the maximum activity achieved at day 2, which was 3.11 folds higher compared to that of the control. In contrast to superoxide dismutase and catalase, the maximum glutathione S-transferase activity was observed at day 6, showing 2.2 folds higher than that of the control.

关键词： sulfamethazine Chlorella pyrenoidosa bioaccumulation biodegradation risk assessment

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Nitrogen Budget in Recirculating Aquaculture and Water Exchange Systems for Culturing Litopenaeus vannamei

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2018年第4期17卷 905-912页

作者： CHEN zhao GE Hongxing CHANG Zhiqiang SONG Xiefa zhao fazhen LI Jian Fisheries College Ocean University of China Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences

In order to investigate the culture characteristics of two indoor intensive Litopenaeus vannamei farming modes, recirculating aquaculture system(RAS) and water exchange system(WES), this study was carried out to analyze the water quality and nitrogen budget including various forms of nitrogen, microorganism and chlorophyll-a. Nitrogen budget was calculated based on feed input, shrimp harvest, water quality and renewal rate, and collection of bottom mud. Input nitrogen retained in shrimp was 23.58% and 19.10% respectively for WES and RAS, and most of nitrogen waste retained in water and bottom mud. In addition, most of nitrogen in the water of WES was TAN(21.32%) and nitrite(15.30%), while in RAS was nitrate(25.97%), which means that more than 76% of ammonia and nitrite were removed. The effect of microalgae in RAS and WES was negligible. However, bacteria played a great role in the culture system considering the highest cultivable cultivable bacterial populations in RAS and WES were 1.03×10^(10) cfu mL^(-1) and 2.92×10~9 cfu mL^(-1), respectively. Meanwhile the proportion of bacteria in nitrogen budget was 29.61% and 24.61% in RAS and WES, respectively. RAS and WES could realize shrimp high stocking culture with water consuming rate of 1.25 m^3 per kg shrimp and 3.89 m^3 per kg shrimp, and power consuming rates of 3.60 kwh per kg shrimp and 2.51 kwh per kg shrimp, respectively. This study revealed the aquatic environment and nitrogen budget of intensive shrimp farming in detail, which provided the scientific basis for improving the industrial shrimp farming.

关键词： RAS shrimp water quality nitrogen budget microorganism

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Distribution and Elimination of Norfloxacin in Fenneropenaeus chinensis Larvae

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2013年第3期12卷 397-402页

作者： SUN Ming LI Jian zhao fazhen LI Jitao CHANG Zhiqiang Fisheries College Ocean University of China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries of Ministry of Agriculture of China Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences

This study examined the distribution and elimination of Norfloxacin （NFLX） in Fenneropenaeus chinensis ovary and egg and newly hatched larvae. Mature parental shrimp were exposed to 4 or 10mgL-1 NFLX for 2 or 5d. Ovary and eggs of the shrimp were sampled after spawning in order to detect NFLX residue using high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. Re- suits showed that NFLX residue accumulated in F. chinensis eggs after the parental exposure, with the highest residue detected in ovary. To examine the fate of NFLX residue in larvae, we further determined the concentration of NFLX residue in F. chinensis eggs and larvae at 4 different developmental stages after 24-h exposure. From the newly metamorphosed larvae （Oh post-metamorphosis, h.p.m）, samples were taken at different time intervals to 72 h,p.m. HPLC assay showed that the concentrations of NFLX residue in zoea exposed to 4 and 10mgL-1 NFLX were the highest at 1.5h, i.e., 0.332 and 0.454μgg-1, respectively. At the two NFLX expo- sure levels, the elimination time of half NFLX （half life） in nauplius was 45.36 and 49.85h, respectively, followed by that in zoea （31.68 and 33.13 h）, mysis larvae （42.24 and 47.28 h） and postlarvae （24.48 and 30.96 h）. Both NFLX exposure levels had a germi- cidal effect. The distribution and elimination of NFLX residue in F. chinensis tissue, eggs and larvae correlated well with the drug exposure level. The disappearance of NFLX residue coincided with the larval growth, and the half-life of NFLX decreased with the larval development.

关键词： Fenneropenaeus chinensis larva NFLX HPLC residue analysis

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Toxic Dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense Induces Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Hepatopancreas of Shrimp(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2014年第6期13卷 1005-1011页

作者： LIANG Zhongxiu LI Jian LI Jitao TAN Zhijun REN Hai zhao fazhen College of Fisheries and Life Science Shanghai Ocean University Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries of Ministry of Agriculture Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences

This study investigated the inductive effect ofAlexandrium tamarense, a toxic dinoflagellate producing paralytic shell- fish poison, on oxidative stress and apoptosis in hepatopancreas of Chinese shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis. The individuals of E chinensis were exposed to 200 and 1000 cells mL-1 of A. tamarense with their superoxide dismutase （SOD）, glutathione S-transferase （GST） activities, malonyldialdehyde （MDA） concentration, and caspase gene （FcCasp） expression in hepatopancreas determined at 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. In addition, apoptosis in hepatopancreas of E chinensis at 96 h after exposure was determined through terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） assay. The hepatopancreatic SOD and GST activities of F. chinensis exposed to 1000 cells mL-1 ofA. tamarense showed a bell-shaped response to exposure time. The hepatopancreatic MDA concentration ofF. chinensis exposed to 1000 cellsmL-1 ofA. tamarense increased gradually from 48 to 96h, and such a trend corresponded to the decrease of GST activity. The hepatopancreatic FcCasp transcript abundance of F. chinensis exposed to 1000 cells mL-1 ofA. tamarense was positively and linearly correlated to MDA concentration. Results of TUNEL assay showed that exposure to 1000 cells mL-1 of A. tamarense induced apoptosis in the hepatopancreas of E chinensis. Our study revealed that A. tamarense exposure influenced the antioxidative status ofF. chinensis and caused lipid peroxidation and apoptosis in the hepatopancreas of shrimp.

关键词： Alexandrium tamarense oxidative stress apoptosis Fenneropenaeus chinensis

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Isolation of Prawn(Exopalaemon carinicauda) Lipopolysaccharide and β-1,3-Glucan Binding Protein Gene and Its Expression in Responding to Bacterial and Viral Infections

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2016年第2期15卷 288-296页

作者： GE Qianqian LI Jian DUAN Yafei LI Jitao SUN Ming zhao fazhen Fisheries College Ocean University of China Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources of Ministry of Agriculture Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture South China Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery Sciences

The pattern recognition proteins （PRPs） play a major role in immune response of crustacean to resist pathogens. In the present study, as one of PRPs, lipopolysaccharide and 13-1, 3-glucan binding protein （LGBP） gene in the ridge tail white prawn （Exopalaemon carinicauda）（EcLGBP） was isolated. The full-length cDNA of EcLGBP was 1338 bp, encoding a polypeptide of 366 amino acid residules. The deduced amino acid sequence of EcLGBP shared high similarities with LGBP and BGBP from other crus- taceans. Some conservative domains were predicted in EcLGBP sequence. EcLGBP constitutively expressed in most tissues at dif- ferent levels, and the highest expression was observed in hepatopancreas. With infection time, the cumulative mortality increased gradually followed by the proliferation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and white spot syndrome virus （WSSV）. The expression of EcLGBP in response to E parahaemolyticus infection was up-regulated in hemocytes and hepatopancreas, and the up-regulation in hepatopancreas was earlier than that in hemocytes. EcLGBP expression after WSSV infection increased at 3 h, then significantly decreased in both hemocytes and hepatopancreas. The results indicated that EcLGBP was involved in the immune defense against bacterial and viral infections.

关键词： Exopalaemon carinicauda LGBP WSSV Vibrio parahaemolyticus immune response

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Lack of Gender Effect on the Pharmacokinetics of Oxytetracycline in Fenneropenaeus chinensis After Intramuscular Administration

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2015年第2期14卷 335-339页

作者： SUN Ming LI Jian CHANG Zhiqiang GUO Wenting zhao fazhen LI Jitao Fishery College Ocean University of China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries of Ministry of Agriculture Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences College of Marine Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology

Fenneropenaeus chinensis, an economically important shrimp species, currently suffers from epizootic diseases due to high density stocking and bacterial infections. Oxytetracycline （OTC） has been widely used to treat various systemic bacterial infec- tions in shrimp farming. In the present study, the effect of gender on pharmacokinetics of OTC in F. chinensis was investigated. The OTC concentrations in hemolymph of shrimp after single intramuscular administration （75 mg OTC per kg body weight） were ana- lyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and best described with a two-compartment open model which is characterized by a short elimination half-life, low clearance, and a relatively large apparent volume of distribution. The pharmacokinetic equations were Ct= 58.54e-0.38t＋ 11.67e-0.04t for females; and Ct= 27.94e-0.28t＋ 14.87e-0.04t for males. The distribution and elimination half-lives of OTC were 1.82 and 19.58 h, respectively, in females and 2.50 and 16.11 h, respectively, in males at 22 ℃. The areas under the drug concentration curve were 480 mg L-1 h-1 in females and 430 mg L-1 h-1 in males. The total body clearance of the drug was 157.11 mL kg-1 h-l in females and 172.47mLkg-1 h-1 in males. The apparent volume distribution was 4.44 in females and 4.01 Lkg-1 in males. There was no significant difference in pharmacokinetic parameters between female and male shrimps, indicating that there is no need to consider the gender effect in clinical use of OTC in F. chinensis farming.

关键词： Fenneropenaeus chinensis oxytetracycline pharmacokinetics gender

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图书馆公共危机治理的分析框架与行动范式

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图书馆建设 2022年第3期 52-60页

作者：赵发珍兰州大学图书馆兰州大学管理学院

图书馆公共危机治理的现有研究和实践内容过于突出微观层面图书馆应对公共危机的过程,缺乏宏观治理层面的深入分析。在国家治理体系与治理能力现代化基础上,通过对公共危机治理“共性”以及图书馆应对公共危机“个性”的考量,构建出图... 详细信息

图书馆公共危机治理的现有研究和实践内容过于突出微观层面图书馆应对公共危机的过程,缺乏宏观治理层面的深入分析。在国家治理体系与治理能力现代化基础上,通过对公共危机治理“共性”以及图书馆应对公共危机“个性”的考量,构建出图书馆危机治理“体系—环节—能力”分析框架;从规划、行动到学习环节体现图书馆专业化治理的认同性、创新性以及反思性;还要强化图书馆公共危机治理的前瞻、响应及韧性等能力。后疫情时代,图书馆需要从循规蹈矩转向服务创新、单向行动转向多维联动、被动回应转向前瞻规划、思维定式转向拓展想象等方面实现行动范式的转化,进而推进图书馆危机治理体系及治理能力的迭代升级。

关键词：图书馆危机治理公共危机危机治理框架行动范式

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数据赋能图书馆治理创新:内涵、模式及发展路径

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国家图书馆学刊 2023年第2期32卷 40-48页

作者：赵发珍兰州大学图书馆

数智时代图书馆治理呈现出鲜明的数字化、智能化特征,数据要素与图书馆治理深度融合,将带来研究范式和治理范式的新转变,数据赋能图书馆治理已成为图书馆治理的重要趋向。在整体性治理理论指导下,本文系统分析数据赋能图书馆治理要素,... 详细信息

数智时代图书馆治理呈现出鲜明的数字化、智能化特征,数据要素与图书馆治理深度融合,将带来研究范式和治理范式的新转变,数据赋能图书馆治理已成为图书馆治理的重要趋向。在整体性治理理论指导下,本文系统分析数据赋能图书馆治理要素,并构建了数据赋能图书馆治理的圈层结构模式,该圈层结构由内到外可以分为内圈层、中间层和外圈层三层。其中,内圈层即图书馆数据层,中间层即图书馆具体治理行动层,外圈层即图书馆治理维度层。在从内圈层到外圈层的图书馆治理系统重构中,图书馆数据资产管理是推动治理的关键,同时数据赋能图书馆治理要素可以使治理目标精准化、治理主体协同化、治理过程智慧化以及治理内容一体化。数据赋能图书馆治理的实现需要坚持以用户为中心的治理理念,重视图书馆数据资产化及其治理,创新图书馆治理协同及治理体系。

关键词：图书馆治理数据赋能智慧治理

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