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Are gender inclusiveness and rural transformation interlinked?The case of Bangladesh

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 2112-2126页

作者： Maria fay Rola-Rubzen Mohammad Jahangir Alam Jon Marx Sarmiento Ismat Ara Begum Al Amin Al Abbasi Subrata Saha UWA School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western AustraliaPerth 6009Australia Department of Agribusiness and Marketing Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh-2202Bangladesh Department of Agricultural Economics Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh-2202Bangladesh

Gender inclusiveness is important in the rural transformation process of Bangladesh as rural women play key roles in both agricultural and non-agricultural *** inclusiveness also leads to gender *** empirically evaluate relationships between rural transformation and gender inclusiveness in *** consider three rural transformation indicators:high-value commodities’share in agricultural output values,non-farm employment’s share in rural labor employment,and non-agricultural GDP’s share in total *** capturing gender inclusiveness include the per capita rural income of males and females,ratio of investments into gender programs,female access to education,access to healthcare,employment participation,land ownership,and asset *** test the effect of the difference in per capita rural income of males and females and the ratio of their incomes and check for the robustness of the gender variables across different model *** 128 district-level observations from 32 districts of Bangladesh across four time periods(2000,2005,2010 and 2016),we use both ordinary least squares and fixed effects panel regression *** find that female land and asset ownership and access to education and healthcare are robust determinants of various stages of rural ***,our results suggest that improving women’s ownership of land and assets and investing in women’s education and healthcare will likely contribute to a more inclusive rural transformation.

关键词： rural transformation Bangladesh gender inclusiveness investments on women

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Characteristics of Gold Mineralization at the Baguiomo Gold Panning Site, koudougou Region, Burkina Faso, West Africa

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第1期14卷 1-18页

作者： Pascal Ouiya Aziz fayçal Tarnagda Martial Eric Fozing Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS) Institut Sciences et Technologie (IST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire Géosciences et Environnement (LaGE) Earth Sciences Department Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Geology University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

The Birimian Baguiomo formations are located in the northern part of the Boromo greenstone belt. In this belt, the volcanic rocks (tholeiitic basalt, calcalkaline basalt, andesite) hosting the gold mineralization are located in the kwademen-Baguiomo shear zone. This mineralization, located only a few kilometers from the kwademen gold deposit, is uncharacterized and, together with the latter, could constitute a gold potential capable of being economically exploitable. It is in this sense that this work is carried out with a view to characterizing the gold mineralization of the Baguiomo gold panning site. To carry out this work, we have made direct field measurements, combined with microstructures, and combined all this with data from geochemical rock analysis of the basalts that are the main host formations. Geochemical data show that tholeitic basalts formed from a mantle plume that was emplaced in an oceanic plateau context. Calc-alkaline basalts and andesites are comparable to Paleoproterozoic tholeitic basalts (PTH3), which are slightly enriched in light rare earths. Fertility tests show that these basalts concentrate between 3 and 6 ppb of gold at the time of accretion, which is sufficient for remobilization of this primary gold during the Eburnian orogeny to yield a deposit of around 4 - 5 Moz. Gold mineralization is associated with pyrite crystals when the latter are disseminated in the rock mass, whereas it is associated with hematite in quartz veins concordant with S1 shear deformation. It is mainly the pyrite crystals in the pressure shadows that contain the gold grains, whose development would be synchronous with micro-shear zone reactivation during the first phase of D1B deformation. The second phase of D2B deformation, which is a crenulation or fracture schistosity, does not significantly affect the shear deformation that controls mineralization.

关键词： kwademen-Baguiomo Shear Zone Gold Panning Site Gold Mineralization Eburnian Orogeny

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Unusual Giant Pre-Sacral Multicystic Schwannoma: A Case Report and Differential Diagnosis

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Open Journal of Radiology 2024年第3期14卷 103-112页

作者： Mehfoud Ibrahim khoulali Mohamed khay Hamid Mejdoubi Anasse Oulali Noureddine Moufid fayçal Bouziane Mohammed Housni Brahim Department of Neurosurgery Faculty of Medicine University Mohammed First Oujda Morocco Department of Neurosurgery lHpital Universitaire International Mohammed VI de Bouskoura Bouskoura Morocco Department of Gastroenterology Surgery Faculty of Medicine University Mohammed First Oujda Morocco Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Faculty of Medicine University Mohammed First Oujda Morocco

Background: Schwannomas are generally benign neoplasms arising from the nerve sheath. Presacral schwannomas are very rare entities and difficult to diagnose, representing less than 15% of all retrorectal space tumors. Benign schwannoma sometimes displays degenerative changes, such as cyst formation, calcification, hemorrhage, and hyalinization. Usually these degenerations are partially seen in the tumors. Objective: To point out that presacral schwannoma can display markedly multilocular cystic degeneration. Case Report: We present this unique case of a 24-year-old man diagnosed with an unusually large pure multilocular cystic schwannoma, which is revealed by digestive, urinary, and nonspecific neurological symptoms. The patient was successfully treated with radical surgery via an anterior approach leading to the recovery of symptoms. Discussion and Conclusion: This tumor was unusual in its totally multicystic appearance and its resemblance to a wide spectrum of lesions that can occur in the pre-sacral space, such as hydatid and developmental cysts. Preoperative diagnosis is essential to prevent major neurological deficits during surgical intervention.

关键词： Multicystic Schwannoma Pre-Sacral Space Differential Diagnosis

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Soundscapes and the sense of hearing of fishes

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Integrative Zoology 2009年第1期4卷 26-32页

作者： Richard fay Parmly Hearing Institute Loyola University ChicagoChicagoUSA

Underwater soundscapes have probably played an important role in the adaptation of ears and auditory systems of fishes throughout evolutionary time,and for all *** sounds probably contain important information about the environment and about most objects and events that confront the receiving fish so that appropriate be-havior is *** example,the sounds from reefs appear to be used by at least some fishes for their orientation and *** sorts of environmental sounds should be considered much like“acoustic daylight,”that continuously bathes all environments and contain information that all organisms can potentially use to form a sort of image of the *** present,however,we are generally ignorant of the nature of ambient sound fields impinging on fishes,and the adaptive value of processing these fields to resolve the multiple sources of *** field has focused almost exclusively on the adaptive value of processing species-specific communication sounds,and has not considered the informational value of ambient“noise.”Since all fishes can detect and process acoustic particle motion,including the directional characteristics of this motion,underwater sound fields are potentially more complex and information-rich than terrestrial acoustic *** capacities of one fish species(goldfish)to receive and make use of such sound source information have been demonstrated(sound source seg-regation and auditory scene analysis),and it is suggested that all vertebrate species have this capacity.A call is made to better understand underwater soundscapes,and the associated behaviors they determine in fishes.

关键词： acoustic daylight auditory scene analysis soundscape sound source segregation.

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Copernicrinus zamorae *** ***.,the oldest thiolliericrinid crinoid(Crinoidea,Echinodermata) from the Bajocian strata of Algeria,Africa

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第2期13卷 237-251页

作者： Bartosz J.Pιachno Madani Benyoucef fayc al Mekki Mohammed Adaci Imad Bouchemla Sreepat Jain Marcin krajewski Mariusz A.Salamon Faculty of Biology Institute of BotanyJagiellonian University in KrakowGronostajowa Street 930-387 KrakowPoland Laboratoire de Géomatique Ecologie et EnvironnementMustapha Stambouli University of MascaraDZ-29000 MascaraAlgeria Abou Bekr Belkaid University of Tlemcen TlemcenAlgeria Department of Geological Sciences Faculty of Biological and Agricultural SciencesMouloud Mammeri University of Tizi-OuzouTizi-OuzouAlgeria Adama Science and Technology University School of Applied Natural SciencesDepartment of Applied GeologyP.O.Box 1888AdamaEthiopia Faculty of Geology Geophysics and Environmental ProtectionAGH University of Science and TechnologyAl.A.Mickiewicza 30PL-30-059KrakowPoland Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Silesia in KatowiceBedzinska Street 60PL-41-200 SosnowiecPoland

The thiolliericrinids(Thiolliericrinidae) are comatulids(Comatulida),which retained their stalks as ***,we report a centrodorsal from the Bajocian strata(Middle Jurassic) of the Djebel kérdacha area,northwestern Algeria(Africa).It is the first thiolliericrinid report from outside of Europe and also the oldest representative of the Thiolliericrinidae whose first occurrence is from the *** crinoid is assigned to Copernicrinus zamorae *** *** reported new taxon shows strong similarities with the stemless ‘true’comatulids,Solanocrinites;the only difference is the presence of a facet to the stem in *** closest comparable thiolliericrinid to Copernicrinus is the Oxfordian Thiolliericrinus,interpreted as a descendant of the *** origin and overview of all thiolliericrinid representatives are also discussed herein.

关键词： Thiolliericrinidae Crinoids Coral facies Bajocian Jurassic Algeria Southern Tethys margin

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Influence of inoculation on cast iron machinability:Case studies

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China Foundry 2020年第2期17卷 150-157页

作者： Aurélie fay Ferroglobe ChambéryFrance

Machinability can sometimes be difficult to predict and be impacted by different characteristics of the ***,a key step in foundry process,is well-known to be a powerful tool to adjust the characteristics of castings in both grey and ductile *** metallurgical cases were investigated to understand different machinability behaviors in correlation to their metallographic ***,two examples taken from grey iron processes are analyzed to illustrate how inoculation is required to adjust characteristics of iron castings,especially the modification of graphite characteristics and the prevention of micro-shrinkage,both parameters are well-known to have an impact on iron *** study also illustrates the importance of the ratio Mn/S to guarantee the presence of manganese sulfides in the matrix,beneficial for iron machinability.

关键词： inoculation foundry process machinability grey iron

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Managing airport stormwater containing deicers： challenges and opportunities

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2017年第1期11卷 35-46页

作者： Xianming SHI Stephen M. QUILTY Thomas LONG Anand JAYAkARAN Laura fay Gang XU Smart & Green Infrastructure Group Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering Washington State University Pullman WA 99164-2910 USA SMQ Airport Services 26757 Haverhill Drive Lutz FL 33559-8509 USA kent State University 1400 Lefton Esplanade Kent OH 44242 USA Washington Stormwater Center Washington State University Puyallup WA 98371 USA Western Transportation Institute Montana State University Bozeman MT 59717 USA

Stormwater runoff at airports is a significant and costly issue, especially for the stormwater laden with deicing contaminants of high Biochemical Oxygen Demand （BOD） and aquatic toxicity. To reduce the loading of deicing constituents in stormwater and to manage the increasing pressure of tightening regulations, identifying fate and transport and evaluating environmental risks of deicing stormwater are of critical importance. In this review, the regulatory development of airport deicing stormwater management was first discussed, along with the milestone Airport Cooperative Research Program （ACRP） Report 14 publication. The deicer usage and fugitive losses can be reduced and the amount of deicer collected can be increased by having a better understanding of the fate and transport of deicing constituents in stormwater. As such, an overview and evaluation of the constituents of concern in deicers were provided to support the assessment of environmental impacts and mitigation recommendations. The state of knowledge of airport deicing stormwater management was then reviewed, which needs to be synthesized into a national guidance document. A guidebook and a decision tool for airports were proposed to adopt specific practical stormwater management strategies while balancing their priorities in environmental, economic, and social values against operational constraints. These challenges pose great opportunities to improve the current practices of airport deicing stormwater management.

关键词： airport deicer stormwater guidebook decision tool

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A biography of loneliness

A biography of loneliness

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作者： fay Bound Alberti.

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Traits of an invasive grass conferring an early growth advantage over native grasses

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第6期9卷 672-681页

作者： Lara G.Reichmann Susanne Schwinning H.Wayne Polley Philip A.fay Department of Integrative Biology University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA USDA-ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory808 E Blackland RoadTempleTX 76502USA Department of Biology Texas State UniversitySan MarcosTX 78666USA

Aims Invasive species often have higher relative growth rates(RGR)than their native *** use efficiency,total leaf area and specific leaf area(SLA)are traits that may confer RGR differences between natives and invasives,but trait differences are less prominent when the invasive species belongs to the same plant functional type as the dominant native ***,we test if traits displayed soon after germination confer an early size ***,we predicted that invasive species seedlings grow faster than the natives because they lack trade-offs that more strongly constrain the growth of native *** We quantified plant morphological and physiological traits and RGR during early seedling growth at high and low nutrient levels in three dominant perennial native C_(4) grasses:Panicum virgatum L.(switchgrass),Schizachyrium scoparium(Michx.)Nash(little bluestem)and Andropogon gerardii Vitman(big bluestem);and a perennial C_(4) exotic invasive grass,Sorghum halepense(L.)Pers.(Johnsongrass).Important Findings After 2 weeks of growth,Johnsongrass seedlings had greater biomass,SLA and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency,but lower leaf N concentrations(%leaf N)and root:shoot ratio than *** growth continued,Johnsongrass more quickly produced larger and thicker leaves than the natives,which dampened the growth advantage past the first 2 to 3 weeks of *** in carbon gain appears to be the best explanation for the early growth advantage of *** natives,growth was constrained by an apparent trade-off between allocation to root biomass,which reduced SLA,and production of leaves with high N content,which increased carbon *** Johnsongrass,root:shoot ratio did not interact with other traits,and%leaf N was decoupled from RGR as a result of a trade-off between the positive indirect association of%leaf N with RGR and the negative direct association of%leaf N with RGR.

关键词： biomass allocation invasive plants RGR Sorghum halepense trade-offs trait development

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Role of Green Governance in Achieving Sustainable Urbanization in China

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China & World Economy 2014年第5期22卷 19-36页

作者： Marianne fay Jin-zhao Wang Gailius Draugelis Uwe Deichmann World Bank Industrial Economics Research Department Development Research Center of the State Council of People 's Republic of China China Office World Bank Development Research Group World Bank

Since economic reforms began in 1978, China＇s urban population has increased by half a billion. Over the next 20years, cities will likely add another 300 million people through local population growth, migration and the integration of nearby rural areas, Cities account for the majority of resource use and pollution so achieving greener growth will depend on developing and implementing a more sustainable urbanization model. China＇s leaders have responded to these challenges with ambitious goals and comprehensive environmental laws and regulations. These have so far not significantly reduced the harm from air, water and soil pollution.＂ in large measure because China ＂s green governance does not match its green ambitions. Drawing on the World Bank ＇s work on green growth and a recent joint urbanization study by the Development Research Center of China＇s State Council and the Worm Bank, this paper reviews recent academic research on green governance in urban China and discusses its main implications in the context of emerging global green growth concepts.

关键词： environmental institutions green growth urbanization

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