The calculation of the hardness profile is a powerful tool for the selection of the right steel for a given purpose. Computer programs INC-PHATRAN and INDUCTER-B were formerly developed by the authors for the calculat...
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The calculation of the hardness profile is a powerful tool for the selection of the right steel for a given purpose. Computer programs INC-PHATRAN and INDUCTER-B were formerly developed by the authors for the calculation of hardness profiles after heat treatment processes of low alloy and carbon steels. The first one simulates quenching as well as through hardening operations, and the second one models electromagnetic induction heat treatments processes. These codes make use of the SAE Standard 3406 in order to obtain the hardness profile, with enhanced regression coefficients recently obtained by the authors. The present work broadens the field of application of this method, allowing to apply it for low hardenability tool steels such as the ASTM o1 Tool Steel. The method used for the calculation of the hardness profile is here summarized, and an example of application is described, which shows good correspondence between the calculated and measured values.
A substantial number of studies have been published since the Ninth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-9)in 2018,improving our understanding of the effect of climate change on tropical cyclones(TCs)and a...
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A substantial number of studies have been published since the Ninth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-9)in 2018,improving our understanding of the effect of climate change on tropical cyclones(TCs)and associated hazards and *** studies have reinforced the robustness of increases in TC intensity and associated TC hazards and risks due to anthropogenic climate *** modeling and observational studies suggested the potential influence of anthropogenic climate forcings,including greenhouse gases and aerosols,on global and regional TC activity at the decadal and century time ***,there are still substantial uncertainties owing to model uncertainty in simulating historical TC decadal variability in the Atlantic,and the limitations of observed TC *** projected future change in the global number of TCs has become more uncertain since IWTC-9 due to projected increases in TC frequency by a few climate models.A new paradigm,TC seeds,has been proposed,and there is currently a debate on whether seeds can help explain the physical mechanism behind the projected changes in global TC *** studies also highlighted the importance of large-scale environmental fields on TC activity,such as snow cover and air-sea *** projections on TC translation speed and medicanes are new additional focus topics in our *** and future research are proposed relevant to the remaining scientific questions and assisting policymakers.
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