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Evaluation and Characterization of Executive Function Disorders after Stroke

Open Journal of Psychiatry 2025年第1期15卷 16-23页

作者： El Hadji Makhtar ba Hilaire Dominique Ewodo Touna Momar Camara Sokhna Seck Bocar baila Diédhiou Racky Wade fatoumata ba Ndèye Awa Dieye Maimouna Dieye Ndiaga Matar Gaye Adjaratou Dieynabou Sow Anna Mbodj basse Marieme Soda Diop Lala Bouna Seck Ousmane Cisse Khadim Fall Adama Koundoul Mbayang Ndiaye Aida Sylla Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology Fann National University Hospital Centre Dakar Senegal Ibrahima Pierre Ndiaye Neuroscience Clinic Dakar Senegal Occupational Medicine UCAD Dakar Senegal Department of Psychiatry and Human Physiology UGB Saint-Louis Senegal Department of Psychiatry EHMT This Senegal Department of Psychiatry Assane Seck University Ziguinchor Senegal

Introduction: Stroke may have a negative impact on mental health and behavior. Cognitive disorders are common after stroke. They are rarely assessed in current clinical practice, particularly in our context. They constitute a real “invisible” handicap. In sub-Saharan Africa, we are not aware of any studies specifically assessing executive functions. These functions are at the heart of all adaptation processes to new or complex situations. This prompted the authors to carry out this study at the Ibrahima Pierre Ndiaye Neuroscience Department of the Fann National University Hospital Centre (Senegal). Objective and Methodology: The aim of this study was to assess and characterize post-stroke alterations in executive functions in our context. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study. It took place over a 4-month period from April 1 to August 31, 2021. Patients were matched to controls according to age, gender and educational level. Executive functions were assessed using the Frontal Assessment battery (FAB). Results: A total of 30 patients with stroke were enrolled. These patients were matched to controls. The mean age of the patients was 46.87 ± 17.65 years. For the control group, it was 39.27 ± 12.33 years. The prevalence of executive function disorders was 20% in post-stroke patients. The majority of executive functions assessed were impaired. Sensitivity to interference and environmental autonomy were the only ones preserved. Conclusion: Impaired executive functions are common after stroke. They should be systematically assessed in all stroke patients to ensure optimal management.

关键词： Post-Stroke Mental Health Executive Functions Invisible Disability Senegal

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Nutritional Characterization of Traditional Foods based on Millet, Sorghum and Cowpea from the North-Central Region of Burkina Faso

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 681-694页

作者： Rasmata Dabo fatoumata Hama-ba Serge Samandoulgou Aly Savadogo Food Technology Department Institute for Research in Applied Sciences and Technologies National Center for Scientific and Technological Research Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Immunology Training and Research Unit in Life and Earth Sciences Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The food and nutrition situation in Burkina Faso, like most developing countries in sub-Saharan Africa, is marked by growing food vulnerability. The majority of local dishes are being abandoned in favor of a minority of imported cereal dishes and other ultra-processed foods. This minority of cereal foods is blamed for stunted growth in children, while ultra-processed foods are linked to chronic diseases such as hypertension, certain types of diabetes and cancer. Knowledge of the nutritional value of local foods is needed to determine their nutritional quality. The aim of this study was to determine the nutritional values of local dishes based on millet, sorghum and cowpea in the Centre-North region. The methodology consisted of making an inventory of millet-, sorghum- and cowpea-based dishes using focus groups made up of women and men from three age groups comprising young people, adults and the elderly in the communes of Lebda and Boussouma. The dishes were reproduced, and standard biochemical methods were used for nutritional characterization. A total of 34 dishes were inventoried, including 16 millet/sorghum-based dishes, 8 cowpea-based dishes and 10 dishes composed of millet/sorghum and cowpea or leaves. The mean protein, carbohydrate, ash and iron contents per 100 g DM of the three types of dishes were significantly different (p ≤ 0.05), ranging respectively from 13.61 to 22.63 g, 70.76 to 80.88 g, 1.87 to 5.96 g and 7.67 to 12.06 mg. Those for lipid, energy and zinc were not significantly different, ranging from 5.51 to 6.56 g, from 427 to 433 Kcal and from 2.98 to 3.32 mg respectively. Cowpea-based and mixed dishes cover the nutritional requirements for protein, carbohydrates, iron, zinc and energy recommended for children and adults. The consumption of mixed dishes and cowpea-based dishes could be promoted by nutritional policy to reduce stunting and recommended to obese, hypertensive and diabetic people as part of their diet.

关键词： Cereals Legumes Food Nutritional Burkina Faso

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Sorghum Conservation Techniques in Three Agro-Climatic Zones and Their Impact on Food Security in Burkina Faso

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2024年第4期13卷 396-414页

作者： Sibiri Nebié fatoumata Hama-ba baloua Nebié Roger Kaboré Djeneba Konaté Sibiri Bougma Aly Savadogo Department of Food Technology Research Institute of Applied Sciences and Technologies National Centre for Scientific and Technological Research Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Immunology Training and Research Unit in Life and Earth Sciences Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics Bamako Mali MinimSompanga Association Kaya Burkina Faso

The objective of this study was to examine the sorghum preservation techniques in response to climate variability and to evaluate the prevalence of aflatoxin B1 in selected sorghum stocks in Burkina Faso. The cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of six months, from October 2020 to January 2021. A questionnaire was administered to 450 sorghum farmers in order to ascertain their knowledge and practices with regard to conservation techniques. A total of 23 farmers’ stocks were sampled for the determination of aflatoxin B1 using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method and for the assessment of moisture levels using the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (AOAC) method. A total of five distinct preservation techniques were identified. The most frequently utilized techniques were straw loft (49.2%) as a storage structure, pallets (36.69%) as the structure’s internal management, plastic bags (40.42%) as packaging material, panicles (64.3%) as a form of storage, and chemical products (15.22%) as preservatives. Three biotic constraints were identified: insect (51.18%), rodent (30.14%), and mold (15.38%). Three significant abiotic constraints were identified: humidity (44.6%), lack of hygiene (15.2%), and grain immaturity (10.2%). A comparative analysis reveals that the majority of these techniques and constraints exhibit notable differences between climatic zones, largely due to the influence of climatic variability. The aflatoxin B1 level exhibited considerable variation, ranging from 0 µg/kg to 2.07 ± 0.08 µg/kg DM. Of the analyzed stocks, 38% were found to be contaminated. Abiotic and biotic factors exert influence on sorghum stocks. Chemical agents are employed for their protection, and contamination by aflatoxin B1 is a further issue. However, the levels of contamination observed are not cause for concern.

关键词： Climate Storage Sorghum Aflatoxin B1 Burkina Faso

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Factors Associated with Exclusive Breastfeeding among Mothers of Children Aged 0 to 12 Months and Father’s Perceptions of Exclusive Breastfeeding Practice in the Central Region of Burkina Faso: Case of the Boulmiougou Health District

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第11期15卷 1106-1122页

作者： Ines Wendlassida Zaheira Kere fatoumata Hama-ba Souleymane Sankara Sibiri Bougma bassibila Zoungrana Moussa Ouedraogo Aly Savadogo Laboratoire de Biochimie et Immunologie Appliques Dpartement de Biochimie et Microbiologie Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Dpartement Technologie Alimentaire Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliques et Technologies Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ministre de la sant et de lHygine Publique Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Neonatal mortality remains a major concern in West Africa, and exclusive breastfeeding is recognized as a crucial intervention to promote newborn survival. This study aims to identify the factors influencing the practice of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers, as well as the perceptions of fathers, in the Boulmiougou health district. Method: This cross-sectional mixed study was conducted between May and July 2022, involving 471 mothers and 103 fathers of children under one year of age. Questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data. Results: The practice of exclusive breastfeeding was observed in 44.6% of mothers surveyed. Logistic regression analysis revealed that mothers older than 26 years have a significantly higher chance of exclusive breastfeeding [adjusted OR = 1.7;95% CI: (1.098 - 2.685);p = 0.019] compared to mothers under 26 years of age. Similarly, mothers with at least three antenatal visits were 2.715 times more likely to perform exclusive breastfeeding than those with less than three antenatal visits [adjusted OR = 2.715, 95% CI: (1.184 - 6.225);p = 0.018]. The vast majority of fathers (76.7%) were informed about exclusive breastfeeding, and 59.5% had a correct definition. The analysis of the father’s perception highlighted a stronger focus on traditional practices in 90.3% of cases than on medical recommendations. Conclusion: In light of these results, it is essential to increase sessions to raise awareness and involve men throughout pregnancy, childbirth and early childhood monitoring about the many benefits of exclusive breastfeeding.

关键词： Exclusive Breastfeeding Knowledge and Practices Related Factors Mothers and Fathers Burkina Faso

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Impact of Health and Nutrition Interventions in the Prevention and Recovery of Child Malnutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa from 2010 to 2020: Review Article

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Health 2022年第7期14卷 810-831页

作者： Sibiri Bougma fatoumata Hama-ba Franck Garanet Jeanne d’Arc Wendmintiri Kabre Flibert Guira Hama Cissé bakary Tarnagda Souleymane Zio Aly Savadogo Département Technologie Alimentaire Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT) Centre National de Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Département de Biochimie et Microbiologie Laboratoire de Biochimie et Immunologie Appliquée (LaBIA) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Département Biomédical et Santé Publique Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS) Centre National de Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Département Agroalimentaire Centre Universitaire Polytechnique de Gaoua Burkina Faso

Malnutrition is still a widespread public health problem worldwide. The objective of this review is to identify the most effective nutrition programs used in the prevention and management of child malnutrition in children under five years. Also, it is to suggest courses of action to improve interventions in the fight against malnutrition. The promotion of exclusive breastfeeding and food diversification improves the mothers’ knowledge and contributes to prevention of malnutrition. Food supplementation increases the weight/height ratio of malnourished children. The two programs combined bring better results on mothers’ feeding practices and children’s anthropometric data. This review has highlighted the importance of food supplementation and nutritional education in the management and prevention of child malnutrition. In addition, the combination of several approaches to good dietary practices brings better results. Finally, primary prevention can protect children from the harmful consequences of malnutrition.

关键词： Malnutrition Nutritional Education Breastfeeding Supplementation

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Epidemiological Aspects of Burnout Among Physicians at the University Hospital Centers (CHU) of Dakar, Senegal

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第S2期14卷 528-540页

作者： El Hadji Makhtar ba Bocar baïla Diédhiou Sokhna Seck Momar Camara fatoumata ba Cinthia Déo-Gracias Sènami Houenassou Jean Augustin Diégane Tine Khadim Fall Mbayang Ndiaye Mor Ndiaye Aida Sylla Psychiatry Department FMPO UCAD Dakar Senegal Occupational Medicine Department FMPO UCAD Dakar Senegal Department of Psychiatry and Human Physiology Universit Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Senegal Institut de Recherche en Psychopathologie ISED Dakar Sngal Psychiatry Department Hpital Militaire de This This Sngal Psychiatry Department Hpital Militaire de Ouakam Dakar Senegal

Objectives: To assess the socio-professional determinants of burnout among the medical staff of Dakar University Hospitals. The aim was to propose effective means of prevention. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study of physicians in permanent contact with patients at the Fann and Aristide Le Dantec teaching hospitals in Dakar, Senegal. Results: A total of 159 doctors were included in the study, with a sex ratio (M/F) of 1.3 in favor of men. The prevalence of burnout was 91.8%. Burnout was significantly associated (p Conclusion: Burnout is a threat to doctors at university hospitals in Senegal. It has several determinants linked above all to work organization. It is essential to set up psychological support units in hospitals and integrate occupational medicine into various organizational processes.

关键词： Burn Out Physicians Work Organization Mental Health Senegal

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Multi-Step Clustering of Smart Meters Time Series:Application to Demand Flexibility Characterization of SME Customers

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 869-907页

作者： Santiago bañales Raquel Dormido Natividad Duro Department of Computer Sciences and Automatic Control Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia(UNED)Madrid28040Spain Iberdrola Innovation Middle East Doha210177Qatar

Customer segmentation according to load-shape profiles using smart meter data is an increasingly important application to vital the planning and operation of energy systems and to enable citizens’participation in the energy *** study proposes an innovative multi-step clustering procedure to segment customers based on load-shape patterns at the daily and intra-daily time *** meter data is split between daily and hourly normalized time series to assess monthly,weekly,daily,and hourly seasonality patterns *** dimensionality reduction implicit in the splitting allows a direct approach to clustering raw daily energy time series *** intraday clustering procedure sequentially identifies representative hourly day-unit profiles for each customer and the entire *** the first time,a step function approach is applied to reduce time series *** attributes embedded in surveys are employed to build external clustering validation metrics using Cramer’s V correlation factors and to identify statistically significant determinants of load-shape in energy *** addition,a time series features engineering approach is used to extract 16 relevant demand flexibility indicators that characterize customers and corresponding clusters along four different axes:available Energy(E),Temporal patterns(T),Consistency(C),and Variability(V).The methodology is implemented on a real-world electricity consumption dataset of 325 Small and Medium-sized Enterprise(SME)customers,identifying 4 daily and 6 hourly easy-to-interpret,well-defined *** application of the methodology includes selecting key parameters via grid search and a thorough comparison of clustering distances and methods to ensure the robustness of the *** research can test the scalability of the methodology to larger datasets from various customer segments(households and large commercial)and locations with different weather and socioeconomic conditio

关键词： Electric load clustering load profiling smart meters machine learning data mining demand flexibility demand response

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Abrasive wear behavior of functionally graded Al_(3)Ti reinforced aluminum matrix composite

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China Foundry 2025年第1期22卷 45-54页

作者： Eylül Tuğçe Yaman Yildiz Ömer Savaş Muhammed Soner başer Engin Kocaman Ince Shipping Group 34724IstanbulTurkey Yildiz Technical University Faculty of Naval Architecture and Maritime34349IstanbulTurkey Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure General Directorate of Marine Affairs06338AnkaraTurkey Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University Faculty of EngineeringDepartment of Aerospace Engineering67100ZonguldakTurkey

Aluminum alloys are widely used in industry due to their light *** alloys are generally exposed to abrasive wear,which diminishes their effective *** wear resistance of these alloys is enhanced by adding various reinforcements,however,this enhancement comes at the cost of reduced fracture *** paradox of increased wear resistance versus decreased fracture toughness in aluminum alloys can be resolved by using functionally graded materials (FGMs).This study focuses on the abrasive wear behavior of functional graded aluminum matrix composites reinforced with Al_(3)Ti *** wear properties of the composites were investigated by considering the characteristics of the composite such as matrix type and various composite zones,as well as the wear parameters such as abrasive particle diameter,load,sliding speed and *** method was used in the abrasive wear tests in order to get more reliable results in a timeefficient *** recipes were created based on the L_(27)(3^(6)) orthogonal *** a result of the study,it is observed that the wear resistance of the composites increases with an increase in Al_(3)Ti reinforcement content and hardness of the *** addition,the size of abrasive particles and the applied load are significant factors affecting abrasive wear.

关键词： functionally graded Al_(3)Ti Taguchi abrasive wear

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Causes and Prognoses of Acute Fever in Children Aged 0 - 15 Who Are Hospitalized in the Department of Pediatrics at the University Hospital (UH) Gabriel Touré, bamako-Mali

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2025年第1期15卷 10-20页

作者： fatoumata Léonie F. Diakité Mariam Kané Guediouma Dembélé Leyla B. Maiga Niomo Kountao Nouhoum L. Traoré Fatou Magané Lala N. Sidibé Traoré Hawa Mady Niakaté Tiaria Sanogo Marianne Djouell Hawa G. Diall Djénèba Konaté Belco Maiga Karamoko Sacko Abdoul K. Doumbia Souleymane Sagara Abdoul Aziz Diakité fatoumata Dicko Perinatal Clinic Mohammed VI Bamako Mali Central Directorate of the Army Health Service Kati Mali Reference Health Center of the District IV Bamako Mali Department of Pediatrics of the University Hospital Center Gabriel Tour Bamako Mali

Fever is the primary reason for consultation and admission to pediatric emergency departments. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, etiological and prognostic aspects of acute fever in children aged 0 - 15 years. Patients and Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study from April 1, 2021 to March 31, 2022 and affected all children aged 0 to 15 years old with a temperature of 39˚C or higher (≥), having less than five days and hospitalized in the pediatric department of the Gabriel Touré University Hospital. Results: During the study period, 150 children were included, the sex-ratio was 0.85. Children aged 0 - 5 years represented 71.4% of the sample. References represented more than half of the sample, or 58% of cases. Body temperature was above 40˚C in 18.7% of cases. Functional signs were dominated by respiratory signs in 28% and digestive signs in 18%. Clinical pallor was found in 55.3% of children associated with signs of respiratory struggle in 70% of cases and tachycardia in 40% of patients. Anemia was present in 65.3% of patients. Hyperleucocytosis and leukopenia were found in 45.3% and 43.3% of patients respectively. The C-reactive protein was positive in 44.7% of patients and Cytobacteriological Examination and Chemistry of Cerebrospinal Fluid was positive in 8.7% of cases. The thick drop was positive in 44.7% of patients and blood cultures grew in 6 patients. Etiology was dominated by severe malaria 54 cases (36%), pneumonia (19.3%), meningitis (12.6%), and in those under one month it was bacterial neonatal infection (8.6%). In our study, slightly more than one patient out of three died during hospitalization, 36% (54 cases/150) and among these 70% (38 cases/54) were under 5 years old. The most lethal pathologies were severe malaria (36%), bacterial pneumonia (19.3%), meningitis (12.6%), bacterial neonatal infections (8.6%) and measles complicated by pneumonia (5.3%). Mortality during hospitalization was 36% of deaths (54 out of 150

关键词： Acute Fever Aspects Clinical Etiological and Prognostic Children Mali

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Capsaicin(CAP) exerts a protective effect against ethanol-induced oxidative gastric mucosal injury by modulating the chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4)/Src/p47phox signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2025年第2期23卷 191-202页

作者： Zhiru Yang Haolin Guo Pengfei Zhang Kairui Liu Junli ba Xue bai Shiti Shama Bo Zhang Xiaoning Gao Jun Kang School of Life Sciences Tianjin University School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Tianjin Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Evaluation and Inspection Center Institute for TCM-X MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics Bioinformatics Division BNRist Department of Automation Tsinghua University Institute of Biomedical Research Henan Academy of Sciences

Ethanol(EtOH) is a common trigger for gastric mucosal diseases, and mitigating oxidative stress is essential for attenuating gastric mucosal damage. Capsaicin(CAP) has been identified as a potential agent to counteract oxidative damage in the gastric mucosa; however, its precise mechanism remains unclear. This study demonstrates that CAP alleviates EtOH-induced gastric mucosal injuries through two primary pathways: by suppressing the chemokine receptor 4(CCR4)/Src/p47phox axis, thereby reducing oxidative stress, and by inhibiting the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB p65(NF-κB) p65, resulting in diminished inflammatory responses. These findings elucidate the mechanistic pathways of CAP and provide a theoretical foundation for its potential therapeutic application in the treatment of gastric mucosal injuries.

关键词： Capsaicin Chemokine signaling Gastric mucosal damage NF-κB p65

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