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Domestic Accidents in Under-Fives: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Outcomes

Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第5期12卷 726-736页

作者： Florent Tshibwid A. Zeng Papa Alassane Mbaye Doudou gueye Papa Mamadou Ndoye Ibrahima Bocar Wellé Ndeye fatou Seck Mbaye Fall Ndeye Aby Ndoye Aloïse Sagna Oumar Ndour Gabriel Ngom Department of Pediatric Surgery Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital Centre Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Department of Pediatric Surgery Aristide Le Dantec University Teaching Hospital Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Domestic accidents are a public health problem, and under-fives are particularly affected. We report these accidents’ epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and outcomes through this study. Patients and Methods: We conducted a prospective descriptive study for four months in the Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital Center pediatric surgery department in Dakar, Senegal. Of the 149 cases of domestic accidents, 109 were included in this study. Results: Infants (59.6%) were the most affected, with a slight male predominance (50.5%). Accidents occurred on Tuesday in 22.9% of cases and the afternoon in 38.5% of cases. Playing (59.6%) was the main activity, and falling (44%) was the most found mechanism. 78.9% of accidents occurred in the house, with the bedroom (27.5%) being the most represented place. In most cases (67.9%), the consultation was done within the first 24 hours. The upper limbs (48.6%) were the most affected, and fractures (31.2%) were the most frequent injuries. The outcomes were unremarkable in 94.5% of cases, as complications occurred in five patients with three who had an infection, one a persistent limping, and the last, a dental avulsion. No mortality was recorded. Conclusion: Domestic accidents among under-fives are frequent in our environment. Compared to those in older children, they occur similarly in both sexes, more often in the bedroom, and have a better prognosis.

关键词： Domestic Accidents Under-Fives Infants Preschool Children Senegal

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Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Chronic Constipation in Senegalese Children

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第6期13卷 921-928页

作者： Abou Ba Aliou Thiongane Ndeye fatou Sow Babacar Niang Younoussa Keïta fatou Ly Ousmane N’diaye Service de pédiatrie centre hospitalier national Dalal Jamm Dakar Senegal Centre hospitalier national d’enfants Albert Royer Dakar Senegal Service de pédiatrie centre hospitalier Abass Ndao Dakar Senegal Service de pédiatrie centre hospitalier national de Pikine Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Constipation is the infrequent emission of hard stools. It is common, most often of functional origin, with a prevalence ranging from 0.7% to 29.6%. The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of constipation in children undergoing paediatric gastroenterology. Methodology: This was a bi-centric retrospective study carried out at the Albert Royer Children’s Hospital and the Dalal Jamm Hospital Pediatrics Department. Children followed in the pediatric gastroenterology consultation during the period from January 1, 2013 to February 29, 2020 were included. Results: A total of 337 children (205 boys;60.83%) were included, representing a prevalence of 25%. The median age was 3 years 6 months. The 13 - 24 months age group was the most frequent (27.6%). Rare stools were the main reason for consultation (92.8%). Rare stools were noted in 92.88% of cases. Bristol types 1 and 2 accounted for 6.53% and 54.60% respectively. The main associated signs were abdominal pain (29.4%), followed by abdominal bloating (20.96%). Abdominal pain was functional in 73.58% of cases. Under treatment, 90.19% of children had a favorable outcome. Conclusion: Constipation is common in Senegalese children with a prevalence close to that reported in Western countries. In most case, it is functional with good prognostic.

关键词： Children Chronic Constipation Bristol Scale Dakar Hirschsprung Disease

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Efficacy and Risk Factors Associated to Resistance to Single-Agent Chemotherapy in Low-Risk Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2016年第1期6卷 50-55页

作者： Mamour gueye Mame Diarra Ndiaye-gueye Serigne Modou Kane-gueye fatou Niass Dia Aissatou Thiam Sr. Elisabeth Diouf Jean Charles Moreau Gynecologic and Obstetric Clinic Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Objectives: This study aimed to assess efficacy of intramuscular methotrexate 8-day protocol in the treatment of low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia and also identify prognostic factors associated with treatment failure, necessitating second line chemotherapy. Methods: This study was performed at Gynaecologic and Obstetric Clinic of Dakar Teaching Hospital, the reference Centre of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease in Senegal. At the beginning of 2011, patients were followed according to FIGO’s recommendations. From 2011 to 2014, we diagnosed 88 low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) patients (WHO score < 7). Low-risk patients started their treatment with methotrexate (MTX) based on the 8-day protocol consisting of 1 mg/kg MTX in combination with 0.1 mg/kg folinic acid (FA) every other day. Resistance to treatment was the main outcome. We studied the association of different prognostic factors included in the World Health Organisation (WHO) scoring system and resistance to the initial single agent chemotherapy. Results: Eighty-eight patients were diagnosed for GTN during the study period. Average age was 31 years. The antecedent pregnancy was molar in 98.1% of cases. Seventy-four patients underwent remission after single agent-chemotherapy. Resistance rate to single-agent chemotherapy was 15.9% (14 patients). Nine of them achieved remission after second line chemotherapy. WHO score was significantly associated with the risk of resistance to single-agent chemotherapy. Other variables included in the WHO as age, antecedent pregnancy, pre-treatment hCG, tumour size and FIGO stage were not significantly associated with resistance. We report five fatal cases. Conclusion: The 8-day protocol consisting of 1 mg/kg MTX in combination with 0.1 mg/kg folinic acid (FA) every other day is effective for women with LRGTN. The only significant prognostic factor for failure is pretreatment WHO score. We highly recommend the use of this protocol particularly in de

关键词： Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia Chemotherapy International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Resistance

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Association between Uric Acid and Metabolic Syndrome in Homozygous Sickle Cell Patients

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2021年第3期11卷 142-148页

作者： Kandji Pape Matar Djite Moustapha Barry Nene Oumou Kesso Sagne Rene Ngor Thioune Ndeye Mareme Mbacke Ndoumbé Mame Ndour El Hadji Malick gueye-tall fatou Lopez-Sall Philomene Cisse Aynina Diop Pape Amadou gueye Papa Madieye Laboratory of Biochemistry-Hematology National University Hospital of Fann Dakar Senegal Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

The objective of this study was to assess the association between uric acid and the metabolic syndrome and its components in homozygous sickle cell patients. This is a prospective case/control study of sickle cell SS patients. Each patient was matched to a control of the same sex and age ± 2 years. In our framework, we used the criteria for defining metabolic syndrome according to International Diabetes Federation (IDF) 2009. Assay of all biological parameters was performed with the ARCHITECT ci4100, Abbot (Chicago, Illinois, USA). Data were collected with Excel 2016 software and statistical analysis was done using XLSTAT 2019 software. Student’s T test was used to compare means and a p-

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Factors Predisposing and Triggering the Phenomenon of Shrinkage-Swelling of Clay Soils in the Urban Center of Diamniadio

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Geomaterials 2023年第2期13卷 23-34页

作者： Khadim Faye fatou Samb Pape Sanou Faye Yves Berthaud Laboratoire de Mécanique et Modélisation UFR Sciences de l’Ingénieur UIDT Thiès Sénégal UFR Sciences et Technologies Université Iba Der Thiam de Thiès Thiès Sénégal

The phenomena of shrinkage and swelling of clay induce damage to housing structures every year. Precipitation, climatic changes and drought are the cause of wall cracks due to subsidence or swelling of the supporting soil. This movement alters the balance between the soil and the structures. To explain this defection, the soil is made up of three elements: the solid, the liquid and the gas. Sometimes in a natural way or following a human intervention, one of these elements undergoes an abnormal variation that causes the loss of the balance between land and works. It is in this sense that this article deals on the one hand with the factors of predisposition and triggering of the phenomena of shrinkage-swelling of the clay soils of Diamniadio and on the other hand, the factors of aggravation linked to the lithological heterogeneity and the variation in the thickness of the layers susceptible to shrinkage-swelling. The studies carried out have enabled a deeper understanding of the behavior of expansive soils following their interactions with climate, vegetation, hydrology, hydrogeology, constructions among others, but also the influence of lateral and vertical variations of fine soil facies.

关键词： Swelling Clays Expansive Soil Shrinkage-Swelling Desiccation Cracks Diamniadio

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Management and Outcome of Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction in Senegalese Children

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Open Journal of Urology 2022年第11期12卷 549-555页

作者： Ibrahima Bocar Wellé Ndeye Aby Ndoye Papa Alassane Mbaye Doudou gueye Ndeye fatou Seck Faty Balla Lo Lissoune Cissé Anderson Safari Kibanja Florent Tshibwid A. Zeng Youssouph Diedhiou Aloï se Sagna Oumar Ndour Gabriel Ngom Department of Pediatric Surgery Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital Centre Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Department of Pediatric Surgery Aristide Le Dantec University Teaching Hospital Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal

Introduction: The ureteropelvic junction obstruction is a rare congenital malformation of the upper urinary tract. We report its management and outcome at Senegal’s main pediatric surgical department. Patients and Methods: We conducted a descriptive review of all patients managed in our pediatric surgical department at Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital Centre from January 1st, 2013 to December 31st, 2017. Results: Thirty patients were included in our study. The mean age was three years. Males were more affected (sex ratio of 2.75). The prenatal diagnosis was made in 23% of cases using prenatal ultrasonography. An abdominal mass was the circumstance of discovery in 36% of cases, and lumbar contact and renal sloshing were found in 66% of cases. There was no renal function impairment in 93% of cases. Urinary tract infection occurred in 50% of cases. Ultrasonography (100%) and urinary computed tomography (56%) were used to diagnose. A temporary nephrostomy was performed in 23% of cases, and as definitive treatment, an open Anderson-Hynes procedure was performed in 96% as a nephrectomy was made in a patient. Early postoperative complications were encountered in 56% of cases: urinary tract infection (36%), surgical site infection and anastomotic stenosis (6% both), and urinoma and textiloma (both in 3%). A patient died from sepsis. After a mean follow-up of 12 months, no additional complication was reported. Conclusion: Ureteropelvic junction obstruction was frequently diagnosed late, and its management carried unneglectable morbidity in our environment. A laparoscopic approach would be a solution to improve its outcome.

关键词： Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Management Outcome Children Senegal

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High Blood Pressure and Pregnancy: Epidemiological, Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Prognostic Aspects at the Maternity Unit of the Institute of Social Hygiene of Dakar (Senegal)

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2023年第4期11卷 140-150页

作者： Mouhamadou Mansour Niang fatou Samb Kevin Nkondjio Cheikh Tidiane Cisse Gynecology-Obstetrics Department Hospital Institute of Social Hygiene of Dakar Dakar Senegal

Objectives: To specify the epidemiological and clinical profile of the patients, to determine the methods of management and to evaluate the maternal and perinatal prognosis in the association of arterial hypertension and pregnancy (HTA) at the Institute of Social Hygiene of Dakar. Material and Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study on the management of the association of hypertension and pregnancy in the maternity ward of the Institute of Social Hygiene of Dakar between January 1st, 2019 and on December 31st, 2020. Results: During the study period, we recorded 326 cases of hypertension associated with pregnancy among the 4290 pregnant women, i.e. a frequency of 7.6%. The epidemiological profile of the patients was that of a woman with an average age of 29, nulliparous (48.2%), married (99.1%), at a low socioeconomic level (61.3%) and with a personal history preeclampsia (14.4%). Most patients (83.1%) were evacuated or referred with pre-ec- lampsia as the main reason (40.8%). The average gestational age was 37 weeks of amenorrhea (SA) with extremes of 20 SA 6 days and 41 SA 5 days. Term pregnancies were the most represented (76.7%). Prenatal follow-up (CPN) was carried out in 319 patients (97.8%) with an average number of CPN of 3 and extremes of 1 and 9. Severe diastolic and severe systolic hypertension concerned respectively 19.3% and 16, 9% of patients. One hundred and eighty patients (55.2%) presented with oliguria. Strip albuminuria was performed in 235 patients (72.1%). It found 3 or more crosses in 38.3% of cases. We recorded 53 cases of anemia (16.3%), 16 cases of significant proteinuria (5%), hepatic cytolysis in 22 patients (6.7%), thrombocytopenia in 37 patients (11.3%), and 43 cases of hyperuricaemia (13.2%). Obstetric ultrasound found 36 cases of severe oligohydramnios (11%), 8 twin pregnancies (2.4%) and an umbilical Doppler anomaly in 10 patients (3.1%). Pre-eclampsia was the most common clinical form

关键词： HTA Pregnancy Preeclampsia Caesarean Section Prematurity

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Study and Comparison of Swelling and Compressibility Characteristics of Crumb Marl, Flaky Marl with Attapulgite and Sandy Clay from the Diamniadio Urban Pole at the Oedometer

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Geomaterials 2023年第3期13卷 61-70页

作者： Khadim Faye fatou Samb Yves Berthaud Pape Sanou Faye Laboratoire de Mécanique et Modélisation UFR Sciences de l'Ingénieur UIDT Thiès Sénégal UFR Sciences et Technologies Université Iba Der Thiam de Thiès Sénégal

In Senegal, the Diamniadio, Sebikhotane and Bargny sector contains clay soils that are problematic for construction. In order to have more information on the behavior of the clay soils of Diamniadio, free swelling tests followed by load-discharge cycles were carried out according to standard NF P 94-090-1. These tests were carried out using an Oedometric device on the three samples from the study site (sandy clays with calcareous concretion, marls with crumbs and laminated marls with attapulgite) to apprehend their swelling aspects in saturated conditions. For the free swelling test, a determination of the different swelling phases will be carried out followed by a comparison of the rate of evolution of the phases for the three samples from the site. In the same vein, the compressibility characteristics of the samples will also be provided from load-unload Oedometric tests. Thereafter, we proceed to a comparison of the void index at the initial state of the samples after two charge-discharge cycles and the influence of the cycles on the reorganization of the internal structure of the samples. These studies will provide more information on the swelling behavior of Diamniadio soils in the presence of water.

关键词： Clay Swelling Expansive Soil Evolution of The Swelling Compressibility Coefficient Charge-Discharge Cycle

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Sanitary Evacuations at the Maternity Unit of the Social Hygiene Institute (IHS) in Dakar in 2020

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2023年第4期11卷 151-158页

作者： Mouhamadou Mansour Niang Mohamaed Amine Inzale fatou Samb Cheikh Tidiane Cisse Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics Hospital Institute of Social Hygiene of Dakar Dakar Senegal

Objective: Determine the frequency of evacuations, specify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the evacuees, evaluate the data of the evacuation, the management and the maternal-fetal prognosis. Methods: Prospective and descriptive retrospective study concerning obstetrical evacuations received at the maternity ward of the Hospital of the Institute of Social Hygiene in Dakar between January 1 and December 31, 2020, i.e. a period of 12 months. Results: During the study period, we collected 1156 evacuees out of a total of 3507 patients treated in the Service, i.e. a frequency of 33%. The average age of the patients was 27.07 years with extremes of 14 and 46 years. Patients aged between 20 and 29 were the most represented (51.73%). The average parity was 1.6 with extremes of 0 and 10 pares. The nulliparous (46.37%) were the majority. The majority of evacuated patients (99.6%) resided in the Dakar region, including 58% in the suburbs and 42% in the city center. The patients received had performed an average of 3 prenatal consultations with extremes ranging from 0 to 9 CPN. They most often came from health centers (55.05%) or hospitals (29.09%). The reasons for evacuations were dominated by dystocia (21.54%) followed by premature rupture of membranes (17.21%) and premature deliveries (16.35%). On admission, only 176 patients (15.2%) had an evacuation sheet. Patients transited on average through two health structures (extremes ranging from 0 to 7 structures) before reaching the reception structure. The evacuation was most often done with a private vehicle on the patient’s own means (91.96%). The outcome of the evacuees was most often vaginal delivery or hospitalization (72.79%). The majority of patients (99.4%) had evolved favorably but we deplore one maternal death (0.09%) linked to a late puerperal infection. We recorded 74 perinatal deaths and 1041 live births, i.e. a stillbirth rate of 71.1‰ live births. The causes of death were dominated by prematurit

关键词： Obstetrical Evacuations Institute of Social Hygiene Maternal-Fetal Prognosis

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<i>Nymphaea lotus</i>L. and <i>Nymphaea micrantha</i>Guill. et Perr Seeds as Cereal Substitute in the Delta of Senegal River

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2020年第5期11卷 375-384页

作者： fatou Kine gueye Nicolas Cyrille Ayessou Mame Samba Mbaye Michel Bakar Diop Mady Cissé Kandioura Noba Laboratoire de Botanique-Biodiversité Biologie Végétale University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Laboratoire d’Electrochimie et des Procédés Membranaires/Centre d’Etudes sur la Sécurité Alimentaire et les Molécules Fonctionnelles-Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Unité de formation et de Recherche des Sciences Agronomiques de l’Aquaculture et des Technologies Alimentaires University Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Senegal

Studies conducted in the delta and lower valley of Senegal river have demonstrated through ethnobotanical surveys, the importance of Nymphaea lotus L. and Nymphaea micrantha Guill. et Perr in the diet and in the pharmacopoeia. The seeds are used with good appreciation by the indigenous population as a welding food. But studies addressing their biochemical and nutritional aspects are still very rare in the literature. This study was initiated in order to fill this gap and allow a better appreciation of the nutritional and energetic potentialities of these seeds. For this purpose, seeds were collected in effluent from the Senegal River, dried in the shade and put into three different batches: a batch of red seeds of N. lotus, a batch of Black seeds of N. lotus and a batch of seeds of N. micrantha. The biochemical analyses gave their moisture content (9.17% ± 0.2% to 13.36% ± 3.46%), aw (0.46% to 0.71%), protein (7.90% ± 1.25% to 8.24% ± 0.5%), lipid (2.32% ± 0.45% to 4.29% ± 1.0%), carbohydrate (74.49% ± 0.9% and 77.66% ± 1.65%), mineral matter (1.77% ± 0.06% to 2.55% ± 0.08%). All three types of seeds have high levels of potassium (481.10% ± 17.62% to 770.81% ± 42.33%), magnesium (312.71% ± 14.08% to 518.67% ± 15.23%) and calcium (188.81% ± 8.52% to 296.52% ± 16%. Their energy values (350.54 ± 15.21 kcal/100g to 375.7 ± 3.48 Kcal/100g), are closed to other cereals consumed in the human diet in Senegal. Therefore, these seeds offer the opportunity to diversify the diet in the delta and lower valley of the Senegal River.

关键词： Nymphaea Seeds Nutritional Value Senegal

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