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Screening of Myocardial Cardiotoxicity Induced by Anticancer Chemotherapy and the Importance of Global Longitudinal Strain

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第6期14卷 381-391页

作者： Marguerite Téning Diouf fatou aw Hussein Khadra Sophie Ba Doudou Diouf Michel Ngonar Sarr Joseph Salvador Mingou Malick Ndiaye Simon Antoine Sarr Momar Dioum Aliou Alassane Ngaide Serigne Mor Beye Simon Manga Alain Affangla Youssou Diouf Khadimu Rassoul Diop Malick Bodian Mohamed Leye Mouhamadou Bamba Ndiaye Alassane Mbaye Adama Kane Maboury Diao Abdoul Kane Cardiology Department of the Dalal Jamm Hospital Dakar Senegal Cardiology Department Hospital Aristide Le Dantec Dakar Senegal Cardiology Department Hospital Fann Dakar Senegal UFR2S Saint Louis Saint Louis Senegal UFR Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Senegal Training and Research in Health Sciences Unit University of Thies Thies Senegal Cardiology Department Hospital General Idrissa Pouye Dakar Senegal

Introduction: The improvement of survival in patients with cancer and the expansion of therapeutic options have led to the emergence of a new profile of cardiotoxicity, specifically associated with antimitotic agents. Our study aimed to assess the incidence of chemotherapy-induced myocardial toxicity in patients with cancer. Patients and Methods: We conducted a looking-forward longitudinal cohort study including all patients admitted to the Cardiology departments of Aristide le Dantec Hospital and Dalal Jamm National Hospital Centre for apre-chemotherapy check-up. The included patients did not undergo any pre-existing cardiopathy. Results: Over a period of two years ranging from January 2019 to December 2021, a total of 37 patients were included in the study. Notably, there was a female predominance (92%) with an average age of 49.7 years ± 13.69. Breast cancer accounted for 70% of the neoplasms. Laboratory findings revealed moderate anemia in 19 patients (51%). At inclusion, the left ventricle (LV) was of normal size (LV diastole at 44.46 ± 4.97 mm). The systolic function of the left ventricle was normal in all patients, with an average ejection fraction (EF) of 63.1% ± 5.80 and a mean global longitudinal strain (GLS) of −20.4% ± 2.58. The most commonly used agents were anthracyclines. During follow-up, 3 patients (8.1%) developed clinical symptoms of left heart failure, and LV dysfunction on echocardiography was observed in 5 (13.5%) patients, with a significant decrease in EF Conclusion: The incidence of cardiac toxicity is not negligible, hence the importance of early screening. Strain imaging is an essential tool that should be performed as part of the assessment before chemotherapy and re-evaluated during treatment.

关键词： Cancer Chemotherapy Global Longitudinal Strain Cardiotoxicity

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Totally Occluded Coarctation of the Aorta in a Young Adult

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第4期14卷 282-287页

作者： Marguerite Téning Diouf Mohamed Leye Joseph Salvator Mingou aw fatou Ndeye Faye Sy Aimé Mbaye Malick Bodian Aliou Alassane Ngaidé Abdoul Kane Cardiology Dalal Jamm Hospital Dakar Senegal Training and Research in Health Sciences Unit University of Thi&#232s Thi&#232s Senegal Cardiology Department Hospital Aristide Le Dantec Dakar Senegal

We report the case of a 20-year-old female patient presenting with a totally occluded coarctation of the aorta. The patient was admitted for the evaluation of resistant grade III high blood pressure. The physical examination revealed a blood pressure gradient between the upper and lower limbs, absent femoral pulses, a diffuse continuous murmur over the chest, and hyperpulsatility of the carotid arteries and sternal notch. A transthoracic echocardiography outlined a narrowing in the caliber of the isthmic aorta without acceleration of flow or gradient. Thoracic CT angiography revealed a complete aortic coarctation with interruption of continuity between segment 3 and the descending aorta.

关键词： Coarctation of Aorta Complete Aortic Occlusion High Blood Pressure Adult

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Hydrogeochemical Characterization of Aquifer Systems and Surface Water/Groundwater Relations in the Lower Senegal River Valley

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第6期12卷 232-254页

作者： Abibatou Camara fatou Diop Ngom Moctar Diaw Cheikh Tidiane Wade Ibrahima Mall Department of Geology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Department of Applied Geosciences and Environment Amadou Mahtar Mbow University Dakar Senegal

This study assesses the chemical quality of water resources in the Lower Senegal River valley, based on 35 samples collected in November 2022. Major ion concentrations in surface water and groundwater were analyzed using classical geochemical interpretation diagrams (Piper, GIBBS, etc.) and multivariate geostatistical analyses, including hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). The results revealed three types of facies: Ca-Mg-HCO3-type facies, characteristic of poorly mineralized waters such as surface waters and groundwater from dune formations and the alluvial plain close to the hydraulic axis;Na-Cl type facies associated with well waters located in the alluvial plain that tap Inchirian or Nouakchottian shallow reservoirs and Maastrichtian deep borehole waters;and mixed Ca-Cl and Na-HCO3 type facies observed in certain floodplain and dune reservoirs. The results showed a strong correlation between sodium, chlorides, bromides, and electrical conductivity, indicating a significant contribution of these ions to groundwater mineralization. The various sources of water mineralization include mixing processes between surface water or rainwater, or calcite or dolomite dissolution processes (for weakly mineralized waters), basic exchanges or inverse basic exchanges between the aquifer and the water table (for moderately mineralized waters), and evaporation processes, halite dissolution, and paleosalinity during periods of marine transgression and regression (for highly mineralized waters). The study also highlighted the high vulnerability of the alluvial aquifer to pollution from intensive irrigated agriculture, as significant quantities of sulfates and nitrates were measured in some samples. These results also highlight the importance of water quality management in the Lower Senegal Valley, particularly as concerns the protection of the alluvial aquifer against pollution from irrigated agriculture.

关键词： Senegal River Valley Groundwater Pollution Agriculture Alluvial Aquifer

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Infantile Spinal Muscular Atrophy at the Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital Center in Dakar

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 514-521页

作者： Guillaye Diagne Khadim Bop Sofiatou Dieye Arame Faye fatou Ly Amadou Lamine Fall Pediatrics Ward of Pikine Hospital Pikine Senegal Pé diatrics Ward of Albert Royer National Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Infantile spinal muscular atrophy (ISA) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by primary degeneration of cells in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, leading to muscle weakness and hypotonia. Its incidence is estimated at 1 in 6000 births worldwide. In Africa, particularly in Senegal, there are few studies interested on this pathology. We therefore deemed this study necessary, which set itself the objective of describing the diagnostic, therapeutic and progressive aspects of infantile spinal muscular atrophy at the Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital Center in Dakar (CHNEAR). Methodology: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study over a period of two (2) years from December 2020 to December 2022. Included were all hospitalized patients in whom the diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy was made with or without genetic confirmation. The data were collected on a pre-established form then entered and analyzed with the following software: Excel 2013 and R version 4.1.3. Results: During our study period, 2100 children were hospitalized, the annual incidence was 0.76%. The average age of our patients was 9 ± 9 months with a range of 3 months to 32 months and the median was 6.5 months. The sex ratio was 7. The notion of family consanguinity was found in 62.5% of cases and the notion of ISA in the family in 25% of cases. Hypotonia and respiratory distress were found at the forefront in equal proportions (50% of cases). Electromyogram (EMG) was performed in 3 patients (37.5%). Symptomatic medical treatment was administered in 100% of patients, 04 patients had benefited from respiratory physiotherapy, i.e. 50% of cases, and genetic counseling was carried out in one patient (12.5%). The evolution was immediately favorable in 2 patients or 25% of cases, unfavorable in 75% of cases with a death rate of 50% and the average age of death was 5.5 months ± 1 with extremes ranging from 3 to 7 months. Conclusion: The number of Infantile spinal muscular atrophy cases remains low in hospitals in Dakar. Diag

关键词： Spinal Muscular Atrophy Child Hypotonia Dakar

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Climate-influenced vector-borne diseases in Africa: a call to empower the next generation of African researchers for sustainable solutions

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-10页

作者： Obame-Nkoghe Judica?l Agossou Adjoavi Esse Mboowa Gerald Kamgang Basile Caminade Cyril Duke Dawn C. Githeko Andrew Karanja Ogega Obed M. Elloué Nestor Engone Sarr fatou Bintou Nkoghe Dieudonné Kengne Pierre Ndam Nicaise T. Paupy Christophe Bockarie Moses Otomo Patricks Voua Community Health Support Program P.O. Box Kisumu Kenya The African Academy of Sciences Nairobi Kenya Center for Phylosophical Studies and Research (CERP) Omar Bongo University (UOB) BP Libreville Gabon UMRED Health Training and Research Unit University of Iba Der Thiam of Thiès BP Thiès Senegal National Parasitic Diseases Control Program Ministry of Health Libreville Gabon MIVEGEC Univ. Montpellier CNRS IRD Montpellier France MERIT IRD Paris Cité University Paris France Department of Parasitology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana LG Accra Ghana School of Community Health Sciences Njala University Bo Sierra Leone Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory (LabMC) Biology Department University of Science and Technology of Masuku BP Franceville Gabon Ecology and Health Research Unit Interdisciplinary Center for Medical Research of Franceville BP Franceville Gabon Department of Zoology and Entomology Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State Private Bag x13 Phuthaditjhaba Republic of South Africa Laboratory of Pharmacology and Improved Traditional Medicines Department of Animal Physiology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi BP Cotonou Benin The African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Data-Intensive Sciences Infectious Diseases Institute College of Health Sciences Makerere University P. O Box Kampala Uganda Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention African Union Commission Roosevelt Street P.O. Box WKAddis Ababa Ethiopia Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases P.O. Box Yaoundé Cameroon Earth System Physics Department The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste Italy Africa Research Excellence Fund Charterhouse Street London EC1MHR UK

We look at the link between climate change and vector-borne diseases in low- and middle-income countries in Africa. The large endemicity and escalating threat of diseases such as malaria and arboviral diseases, intensified by climate change, disproportionately affects vulnerable communities globally. We highlight the urgency of prioritizing research and development, advocating for robust scientific inquiry to promote adaptation strategies, and the vital role that the next generation of African research leaders will play in addressing these challenges. Despite significant challenges such as funding shortages within countries, various pan-African-oriented funding bodies such as the African Academy of Sciences, the Africa Research Excellence Fund, the Wellcome Trust, the U.S. National Institutes of Health, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation as well as initiatives such as the African Research Initiative for Scientific Excellence and the Pan-African Mosquito Control Association, have empowered (or are empowering) these researchers by supporting capacity building activities, including continental and global networking, skill development, mentoring, and African-led research. This article underscores the urgency of increased national investment in research, proposing the establishment of research government agencies to drive evidence-based interventions. Collaboration between governments and scientific communities, sustained by pan-African funding bodies, is crucial. Through these efforts, African nations are likely to enhance the resilience and adaptive capacity of their systems and communities by navigating these challenges effectively, fostering scientific excellence and implementing transformative solutions against climate-sensitive vector-borne diseases.

关键词： Climate change Vector-borne diseases Africa Environmental justice Research and development Pan-African funding initiatives

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Nutritional and Sensory Properties of Penne-Type Pasta Based on Cereals (Oryza sativa (L.), Digitaria exilis, Pennicetum glaucum), Tubers (Ipomoea batata, Manihot esculenta Crantz), and a Legume (Vigna unguiculata (L.))

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 351-360页

作者： Maurice Jean François Sylvestre Lopy Ndèye fatou Ndiaye Malick Mbengue Mamadou Salif Sow Abdou Diouf Department of Cereals and Legumes Institute of Food Technology (ITA) Dakar Senegal Polytechnic School Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional and sensory characteristics of penne-type pasta produced from locally sourced cereals, tubers, and legumes. To achieve this, we formulated four different types of pasta with varying levels of incorporation ranging from 10 to 50% cereals such as millet, fonio, and rice, tubers such as manioc and sweet potato, and legumes such as cowpea. The results showed that the incorporation of local products considerably improved the nutrient content of penne without being rejected by consumers. Sensory analysis showed that the best results were obtained with mixtures of sweet potato, cowpea, and wheat, as well as with rice, manioc, cowpea, and sample wheat. These results are of great importance to manufacturers in a world where developing nutritious and attractive food products is a crucial challenge.

关键词： Pasta Tubers Cereals Legumes

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Clinical Management and Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients with Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: A Prospective Registry Study

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2023年第3期13卷 167-177页

作者： fatou aw Simon Antoine Sarr Joseph Salvador Mingou Mohamed M. C. B. O. Leye Malick Bodian Mouhammadou Bamba Ndiaye Abdoul Kane Maboury Diao Adama Faye Department of Cardiology University Hospital Center Aristide Le Dantec Dakar Senegal Medical Department Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Training and Research in Health Sciences Unit University of Thies Thies Senegal Institute of Health and Development Department of Public Health and Research Support (CHU Fann) Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare pathology in Western countries but is common in Africa. Its progression is highly variable, left ventricular function improves in almost one-third to one-half of patients. In sub-Saharan Africa, there are few prospective cohort studies. We aimed to describe the long-term evolutionary aspects of this pathology in a sub-Saharan African country, so we developed a PPCM registry;here, we present the first results after 2 years of follow-up. Methodology: This work was performed at the cardiology clinic of the Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital of Dakar from January 01, 2017, to January 01, 2021, for a total duration of 4 years. This was an observational, longitudinal prospective study including patients admitted for peripartum cardiomyopathy. Results: During our study, 5372 patients were admitted to the cardiology clinic. Considering the inclusion criteria, 79 patients were consecutively recruited. The mean age was 30.5 ± 6.7 years, ranging from 18 to 42 years. Half of the patients came from rural areas (56.3%), and 78.2% of patients had a low socioeconomic status. Multiparity and twin pregnancies were noted in 72.8% and 20% of the patients, respectively. A total of 91% of patients had advanced NYHA stage 4 heart failure, and 3 patients had cardiogenic shock. Left ventricular dilatation was found in 52 patients, and severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction was found in 50 patients (90.9%). During hospitalization, 19 patients (34.5%) had complications. The evolution in the hospital was favourable in 45 patients (81.8%). The global mortality rate was 7.3% at 2 years. In multivariate analysis, fewer patients with a dilated left ventricle, a severe alteration of the LVEF and an advanced age progressed towards remission. Conclusion: The long-term evolution of PPCM is very variable. Despite a good rate of remission, progression to end-stage heart failure and death is not negligible in cases of advanced maternal age and severe left ventricular impairment.

关键词： Peripartum Cardiomyopathy Pregnancy Cardiovascular Disease Senegal

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Infection in Multiple Myeloma: Microbiological Profile and Prognosis in Senegalese Patients

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 47-58页

作者： Seynabou Fall El Hadj Daouda Niang Khadim Sarr Lolita Mariéme Camara-Tall Modou Moustapha Ciss Amy Thiam Aminata Dakono awa Ndiaye fatou Samba Diago Ndiaye Clinical Hematology Department of Dalal Jamm Hospital Gudiawaye Dakar Sngal Hematology Clinic Unit of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Sngal

Introduction: Infections are additional factors of morbidity and mortality in multiple myeloma (MM), and the current recommendation is antibiotic prophylaxis. In sub-Saharan Africa, few data on infectious complications of MM are available. We aim to describe the microbiological features of infections in MM, and their impact on survival in Senegalese patients. Methods: A retrospective (January 2005-January 2022), analytic, multicenter study on infections in patients followed for MM (IMWG criteria) in Senegalese clinical hematology services. The socio-epidemiological, diagnostic, microbiological, evolutionary and survival aspects were analyzed. Results: The study included 106 patients with multiple myeloma who had an infection at admission or during the treatment. Ten patients have the comorbidity (hypertension, lupus, type 2 diabetes). These patients had 136 infectious events identified at diagnosis (79.2%) or during chemotherapy (20.8%). The sites of infection are lung (42.6%), urinary (29.4%), dermatological (6.6%), digestive (5.2%), osteoarticular (4.4%), ear, nose and throat (3.7%), central nervous system (1.5%), or without site. We recorded 26.4% of patients with multi-site infections. The causal pathogens are bacteria (Gram-negative bacilli: 22.1%;Gram positive bacilli: 9.5%, Mycobacterium tuberculosis: 13.3%), parasitique (plasmodium falciparum 6.6%), viruses (SARS-COV2: 2.9%, VZV: 2.2%) and fungal (2.9%). Survival was reduced in patients who had an infection at the time of multiple myeloma diagnosis (p: 0.189) and those who had multiple infectious foci (p: 0.011). Conclusion: Infections in multiple myeloma are more frequent at diagnosis. The germs are varied and mostly bacteria, particularly gram-negative bacteria, and Kochs bacillus. Our study reveals that multiple infectious foci are a poor prognosis factor. It is necessary to evaluate the infectious risk early, and to adopt an antibiotic prophylaxis based on our tropical environment.

关键词： Multiple Myeloma Infections Tuberculosis Senegal

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Asymptomatic Mitral Regurgitation Caused by an Isolated Mitral Leaflet Cleft in a Young Adult: A Case Report

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2022年第2期12卷 118-122页

作者： Mohamed Leye Serigne Mor Beye Momar Dioum Sarah Mouna Coly Désiré Alain Affangla Djibril Marie Ba fatou aw Khadidiatou Gueye Stéphanie Akani Mouhamadou Bamba Ndiaye Training and Research in Health Sciences Unit University of Thies Thies Senegal Training and Research in Health Sciences Unit University of Saint-Louis Saint Louis Senegal Faculty of Medicine University of Dakar Dakar Senegal

We report the case of an 18-year-old young man without previous medical history, who was referred for evaluation of an asymptomatic cardiac murmur. Physical examination found holosystolic 4-5/6 apical murmur with normal ECG. Bidimensionnal (2D) echocardiography revealed severe mitral regurgitation with thin mitral leaflets. Three dimensional (3D) Echocardiography done for better assessment of mitral valve regurgitation mechanism revealed an isolated mitral leaflet cleft, without signs of endocarditis or traumatic lesion. Regarding the absence of symptoms and excellent maximal exercise tolerance at stress echocardiography, a repair surgery wasn’t offered. Isolated mitral leaflet cleft is a rare congenital anomaly, in adults, the cleft may be an incidental finding that remains asymptomatic for years when the leak is well tolerated. 2D combined with 3D echocardiography is key for diagnosis and surgery guidance.

关键词： Mitral Regurgitation Isolated Mitral Cleft Adult Congenital Heart Disease Senegal

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Diabetic Macroangioapathy at the Internal Medicine Department of the Abass Ndao Hospital Center (About 359 Cases)

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2024年第1期14卷 1-12页

作者： Sow Djiby Djiba Boundia Ndour Michel Assane Diedhiou Demba Dieng Mouhamed Diallo Ibrahima Mané Fall Ndiouga Gueye Khoudia Gadji fatou Kiné Sarr Anna Diop Said Nourou Ndour Mbaye Maimouna Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties H&#244pital Abass Ndao Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Macroangiopathy plays an important role, with a high prevalence of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. The aim was to study the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary profile of macroangiopathy in diabetic patients in the internal medicine department of the Abass Ndao hospital. Patients and methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study. Our investigations were recruited over a 7-year period (January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2022). Results: Three hundred and fifty-nine (359) patients (10.22%) were enrolled. The mean age was 62.83 years, with extremes ranging from 17 to 98 years. The [60 - 69] age group was more representative (37.32%). Women accounted for 180 cases (50.1%), with a sex ratio (m/f) of 0.99. The average duration of diabetes was 11.86 years. Average consultation time was 38.07 days, with extremes ranging from 1 to 368 days. Average hospital stay was 7.65 days. Inaugural diabetes was noted in 12 cases (3.34%). Type 2 diabetes accounted for 95.82% (n = 344) of patients. Hypertension was present in 150 patients (41.8%). Patients with 2 risk factors accounted for 173 cases (48.18%). Nineteen patients had already had a stroke (5.29% of cases). Fourteen (14) patients (4.2%) were amputees. Obliterative arteriopathy of the lower limbs (AOMI) was noted in 193 patients (54%). Stroke was noted in 101 patients (28%). Ischemic heart disease (IHD) was noted in 38 patients (11%). AOMI was more common in males (110 patients, 57%) than in females (43%). Seventy-three (73) patients (20.3%) died. Predictors of death were age over 60 and the existence of more than two cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusion: Diabetic macroangiopathy is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The development and implementation of a prevention and management program is essential.

关键词： Macroangiopathy Diabetes Risk Factors Senegal

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