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Reflections on architectural design education： The return of rationalism in the studio

Frontiers of Architectural Research 2014年第4期3卷 424-430页

作者： fathi bashier Department of Architecture and Urban Planning EiT-M Mekelle University Mekelle Ethiopia

The design studio environment has remained the same throughout the past century. As the Studio Culture Task Force of the American Institute of Architecture Students （ALAS）（Koch et al., 2006） noted, the ongoing changes in architecture education are not aligned with today＇s fastchanging world, especially in the context of architectural practice. The AlAS analyzed the design studio problem and expressed doubts on the effectiveness of current studio practices in providing adequate design-thinking education. The report indicates that studio culture values project appearance instead of the actual design process. In recent years, similar problems have been the topic of debates in Khartoum. Criticisms are mostly centered on the observation that students show no interest in the design process and tend to focus on form making. As a result, efforts to teach design methods and to restore the balance between creativity and rationality in the design process have failed. The reason is related to the difficulties associated with the implicit nature of conventional design methods. These difficulties, which are common in architecture schools, include the lack of a clearly defined design methodology and the misunderstood role of the systematic approach to design in the studio. Nevertheless, signs of change are gradually emerging, as demonstrated by the global call for change in the studio environment. This call for change indicates a general agreement on the need for the reorientation of architectural design education toward an engaging policy that considers the social responsibility of architects. This study proposes that the route for change is through the return of rationalism in the studio. Since the 1960 s, many writers have recognized the importance of balancing rationality and creativity, which are mutually interdependent, in the design process. From this perspective, the research question is drawn： how can we bridge the gap between the rational and the creative design activit

关键词： Implicit method Criticism Design thinking Process Methodology Rationality and creativity Integrated design

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牛角瓜(Calotropis procera Ait.)提取物对非洲瓜瓢虫(Henosepilachna elaterii Rossi)的杀虫潜能评价(英文)

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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版） 2006年第3期32卷 292-299页

作者： Umsalama A.M.AHMED Nabil H.H.bashier 施祖华浙江大学昆虫科学研究所浙江杭州310029 Khartoum大学农学院

室内评价了牛角瓜(Calotropis proceraAit.)提取物对非洲瓜瓢虫(Henosepilachna elateriiRossi)的生物活性及提取方法.结果表明,浸泡提取法的提取效率显著比电动振荡提取法高;植物的不同部分提取效率存在显著差异,以叶最高,花次之,根最... 详细信息

室内评价了牛角瓜(Calotropis proceraAit.)提取物对非洲瓜瓢虫(Henosepilachna elateriiRossi)的生物活性及提取方法.结果表明,浸泡提取法的提取效率显著比电动振荡提取法高;植物的不同部分提取效率存在显著差异,以叶最高,花次之,根最低;叶提取物的生物活性高于花和根;初孵的幼虫不取食牛角瓜叶、花和根提取物处理过的南瓜叶;用提取物处理过的南瓜叶饲养4龄幼虫,幼虫不能化蛹就死亡;4龄幼虫前胸背板点滴牛角瓜叶或花提取物试验表明,点滴处理后幼虫的死亡率、随后的蛹死亡率和羽化的畸形成虫比例增加.但4龄幼虫先用牛角瓜叶、花和根提取物处理过的南瓜叶饲养2天,随后用未经提取物处理的南瓜叶饲养,则这些幼虫仍能完成幼虫和蛹的发育,而且育出的成虫寿命和生殖力不受影响.

关键词：牛角瓜非洲瓜瓢虫植物源杀虫剂提取物点滴南瓜

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Risk and predictors of severity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and COVID-19 in Dubai

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第8期14卷 1259-1270页

作者： Fatheya Alawadi Alaaeldin bashier Azza Abdulaziz Bin Hussain Nada Al-Hashmi Fawzi Al Tayb Bachet Mohamed Mahmoud Aly Hassanein Marwan Abdelrahim Zidan Rania Soued Amar Hassan Khamis Debasmita Mukhopadhyay Fatima Abdul Aya Osama Fatima Sulaiman Muhammad Hamed Farooqi Riad Abdel Latif Bayoumi Department of Endocrinology Dubai Academic Health CorporationDubaiUnited Arab Emirates Department of Medical Education and Research Dubai Academic Health CorporationDubaiUnited Arab Emirates Department of Radiology Mediclinic City HospitalDubaiUnited Arab Emirates College of Medicine Mohamed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health SciencesDubaiUnited Arab Emirates Dubai Diabetes Center Dubai Academic Health CorporationDubaiUnited Arab Emirates Basic Medical Sciences College of MedicineMohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health SciencesDubaiUnited Arab Emirates

BACKGROUND Globally,patients with diabetes suffer from increased disease severity and mortality due to coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Old age,high body mass index(BMI),comorbidities,and complications of diabetes are recognized as major risk factors for infection severity and *** To investigate the risk and predictors of higher severity and mortality among inhospital patients with COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes(T2D)during the first wave of the pandemic in Dubai(March–September 2020).METHODS In this cross-sectional nested case-control study,a total of 1083 patients with COVID-19 were *** study included 890 men and 193 *** these,427 had T2D and 656 were *** clinical,radiographic,and laboratory data of the patients with and without T2D were *** predictors of mortality in COVID-19 non-survivors were identified in patients with and without *** T2D patients with COVID-19 were older and had higher BMI than those without *** had higher rates of comorbidities such as hypertension,ischemic heart disease,heart failure,and more life-threatening *** laboratory parameters of disease severity were significantly higher than in those without ***,these patients had a longer hospital stay and a significantly higher mortality *** died from COVID-19 at a rate three times higher than patients *** laboratory and radiographic severity indices in non-survivors were high in patients with and without *** the univariate analysis of the predictors of mortality among all COVID-19 non-survivors,significant associations were identified with old age,increased white blood cell count,lymphopenia,and elevated serum troponin *** multivariate analysis,only lymphopenia was identified as an independent predictor of mortality among T2D *** Patients with COVID-19 and T2D were older with higher BMI,more comorbidities,higher disease severity indices,more severe proinflamma

关键词： Type 2 diabetes COVID-19 Risk factors Mortality United Arab Emirates

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