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Investigating the Air Quality Parameters in Louisiana’s Industrial Corridor: A Baton Rouge Case Study

Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第7期12卷 139-164页

作者： Oluwafemi Awolesi Peter G. Oni Oluwatoyin K. Adekoya Seyi B. Adekoya Oluwafeyikemi D. Ogunmusi fatemeh ghafari Abosede Oje Odunayo Lawal Department of Environmental Sciences Louisiana State University Baton Rouge USA Department of Construction Management Louisiana State University Baton Rouge USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester USA Department of Water Resource Policy Grand Valley State University Grand Rapids USA Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology The University of New Mexico Albuquerque USA Department of Chemistry University of Louisiana Lafayette USA Research & Development Unit Ecoxygiene Services Limited Lagos Nigeria

In a local context, sustainable development entails utilizing the current resources—material and immaterial, measurable and immeasurable, popular and unpopular—of the community in a manner that avoids overexploitation and ensures intergenerational equity. This approach prioritizes the safety and health of local citizens, placing communal productivity above corporate profitability. This research aims to assess air quality surrounding 28 chemical industry sites in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, to understand the environmental and health impacts of industrial pollutants, with a focus on environmental justice. Air quality pollutants, including PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, CO, and SO2, were monitored for 75 days during the Summer, using the BreezoMeter app. Python, Mapize, and QGIS software technologies were utilized for data analysis and visualization. Findings indicate a reduction in NO2 and CO levels, compared to existing literature. However, the persistent challenge of particulate matter suggests areas for further environmental management efforts. Additionally, the research suggests a significant disparity in air pollution exposure, probably affecting marginalized communities. Although the nature of the study might not fully capture annual pollution trends, the findings highlight the urgent need for the chemical industry to adopt efficient production methods and for policymakers to enhance air quality standards and enforcement, particularly in pollution-sensitive areas. The disproportionate impact of air pollution on vulnerable communities calls for a more inclusive approach to environmental justice, ensuring equitable distribution of clean air benefits and community involvement in pollution management decisions.

关键词： Air Quality Monitoring Chemical Industry Pollution Environmental Justice Health Implications Particulate Matter Case Study

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Corrosion control in underground concrete structures using double waterproofing shield system (DWS)

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2013年第4期23卷 590-598页

作者： Nima ghafari Mapua Institute of Technology School of Civil Environmental and Geological Engineering Intramuros Manila 1002 Philippines

High level of structural and waterproofng stability leads to long-term service life in underground *** between aggressive groundwater with tunnel causes corrosion and damage in concrete structure due to steel reinforcement corrosion and concrete *** study introduces a double waterproofng shield system(DWS)as an innovative solution to waterproofng and structural failures in underground concrete *** this method,ordinary shotcrete mixture replaces by an organic polymer concrete(OPC)to construct a water-resistant temporary support right after each partial *** groups of specimens including reference concrete and OPC specimens were provided and tested in accordance with ASTM C *** parameters including porosity,pore volume,permeability and hydraulic conductivity have been *** show a remarkable reduction in mentioned parameters for OPC compared with ordinary *** in waterproofng performance of temporary support corresponds to a healthy fnal lining and increase in service life of the structure.

关键词： Corrosion Final lining structure Organic polymer concrete (OPC) Underground concrete structure Waterproofing shield Water-resistant temporary support

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Effect of soil cohesion and friction angles on reverse faults

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2021年第2期20卷 329-334页

作者： Mehdi ghafari Haslinda Nahazanan Zainuddin Md Yusoff Vahed Ghiasi Department of Civil Engineering Universiti Putra MalaysiaSelangor 43400Malaysia Department of Civil Engineering Malayer UniversityMalayer 65719Iran

Severe faults have caused many earthquakes around the world throughout *** recently,earthquakes have occurred in Taiwan,China(Chi-Chi fault),and elsewhere,causing loss of lives and destroying many buildings and *** tectonic movements have gained attention from engineers,and in the past 15 years,the focus has been on faulting *** this study,a physical model(1 g)was fabricated and used to evaluate the impact of a reverse fault in a field with a *** the 1 g model,researchers installed additional gauges on the tunnel,so that all the displacements could be adjusted,and all the responses could be monitored during *** experimental study of various soil properties(cohesion and friction angles)in reverse faults on the tunnel lining were carried out and are described herein.A comparison of results for different levels of soil cohesion revealed that it can dramatically reduce the displacement by as much as 40%,and that friction angles of 27ºcan record approximately 60%more displacements than at 37º.Furthermore,a comparison of fault angles of 30ºand 60ºindicates that the displacements can be different by more than 43%in cohesionless soil and about 64%for a friction angle of 27º.

关键词： soil cohesion soil friction angle reverse faults fault angles

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Low temperature J-resistance curve determination of asphalt concrete using wavelet-Radon transform

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Journal of Central South University 2013年第9期20卷 2563-2569页

作者： ghafari Sepehr Moghadas Nejad Fereidoon Aflaki Esmail Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology

A single specimen test using the three point single edge notched beam configuration at low temperatures for obtaining hot mix asphalt （HMA） resistance curves is *** curves are obtained for mixtures at six temperature levels of＋5,0,-5,-10,-15,and-20 ℃ and three binder contents of 4％,4.5％,and 5％.Crack extension increments during the test are measured by means of an image processing technique using Radon transform and feature *** the specimens exhibit a rising R-curve,indicating ductility and toughening mechanisms in the ductile-quasi brittle fracture of the *** is observed that the reduction of temperature results in a further tendency of the mixture for unstable crack growth and less subcritical crack *** is also shown that using the binarization process,an automatic index can be developed that can represent the extent of brittleness and extent of the low temperature in which the cracking has occurred.

关键词： resistance curves three point bending radon transform feature extraction

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Pore structure of cementitious material enhanced by graphitic nanomaterial： a critical review

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2018年第1期12卷 137-147页

作者： S.A. GHAHARI E. ghafari L. ASSI Department of Civil Engineering Purdue University USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of South Carolina USA

Carbon nano tubes （CNT） has been introduced as an efficient nanomaterial in order to improve the mechanical and durability properties of concrete. The effect of CNT on the microstructures of cementitious materials has been widely reported. This paper combines a critical review on the effect of CNT on the pore and microstructure of cement composite with a discussion on the porosity measurement of pastes containing CNT using mercury intrusion porosimetry techniques （MIP）. It was found that, surface treatment by H2SO4 and HNO3 solution forms carboxyl acid groups on CNTs＇ surfaces that lead to the improvement of reinforcement. In this scope, this review paper involves analyzing the effect of CNT on the microstructure and the pore structure of cementitious materials. The existing methods of measuring the porosity of cementitious material are reviewed, in particular, the contact angle measurement is discussed in detail in which the most effective parameters and possible errors of calculation is presented.

关键词： carbon nano tubes microstructure porosity mercury intrusion porosimetry cement composite

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New turbulence modeling for air/water stratified flow

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2020年第1期5卷 55-67页

作者： M.ghafari M.B.Ghofrani Department of Energy Engineering Sharif University of TechnologyAzadi Ave.TehranIran

The prediction of interfacial turbulence characteristics is one of the still challenging of two-phase stratified *** evaluation of some important parameters such as interfacial heat transfer coefficient based on turbulence kinetic energy and turbulence dissipation rate in some models,intensifies the importance of turbulence flow correct *** gradient of velocity and turbulence kinetic energy at the interface of two-phase stratified flow leads to a major overestimation or underestimation of flow characteristics without any special *** of a source function of turbulence eddy frequency at the interface is one of the common solution employed in past *** this solution remedies some shortcomings of traditional methods in smooth stratified flow,its application in wavy stratified flow needs the other *** examination of turbulence characteristics near the free surface reveals that,in addition to turbulence eddy frequency,the other source function of turbulence kinetic energy should be considered near the free ***,a new source function of turbulence kinetic energy is proposed at the interface based on flow *** new method has been employed for Fabre et al.(1987)experiment designed for air/water stratified *** results of simulation have a good agreement with experimental data and turbulence characteristic can be captured near the free surface.

关键词： Stratified flow Turbulence model Turbulence kinetic energy Source function

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Composition and structure of species along altitude gradient in Moghan-Sabalan rangelands,Iran

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第6期15卷 1209-1228页

作者： Sahar ghafari Ardavan GHORBANI Mehdi MOAMERI Raoof MOSTAFAZADEH Mahmood BIDARLORD Department of Range and Watershed Management University ofMohaghegh Ardabili Ardabil *** Iran Department of Plant Sciences and Medicinal Plants University ofMohaghegh Ardabili Ardabi1*** Iran

This study provides a checklist of species distributed at the altitude gradient of MoghanSabalan rangelands in Ardabili province, Northwest Iran. We evaluated the changes in species composition, growth types of species, Raunkiaer's life forms, geographical distribution, threat and endemicity status, and palatability of species along two altitudinal gradients in the sampling plots, which were conducted in eleven sites/habitats with 300 meters above sea level(masl) altitude intervals(from 100 to 3300 masl). We assessed the plant species composition with special reference to the gradient analysis, and identified overall 396 species, which was comprising 44 families and 194 genera. Results showed that Asteraceae family is by far the most species-rich family, followed by Poaceae, Fabaceae, Caryophyllaceae and Brassicaceae. Among the genera, Astragalus is the most diverse genus, followed by Allium, Veronica and Bromus, Galium, Silene and Ranunculus. Results indicated that the number of species increased as the altitude increased to 1200-1500 masl, but then starts to decline to 3300 masl. Family-to-genera ratio was 1:4.4, the family-tospecies ratio was 1:9, and the genera-to-species ratio was 1:2.04. Growth type of species analysis shows that the frequency of perennial plants was higher in the study area followed by annual species while the lower group was biennial species. The number of annuals showed a decreasing trend towards higher altitude. Hemicryptophytes and therophytes were the most frequent life forms constituted each with(41.9%). Hemicryptophytes showed an increasing trend with altitude, while therophytes showed a decreasing trend with altitude increase, followed by geophytes, chamaephytes, and phanerophytes. Results showed more than half of the species of the study area belonged to Iran-Turanian region and these species showed an increasing trend with altitude. In contrast, Sahara-Sindian species comprise a minor component of the spectrum, with decreasing trend

关键词： Flora Floristic diversity Speciesdistribution Elevation Red data categories Endemic Ardabili province

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Stent visualization methods to guide percutaneous coronary interventions and assess long-term patency

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World Journal of Cardiology 2021年第9期13卷 416-437页

作者： Chadi ghafari Stéphane Carlier Department of Cardiology UMONSMons 7000Belgium Department of Cardiology CHU Ambroise ParéMons 7000Belgium

Evaluation of acute percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)results and longterm follow-up remains challenging with ongoing stent *** imaging tools have been developed to assess native vessel atherosclerosis and stent expansion,improving overall PCI results and reducing adverse cardiac *** coronary analysis has played a crucial role in quantifying the extent of coronary artery disease and stent *** stent enhancement methods have been well validated and improved stent strut *** imaging remains the gold standard in PCI guidance but adds costs and time to the *** a recent shift towards non-invasive imaging assessment and coronary computed tomography angiography imaging have shown promising *** hereby review novel stent visualization techniques used to guide PCI and assess stent patency in the modern PCI era.

关键词： Percutaneous coronary intervention Stent visualization Stent underexpansion Quantitative coronary analysis Digital stent enhancement Intravascular ultrasound Optical coherence tomography Coronary computed tomography angiography

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Experimental and Numerical Study of Structural Identification Using Non-Linear Resonant Decay Method

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Sound & Vibration 2019年第3期53卷 75-95页

作者： Mehdi Sarmast Hamed ghafari Jan R.Wright Kennesaw State University Department of Mechanical EngineeringMD 9075840 Polytechnic Lane MariettaGA 30060USA Malek Ashtar University of Technology Department of Aerospace EngineeringLavizanTehran 15875Iran School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK

One of the practical approaches in identifying structures is the non-linear resonant decay method which identifies a non-linear dynamic system utilizing a model based on linear modal space containing the underlying linear system and a small number of extra terms that exhibit the non-linear *** this paper,the method is illustrated in a simulated system and an experimental *** main objective of the non-linear resonant decay method is to identify the non-linear dynamic systems based on the use of a multi-shaker excitation using appropriated excitation which is obtained from the force appropriation *** experimental application of the method is indicated to provide suitable estimates of modal parameters for the identification of non-linear models of structures.

关键词： Non-linear modal identification non-linear dynamic system non-linear resonant decay method force appropriation approach

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Dynamic Analysis of Cable Roofs Under Transient Wind:A Comparison Between Time Domain and Frequency Domain Approaches

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2008年第S1期13卷 53-57页

作者： S. Ali ghafari Oskoei Ghyslaine McClure Department of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics McGill University

At present, high-speed computing capabilities and advanced nonlinear dynamic finite element procedures enable detailed dynamic analysis of cable structures. Although deterministic approaches require considerable analysis time and effort in relation to modeling, running, and data processing, they seem to be the only alternative to obtain high accuracy. Detailed dynamic analysis of cable roof networks is sophisticated and requires advanced modeling expertise. This paper presents a comparison between detailed nonlinear dynamic analysis and a simplified frequency domain approach to estimate the maximum probable response of weakly nonlinear cable roofs. The approach can be considered as alternative to detailed time-domain analysis in the preliminary design phase, or can be used to validate results obtained from more elaborated numerical models. The proposed method is illustrated with two examples of cable net roofs that were also analysed in the time domain.

关键词： weakly nonlinear structures frequency domain analysis wind spectrum

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