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Review of deep learning and artificial intelligence models in fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第16期11卷 3725-3735页

作者： farzan vahedifard Jubril O Adepoju Mark Supanich Hua Asher Ai Xuchu Liu Mehmet Kocak Kranthi K Marathu Sharon E Byrd Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Rush Medical CollegeChicagoIL 606012United States Division for Diagnostic Medical Physics Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineRush University Medical CenterChicagoIL 606012United States

Central nervous system abnormalities in fetuses are fairly common,happening in 0.1%to 0.2%of live births and in 3%to 6%of stillbirths.So initial detection and categorization of fetal Brain abnormalities are critical.Manually detecting and segmenting fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)could be timeconsuming,and susceptible to interpreter experience.Artificial intelligence(AI)algorithms and machine learning approaches have a high potential for assisting in the early detection of these problems,improving the diagnosis process and follow-up procedures.The use of AI and machine learning techniques in fetal brain MRI was the subject of this narrative review paper.Using AI,anatomic fetal brain MRI processing has investigated models to predict specific landmarks and segmentation automatically.All gestation age weeks(17-38 wk)and different AI models(mainly Convolutional Neural Network and U-Net)have been used.Some models'accuracy achieved 95%and more.AI could help preprocess and postprocess fetal images and reconstruct images.Also,AI can be used for gestational age prediction(with one-week accuracy),fetal brain extraction,fetal brain segmentation,and placenta detection.Some fetal brain linear measurements,such as Cerebral and Bone Biparietal Diameter,have been suggested.Classification of brain pathology was studied using diagonal quadratic discriminates analysis,Knearest neighbor,random forest,naive Bayes,and radial basis function neural network classifiers.Deep learning methods will become more powerful as more large-scale,labeled datasets become available.Having shared fetal brain MRI datasets is crucial because there aren not many fetal brain pictures available.Also,physicians should be aware of AI's function in fetal brain MRI,particularly neuroradiologists,general radiologists,and perinatologists.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Fetal brain Magnetic resonance imaging Neuroimaging

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