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Fate of rubber bush (Calotropis procera (Aiton) W. T. Aiton) in adversary environment modulated by microstructural and functional attributes

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Journal of Arid Land 2023年第5期15卷 578-601页

作者： Ummar IQBAL Mansoor HAMEED farooq ahMAD Muhammad S AahMAD Muhammad ASHRAF Department of Botany the Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpurwala 64200Pakistan Department of Botany University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan

Calotropis procera(Aiton)***,belonging to the family Apocynaceae,is C3 evergreen plant species in arid and semi-arid areas of the Punjab Province,*** grows in a variety of habitats like salt affected and waterlogged area,desert/semi-desert,roadside,wasteland,graveyard,forest,crop field,coastline,and river/canal bank.A total of 12 populations growing in different ecological regions were sampled to evaluate their growth,physio-biochemical,and anatomical responses to specific environmental *** adapted to desert/semi-desert showed vigorous growth(plant height,shoot length,and number of leaves),enhanced photosynthetic level(chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,carotenoids,and total chlorophyll),and apparent anatomical modifications such as increased stem radius,cuticle thickness,storage parenchyma tissues(cortex and pith),and vascular bundles in stems,while the maximum of midrib and lamina thickness,epidermal cells,cuticle thickness,cortical proportion,abaxial stomatal density,and its area in *** was high plasticity in structural and functional features of these populations,which enable them to survive and tolerate under such hot and dry desert *** of saline areas exhibited very critical modifications to sustain under salt prone *** physiological level,it possesses the maximum amount of organic osmolytes(glycine betaine and proline)and antioxidants(superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and peroxidase(POD)),while at anatomical level,it showed intensive sclerification,large phloem region(inner and outer),pith parenchyma cells,and metaxylem vessels in stems and *** population of dry mountains showed very distinctive features,such as increased shoot ionic contents(K+and Ca2+),collenchyma and sclerenchyma thickness in stems,trichomes size,and numerous small stomata on abaxial surface of *** is concluded that no definite or precise single character can be taken as a yardstick for adjudging the biomass

关键词： Calotropis procera Apocynaceae phenotypic plasticity aridity rubber bush

Design and optimization of electrochemical cell potential for hydrogen gas production

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第1期30卷 421-427,I0013页

作者： Nawar KAl-Shara farooq Sher Sania ZIqbal Oliver Curnick George ZChen Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottingham NG72RDUK School of Mechanical Aerospace and Automotive EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringEnvironmental and ComputingCoventry UniversityCoventry CV12JHUK Department of Biochemistry University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Institute for Future Transport and Cities Coventry UniversityCoventry CV15FBUK Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaUniversity ParkNingbo 315100China

This study deals with the optimization of best working conditions in molten melt for the production of hydrogen(H2) *** research has been carried out on how electrochemical process occurs through steam splitting via molten hydroxide.54 combinations of cathode,anode,temperature and voltage have been investigated for the optimization of best working conditions with molten hydroxide for hydrogen gas *** these electrochemical investigations were carried out at 225 to 300℃ temperature and 1.5 to 2.5 V applied voltage *** current efficiency of 90.5,80.0 and 68.6% has been achieved using stainless steel anodic cell with nickel,stainless steel and platinum working cathode *** nickel cathode,an increase in the current directly affected the hydrogen gas flow rate at *** can be hypothesized from the noted results that increase in current is directly proportional to operating temperature and applied *** values were noted when the applied voltages increased from 1.5 to 2.5 V at 300℃,the flow rate of hydrogen gas increased from 1.5 to 11.3 cm^(3) min^(-1),1.0 to 13 cm^(3) min^(-1) in case of electrolysis@stainless steel and@graphite anode *** is observed that the current efficiency of stainless steel anodic cell was higher than the graphite anodic ***,steam splitting with the help of molten salts has shown an encouraging alternate to current methodology for H2 fuel production.

关键词： Sustainable energy Splitting steam Electrolysis Hydrogen gas production Electrochemical cell and Variable cathodes

Induction of Male Sterility by Targeted Mutation of the RFL Gene with Crispr/Cas9-mediated Genome Editing in Brassica Napus L.

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Induction of Male Sterility by Targeted Mutation of the RFL ...

作者： ZUNAIRA farooq 华中农业大学

学位级别：硕士

甘蓝型油菜（canola,oilseed rape）是世界上最重要的油料作物之一,为人类提供食用油、牲畜业饲料和工业原料。由于巨大的人口压力,人们需要进一步提高作物的产量来满足人类的需求,利用作物的杂种优势是提高作物产量最有效的方法之一。... 详细信息

甘蓝型油菜（canola,oilseed rape）是世界上最重要的油料作物之一,为人类提供食用油、牲畜业饲料和工业原料。由于巨大的人口压力,人们需要进一步提高作物的产量来满足人类的需求,利用作物的杂种优势是提高作物产量最有效的方法之一。细胞质雄性不育在油菜杂交种子的生产中应用最广泛。在过去的四十年里,人们在十字花科植物中发现了不同的细胞质雄性不育类型,同时发现了它们的恢复基因（Rf）。大多数恢复基因编码PPR蛋白,此外还有线粒体转录终止因子蛋白（m TERF）和类泛素超家族蛋白（UBL）。自2011年以来,由于育性恢复基因（RFL）与Rf基因高度相似,许多研究人员对其进行了研究。恢复基因通过与雄性不育的基因互作,在植物的育性恢复中发挥着重要作用。在當前的研究中,我們在單拷貝的Bna A09g45590D（RFL11）基因敲除中發現了幾個雄性不育系,我們將重點研究RFL-CMS的關係。我们通过使用CRISPR/Cas9介导的基因编辑技术得到了BnaRFL11（bnarfl11）的突变体。通过利用CRISPR/Cas9载体（p HSE401-2g R/Cas9）对基因进行多重编辑,该载体通过农杆菌介导的转化成功地转入到纯系甘蓝型油菜Wester中。在得到的108个独立株系中,88个（81.40%）带有T-DNA插入。T0和T1代突变体植物的稳定突变株系被检测出来,平均等位基因突变传递率为81%。此外,还发现了连续两代的无T-DNA突变株。脱靶效应分析表明,7个潜在的脱靶点没有显示出脱靶效应。设计的两个sgRNA在T0代的编辑效率分别为64.81%和46.29%。在两个目标位点发生编辑的突变体bnarfl11表现出明显的雄性不育表型。突变体植株的表型观察显示花药败育阶段与nap-CMS相似,Orf222、Orf139、Ap3和nad5c基因上调。bnarfl11的石蜡切片和q RT-PCR分析表明,BnaRFL11敲除会诱导转基因品系的雄性不育发生,并且BnaRFL11存在于A09染色体上,非常接近Rfn区域。为了确定BnaRFL11的功能特征,我们利用Ca MV35S启动子（PS2300载体）过表达BnaRFL11,并通过农杆菌介导将其转入到甘蓝型油菜中。形态学和细胞学分析表明,所有的花药都明显缩短,花粉量很少,存活率很低。BnaRFL11-OE的q RTPCR分析显示在花蕾和叶片中表达较高,表明PPR编码基因在植物的营养生长和生殖生长中都是必不可少的。由此我们的结果表明,BnaRFL11基因是一个重要的育性恢复基因,它的突变表现为雄性不育,该不育系在油菜的杂种利用中具有利用的潜力。

关键词：细胞质雄性不育 BnaRFL11 CRISPR/Cas9 sg RNA 过表达

3D modelling based comprehensive analysis of high-κ gate stack graded channel dual material trigate MOSFET

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Journal of Semiconductors 2018年第12期39卷 147-152页

作者： Aadil T.Shora farooq A.Khanday Department of Electronics and Instrumentation University of Kashmir

The evolution of the traditional metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor(MOSFET) from planar single gate devices into 3 D multiple gates has led to higher package density and high current ***, due to continuous scaling and as a consequent close proximity between source and drain in the nano-regime, these multigate devices have been found to suffer from performance degrading short channel effects(SCEs).In this paper, a three dimensional analytical model of a trigate MOSFET incorporating non-conventional structural techniques like silicon-on-insulator, gate and channel engineering in addition to gate oxide stack is *** electrostatic integrity and device capability of suppressing SCEs is investigated by deriving the potential distribution profile using the three dimensional Poisson’s equation along with suitable boundary conditions. The other device parameters like threshold voltage and subthreshold swing are produced from the surface potential *** validity of the proposed structure is established by the close agreement among the results obtained from the analytical model and simulation results.

关键词： silicon-on-nothing short channel effects dual material gate graded channel trigate MOSFET

Mixed Convective Viscoelastic Nanofluid Flow Past a Porous Media with Soret–Dufour Effects

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2016年第7期65卷 133-142页

作者： M.Ramzan Farhan Yousaf M.farooq Jae Dong Chung Department of Computer Science Bahria University Department of Mathematics Faculty of Computing Capital University of Science and Technology Department of Mathematics Riphah International University Department of Mechanical Engineering Sejong University

The present study is carried out to see the thermal-diffusion(Dufour) and diffusion-thermo(Soret) effects on the mixed convection boundary layer flow of viscoelastic nanofluid flow over a vertical stretching surface in a porous medium. Optimal homotopy analysis method(OHAM) is best candidate to handle highly nonlinear system of differential equations obtained from boundary layer partial differential equations via appropriate transformations. Graphical illustrations depicting different physical arising parameters against velocity, temperature and concentration distributions with required discussion have also been added. Numerically calculated values of skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are given in the form of table and well argued. It is found that nanofluid velocity increases with increase in mixed convective and viscoelastic parameters but it decreases with the increasing values of porosity parameter. Also, it is observed that Dufour number has opposite behavior on temperature and concentration profiles.

关键词： mixed convection porous media nanofluid flow soret-dufour effects

Digital exchange attributes and the risk of closure

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2023年第2期4卷 136-145页

作者： Seung ah Lee George Milunovich Department of Actuarial Studies and Business Analytics Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSW2109Australia

Presently,there are over 500 cryptocurrency exchanges worldwide and more than 19,700 different *** the fact that cryptocurrency trading is possible via private peer-to-peer transactions,more than 90%of trading occurs on organised exchanges,which provide convenience and ***,centralised cryptocurrency exchanges are regarded as high-value targets by criminals and are often victims of *** this paper,we investigate the risk of cryptocurrency exchange closures and develop predictive models to forecast which markets will close down and which ones will remain active using publicly available *** models perform well and reach a high level of classification *** trading volume,the availability of public information on exchange staff,exchange lifetime,and several cybersecurity features are identified as key attributes in predicting exchange ***,our models do not account for all sources of risk,e.g.,potential fraud and mismanagement of client funds committed by the exchanges themselves,and market participants are encouraged to carefully consider where and how they store their digital assets.

关键词： Cryptocurrency markets Digital exchange Closure Classification Predictive models

Application of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy in Early Detection of Red Palm Weevil:(Rhynchophorus ferrugineus)Infestation in Date Palm

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Plasma Science and Technology 2015年第11期17卷 948-952页

作者： W.A.farooq K.G.RASOOL Walid TAWFIK A.S.ALDAWOOD Department of Physics and Astronomy College of Science King Saud University Department of Plant Protection College of Food and Agriculture SciencesKing Saud University Department of Environmental Applications NILES National Institute of LaserCairo University

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is one of the leading date producing countries. Unfortunately, this important fruit crop is under great threat from the red palm weevil （RPW）（Rhynchophorus ferrugineus）, which is a highly invasive pest. Several techniques, including visual inspection, acoustic sensors, sniffer dogs, and pheromone traps have been tried to detect the early stages of a RPW infestation; however, each method has suffered certain logistical and implementation issues. We have applied laser induced breakdown spectroscopy （LIBS） for the early detection of RPW infestation. Through the analysis of the observed LIBS spectra of different infested and healthy samples, we have found presence of Ca, Mg, Na, C, K elements and OH, CN molecules. The spectra also reveal that with the population growth of the pest, the intensity of Mg and Ca atomic lines in LIBS spectra increases rapidly. Similar behavior is observed in the molecular lines of LIBS spectra. The obtained results indicate that the LIBS technique can be used for the early detection of RPW infestation without damaging the date palms.

关键词： laser induced breakdown red palm weevil infestation LIBS plasma

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase: As a potential prognostic marker and immunotherapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第13期23卷 2286-2293页

作者： Kashif Asghar Asim farooq Bilal Zulfiqar Muhammad Usman Rashid Department of Basic Sciences Research Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences School of Mechanical and Manufacturing EngineeringNational University of Sciences and Technology Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery Griffith University

Tumor cells induce an immunosuppressive microen-vironment which leads towards tumor immune escape. Understanding the intricacy of immunomodulation by tumor cells is essential for immunotherapy. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO) is an immunosuppressive enzyme which mediates tumor immune escape in various cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). IDO up-regulation in HCC may lead to recruitment of regulatory T-cells into tumor microenvironment and therefore inhibit local immune responses and promote metastasis. HCC associated fibroblasts stimulate natural killer cells dysfunction through prostaglandin E2 and subsequently IDO promotes favorable condition for tumor metastasis. IDO up-regulation induces immuno-suppression and may enhance the risk of hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus induced HCC. Therefore, IDO inhibitors as adjuvant therapeutic agents may have clinical implications in HCC. This review proposes future prospects of IDO not only as a therapeutic target but also as a prognostic marker for HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis B virus Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase

Natural dietary anti-cancer chemopreventive compounds:redox-mediated differential signaling mechanisms in cytoprotection of normal cells versus cytotoxicity in tumor cells

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2007年第4期28卷 459-472页

作者： Sujit NAIR ah-Ng Tony KONG Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Pharmaceutics Ernest Mario School of PharmacyRutgersThe StateUniversity of New JerseyPiscatawayNew Jersey 08854USA

Many dietary phytochemicals exhibit health-beneficial effects including preven-tion of diseases such as cancer,as well as neurological,cardiovascular,inflam-matory,and metabolic ***,herbivorous and omnivorousanimals have been ingesting *** interaction between"animal-plant"ecosystems has resulted in an elaborate system of detoxification and defensemechanisms evolved by animals including *** cells,includinghuman cells,respond to these dietary phytochemicals by"non-classical receptorsensing"mechanisms of electrophilic chemical-stress typified by"thiol-modu-lated"cellular signaling events primarily leading to the gene expression of phar-macologically beneficial effects,but sometimes unwanted cytotoxicity *** has been studying two groups of dietary phytochemical cancer-chemopreventive compounds (isothiocyanates and polyphenols),which areeffective in chemical-induced,as well as genetically-induced,animal carcinogen-esis *** compounds typically generate"cellular stress"and modulategene expression of phase Ⅱ detoxifying/antioxidant ***,reac-tive oxygen species,and reactive nitrogen species are known to act as secondmessengers in the modulation of many cellular signaling pathways leading togene expression changes and pharmacological ***-sensitive tran-scription factors such as nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2),AP-1,NF-κB,tocite a few examples,sense and transduce changes in the cellular redox status andmodulate gene expression responses to oxidative and electrophilic stresses,pre-sumably via sulfhydryl modification of critical cysteine residues found on theseproteins and/or other upstream redox-sensitive molecular *** the currentreview,we will explore dietary cancer chemopreventive phytochemicals,discussthe link between oxidative/electrophilic stresses and the redox circuitry,and con-sider different redox-sensitive transcription *** will also discuss thekelch-l

关键词： redox Nrf2 Keapl NES NLS gene expression profiles