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Impact of foreign direct investment on the exports of five major sectors of Pakistan’s economy:A governance perspective

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中国人口·资源与环境:英文版 2023年第3期21卷 181-188页

作者： Kamran farid Tahir Mahmood Muhammad Mumtaz Sarfraz Hussain Ansari Department of Economics Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad45320Pakistan Department of Economics Karakoram International UniversityGilgit15100Pakistan Department of Economics University of Religions and DenominationsQom37100Iran Department of Public Administration Fatima Jinnah Women UniversityRawalpindi46000Pakistan National Defence University Islamabad 44230Pakistan

This study investigates and analyses empirically the impact of Foreign Direct Investment(FDI)inflows on the exports for a panel series of five large-scale manufacturing industries of Pakistan during the period *** this purpose,we establish export production function as based on endogenous growth theory in which role of FDI is considered as additional determinant of *** Pedroni residual-based co-integration test and Error Correction Model(ECM)are applied for the long and short-run *** residual based approach highlighted that human capitals,domestic capitals,foreign direct investments,exports,and domestic sales are co-integrated in the long *** to results of ECM,coefficient of FDI appears to have statistical significant impact on exports and has a positive sign in the long ***,FDI does not contribute to export growth in the short run but it takes time to influence the growth patterns of the *** the basis of theoretical notion of endogenous growth theory,long-run coefficient of FDI may be interpreted as evidence in favour of the hypotheses that FDI has an impact on exports via export ***,it can be concluded that“FDI-based endogenous growth theory”is valid in the case of Pakistan.

关键词： FDI Exports Panel Data Pakistan

On Classes of Matrices with Variants of the Diagonal Dominance Property

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Advances in Linear Algebra & Matrix Theory 2017年第2期7卷 37-65页

作者： farid O. farid Department of Mathematics Shanghai University Shanghai China

We study the relations between several classes of matrices with variants of the diagonal dominance property, and identify those classes which form pairs of incomparable classes. For an incomparable pair (X1,X2) of classes of matrices with variants of the diagonal dominance property, we also study the problem of providing sufficient conditions for the matrices in Xi to be in Xj with {i,j}={1,2}. The article is a continuation of a series of articles on the topic and related topics by the author;see [1][2][3][4].

关键词： Doubly Diagonally Dominant Generalized Diagonally Dominant (S1 S2) Separation Induced Diagonally Dominant Row-Column Diagonally Dominant with Index &alpha

On Quantum Methods for Machine Learning Problems Part Ⅰ: Quantum Tools

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2020年第1期3卷 41-55页

This is a review of quantum methods for machine learning problems that consists of two *** first part,"quantum tools",presents the fundamentals of qubits,quantum registers,and quantum states,introduces important quantum tools based on known quantum search algorithms and SWAP-test,and discusses the basic quantum procedures used for quantum search *** second part,"quantum classification algorithms",introduces several classification problems that can be accelerated by using quantum subroutines and discusses the quantum methods used for classification.

关键词： quantum algorithm quantum programming machine learning

The viability of using gasoline-integrated biodiesel-diesel mixtures in engines as a solution to greenhouse gas emissions:a review

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Clean Energy 2022年第6期6卷 848-868页

作者： Mohammad Zandie Hoon Kiat Ng Suyin Gan Mohd farid Muhamad Said Xinwei Cheng Department of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham MalaysiaJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham MalaysiaJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Automotive Development Center(ADC) Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia(UTM)81310 Johor BahruMalaysia School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUK

The implementation of alternative fuels,such as biodiesel,in engines has been shown to be a feasible strategy to control greenhouse gas(GHG)*** blending of biodiesel with diesel can reduce emissions of carbon monoxide(CO)and carbon dioxide and reduce soot ***,biodiesel combustion comes with low thermal efficiency,elevated emissions of nitrogen oxides(NOx)and carbon deposition ***,the addition of gasoline to diesel-biodiesel blends has been proposed to compensate for the downsides of biodiesel *** the current review,the viability of using this ternary fuel blend in engines is thoroughly *** review first assesses the environmental and health issues caused by conventional fuels,mitigation schemes to control GHG emissions and alternative fuels as a decarbonizing *** combustion and emissions characteristics of diesel-bio-diesel-gasoline mixtures are discussed in ***,the status,challenges and prospects of applying the alternative fuel mixture in engines are *** work has revealed that the mixing of gasoline with diesel-biodiesel blends brings about elongated ignition delay,increased heat release rate and in-cylinder pressure at high ***,by adding gasoline,the combustion duration is shortened and soot,CO and unburned hydrocarbon emissions are suppressed,while NOx emissions are slightly *** stability is found to be partially disrupted in the presence of gasoline whereas fuel economy(at medium and high loads)is improved by the addition of *** support the wider deployment and commercialization of this fuelling strategy in the transportation sector,favourable legislation and/or fiscal incentives are needed in countries around the *** would encourage researchers,fuel producers and engine manufacturers alike to solve challenges such as biodiesel feedstock costs,fuel quality,fuel storage management and engine warranty issues.

关键词： biodiesel-diesel-gasoline blends combustion characteristics improvement engine performance enhancement net-zero emissions targets alternative fuels adaptation greenhouse gas control climate change

Corrected Statistical Energy Analysis Model in a Non-Reverberant Acoustic Space

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Sound & Vibration 2021年第3期55卷 203-219页

作者： Al Munawir Azma Putra Iwan Prasetiyo Wan Mohd farid Wan Mohamad Safarudin Herawan Jurusan Teknik Mesin Universitas Teuku UmarMeulaboh23615Indonesia Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal Universiti Teknikal Malaysia MelakaMelaka76100Malaysia Acoustic Laboratory Department of Engineering PhysicsInstitut Teknologi BandungBandung40132Indonesia Department of Industrial Engineering Bina Nusantara UniversityJakarta11480Indonesia

Statistical Energy Analysis(SEA)is a well-known method to analyze the flow of acoustic and vibration energy in a complex *** study investigates the application of the corrected SEA model in a non-reverberant acoustic space where the direct field component from the sound source dominates the total sound field rather than a diffuse field in a reverberant space which the classical SEA model assumption is based on.A corrected SEA model is proposed where the direct field component in the energy is removed and the power injected in the subsystem considers only the remaining power after the loss at first *** was conducted in a box divided into two rooms separated by a partition with an opening where the condition of reverberant and non-reverberant can conveniently be *** the case of a non-reverberant space where acoustic material was installed inside the wall of the experimental box,the signals are corrected by eliminating the direct field component in the measured impulse *** the corrected SEA model,comparison of the coupling loss factor(CLF)and damping loss factor(DLF)with the theory shows good agreement.

关键词： Statistical Energy Analysis(SEA) non-reverberant space coupling loss factor(CLF) damping loss factor(DLF) room acoustics

Influences of anionic and cationic dopants on the morphology and optical properties of PbS nanostructures

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第10期23卷 566-572页

作者： Ramin Yousefi Mohsen Cheragizade farid Jamali-sheini M. R. Mahmoudian Abdolhossein Saaédi Nay Ming Huang Depertment of Physics Masjed-Soleiman Branch Islamic Azad University (I.A.U.) Masjed-Soleiman Iran Department of Electrical Engineering Bushehr Branch Islamic Azad University (I.A.U.) Bushehr Iran Department of Physics Ahwaz Branch Islamic Azad University Ahwaz Iran Department of Chemistry Shahid Sherafat University of Farhangian 15916 Tehran Iran Low Dimensional Materials Research Center Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Selenium and zinc are used as anionic and cationic dopant elements to dope PbS nanostructures. The undoped and doped PbS nanostructures are grown using a thermal evaporation method. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） results show similar morphologies for the undoped and doped PbS nanostructures. X-ray diffraction （XRD） patterns of three sets of the nanostructures indicate that these nanostructures each have a PbS structure with a cubic phase. Evidence of dopant incorporation is demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. Raman spectra of the synthesized samples con- firm the XRD results and indicate five Raman active modes, which relate to the PbS cubic phase for all the nanostructures. Room temperature photoluminescence （PL） and UV-Vis spectrometers are used to study optical properties of the undoped and doped PbS nanostructures. Optical characterization shows that emission and absorption peaks are in the infrared （IR） region of the electromagnetic spectrum for all PbS nanostructures. In addition, the optical studies of the doped PbS nanos- tructures reveal that the band gap of the Se-doped PbS is smaller, and the band gap of the Zn-doped PbS is bigger than the band gap of the undoped PbS nanostructures.

关键词： PbS nanostructures anionic dopant cationic dopant thermal evaporation optical properties

Robotic Surgery of the Mediastinum: A Review

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2022年第3期12卷 70-84页

作者： farid Gharagozloo Center for Advanced Thoracic Surgery Global Robotics Institute Adventhealth Celebration University of Central Florida Orlando USA

Background: The mediastinum is a complex anatomical region which contains many vital structures. Many aspects of mediastinal surgery, like that for other anatomic regions, have evolved from a maximally invasive approach involving a median sternotomy, anterior mediastinotomy, mediastinoscopy or thoracotomy, to a minimally invasive video-assisted approach. Robotic surgery is presently the most advanced form of minimally invasive surgery. Methods: We reviewed our experience with a robotic approach to mediastinal pathology. In addition, an extensive search was conducted using PubMed, in order to extract references for the application of robotics to surgical conditions of the mediastinum. Results: The first robotic procedure by our group was a mediastinal procedure in 2003. In the past eighteen years, 203 patients have undergone robotic surgery for mediastinal pathology. There were 119 procedures for the Anterior Mediastinum, 33 procedures for the Middle Mediastinum, and 51 procedures for the Posterior Mediastinum. 78 patients underwent robotic thymectomy using a left-sided approach. 43/78 (55%) patients underwent radical thymectomy for Myasthenia Gravis. Thymoma was histologically identified in 32% of patients with Myasthenia Gravis. In patients with thymoma, there was no tumor recurrence. In patients with Myasthenia Gravis, the overall improvement rate after robotic radical complete thymectomy was 91% (39/43). Following robotic surgery for the mediastinal disease, the median hospitalization was 3 days, major complications occurred in 0.9% of patients and there was no mortality. Conclusion: With the advent of robotic surgery, many of the current surgical approaches to diseases of the mediastinum will likely be replaced over time by robotic surgery. When applied to the mediastinum, robotics has a number of benefits when compared to conventional Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery (VATS) including three-dimensional visualization, magnification of the operative field, precise

关键词： Mediastinum Robotic Surgery Anterior Mediastinal Mass Posterior Mediastinal Mass

Mechanical and thermodynamical stability of BiVO4 polymorphs using first-principles study

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第3期26卷 395-403页

作者： A K M farid UI Islam Md Nurul Huda Liton H M Tariqul Islam Md Al Helal Md Kamruzzaman Department of Computer Science and Engineering Begum Rokeya University Rangpur Rangpur-5400 Bangladesh Department of Physics Begum Rokeya University Rangpur Rangpur-5400 Bangladesh Department of Chemistry Begum Rokeya University Rangpur Rangpur-5400 Bangladesh Department of Physics and Materials Science and Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China

First principles calculations of structural, electronic, mechanical, and thermodynamic properties of different poly- morphs of BiVO4 are performed using Bender-type plane/wave ultrasoft pseudopotentials within the generalized gradient approximation （GGA） in the flame of density functional theory （DFT）. The calculated structural and electronic properties are consistent with the previous theoretical and experimental results. The electronic structures reveal that m-BiVO4, op- BiVO4, and st-BiVO4 have indirect band gaps, on the other hand, zt-BiVO4 has a direct band gap. From the DOS and Mulliken＇s charge analysis, it is observed that only m-BiVO4 has 6s2 Bi lone pair. Bond population analysis indicates that st-BiVO4 shows a more ionic nature and a similar result is obtained from the elastic properties. From the elastic prop- erties, it is observed that st-BiVO4 is more mechanically stable than the others, st-BiVO4 is more ductile and useful for high electro-optical and electro-mechanical coupling devices. Our calculated thermodynamic properties confirm the similar characteristics found from electronic and elastic properties, m-BiVO4 is useful as photocatalysts, solid state electrolyte, and electrode and other polymorphs are applicable in electronic device fabrications.

关键词： BiVO4 crystal structure lone pair mechanical stability

Algorithm for Surgical Decision Making in Patients with Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2022年第10期12卷 235-244页

作者： farid Gharagozloo Institute for Advanced Thoracic Surgery Orlando USA University of Central Florida College of Medicine Orlando USA University of Central Florida Lake Nona Medical Center Orlando USA

Purpose: Historically the classification of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS) has been based on symptoms rather than the underlying pathology. Therefore, TOS has been classified into Neurogenic (NTOS), Venous (VTOS or Paget Schroetter Syndrome) and Arterial (ATOS) subgroups. This classification has resulted in confusion among medical practitioners, difficulty in making the diagnosis, and the poor results with surgical intervention. Methods: The published papers from PubMed on the newer understanding of the pathogenesis and the surgical treatment of TOS were reviewed. Results: More recently TOS has been classified based on the underlying pathologic entity. Based on this classification, patients who are suspected of having TOS should be classified as having 1. Cervical Rib Disease (CRD), or 2. TOS as the result of “Subclavian Vein Compression Syndrome”. This classification has resulted in more accurate diagnosis, better patient selection for surgery, and excellent surgical results. This paper outlines the algorithm for making the appropriate diagnosis in patients who present with neurovascular symptoms of the upper extremity and the selection of the appropriate patients for surgery. Conclusion: Based on the algorithm for surgical decision making, patients with Cervical Rib Disease should undergo cervical exploration and resection of the pathologic entity which results in compression of the brachial plexus or the subclavian artery in the neck. Patients with Thoracic outlet Syndrome who are found to have extrinsic compression of the subclavian vein by a pathologic tubercle at the sternocostal joint on Multiphasic MRA should undergo robotic first rib resection.

关键词： Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Robotic First Rib Resection Neurogenic TOS Venous TOS Arterial TOS Algorithm