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Disease Resistance in Maize and the Role of Molecular Breeding in Defending Against Global Threat

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第3期54卷 134-151页

作者： farhan ali Jianbing Yan National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China Cereal Crop Research Institute （CCRI） Pirsabak Nowshehra Pakistan

Diseases are a potential threat to global food security but plants have evolved an extensive array of methodologies to cope with the invading pathogens. Non-host resistance and quantitative re- sistance are broad spectrum forms of resistance, and all kinds of resistances are controlled by extremely diverse genes called ＂R- genes＂. R-genes follow different mechanisms to defend plants and PAMP-induced defenses in susceptible host plants are referred to as basal resistance. Genetic and phenotypic diversity are vital in maize （Zea mays L.）; as such, genome wide association study （GWAS） along with certain other methodologies can explore the maximum means of genetic diversity. Exploring the complete genetic archi- tecture to manipulate maize genetically reduces the losses from hazardous diseases. Genomic studies can reveal the interaction be- tween different genes and their pathways. By confirming the specific role of these genes and protein-protein interaction （proteomics） via advanced molecular and bioinformatics tools, we can shed a light on the most complicated and abstruse phenomena of resistance.

关键词： Maize concept of pathology R-genes types of resistance genetic diversity genome wide association study.

RNA-seq reveals mechanisms of SlMX1 for enhanced carotenoids and terpenoids accumulation along with stress resistance in tomato

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Science Bulletin 2017年第7期62卷 476-485页

作者： Mohamed Ewas Yangqiang Gao farhan ali Elsayed M. Nishawy Raheel Shahzad Hizar Subthain Mohamed Amar Cathie Martin Jie Luo National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan) College of Life Sdence and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China Egyptian Deserts Gene Bank (EDGB) Genetic Resources Department Cairo Egypt Deserts Research Center (DRC) Cairo Egypt John lnnes Centre Norwich Research Park Colney Norwich NR4 7UH UK

Improving nutritional fruit quality and impacts important agro-traits such as biotic or abiotic stresses are extremely important for human *** previous study reported that manipulation of Sl MX1 gene enhanced carotenoids accumulation and drought resistance in ***,RNA-Seq analysis proved to be a very useful tool to provide insights into the regulatory mechanisms of Sl MX1 involved in stress resistance and enhanced secondary *** analysis showed that overexpression of Sl MX1 results in substantially increased broad-spectrum tolerance to a wide-range of abiotic and biotic(fungus,bacteria,virus and insects) stresses in *** research appears to be of remarkable interest because enhanced terpenoids content has been achieved by increasing trichome *** addition,we reported two types of trichome which seems to be aberrant types in *** study unravels the mechanism of regulation of Sl MX1,which simultaneously modulates resistance and metabolic processes through regulating key structural and regulatory genes of the corresponding pathways.

关键词： Tomato SlMX1 Resistance Carotenoids Terpenoids Mechanism RNA Seq

Genetic dissection of N use efficiency using maize inbred lines and testcrosses

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The Crop Journal 2023年第4期11卷 1242-1250页

作者： Xiaoyang Liu Kunhui He farhan ali Dongdong Li Hongguang Cai Hongwei Zhang Lixing Yuan Wenxin Liu Guohua Mi Fanjun Chen Qingchun Pan Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Cereal Crops Research Institute Pirsabak NowsheraPakistan College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Jilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun 130033JilinChina Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Sanya Institute China Agricultural UniversitySanya 572025HainanChina

Although the use of heterosis in maize breeding has increased crop productivity,the genetic causes underlying heterosis for nitrogen(N) use efficiency(NUE) have been insufficiently *** this study,five N-response traits and five low-N-tolerance traits were investigated using two inbred line populations(ILs) consisting of recombinant inbred lines(RIL) and advanced backcross(ABL) populations,derived from crossing Ye478 with *** populations were crossed with P178 to construct two testcross *** populations,their testcross populations,and the midparent heterosis(MPH)for NUE were *** weight,kernel number,and kernel number per row were sensitive to N level and ILs showed higher N response than did the testcross *** on a highdensity linkage map,138 quantitative trait loci(QTL) were mapped,each explaining 5.6%–38.8% of genetic *** were 52,34 and 52 QTL for IL populations,MPH,and testcross populations,*** finding that 7.6% of QTL were common to the ILs and their testcross populations and that 11.7% were common to the MPH and testcross population indicated that heterosis for NUE traits was regulated by non-additive and non-dominant loci.A QTL on chromosome 5 explained 27% of genetic variation in all of the traits and Gln1-3 was identified as a candidate gene for this ***-wide prediction of NUE traits in the testcross populations showed 14%–51% *** results may be useful for clarifying the genetic basis of heterosis for NUE traits and the candidate gene may be used for genetic improvement of maize NUE.

关键词： Maize Nitrogen use efficiency Heterosis Genetic basis

Local nitrogen application increases maize post-silking nitrogen uptake of responsive genotypes via enhanced deep root growth

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第1期22卷 235-250页

作者： CHEN Zhe REN Wei YI Xia LI Qiang CAI Hong-guang farhan ali YUAN Li-xing MI Guo-hua PAN Qing-chun CHEN Fan-jun College of Resources and Environmental Sciences/National Academy of Agriculture Green Development/Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions Ministry of EducationChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193P.R.China Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University Sanya 572025P.R.China Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environment Jilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun 130033P.R.China Cereal Crops Research Institute Pirsabak Nowshera 24110Pakistan

Nitrogen(N)is unevenly distributed throughout the soil and plant roots proliferate in N-rich soil ***,the relationship between the root response to localized N supply and maize N uptake efficiency among different genotypes is *** this study,four maize varieties were evaluated to explore genotypic differences in the root response to local N application in relation to N uptake.A split-root system was established for hydroponically-grown plants and two methods of local N application(local banding and local dotting)were examined in the *** differences in the root length response to N were highly correlated between the hydroponic and field conditions(r>0.99).Genotypes showing high response to N,ZD958,XY335 and XF32D22,showed 50‒63%longer lateral root length and 36‒53%greater root biomass in N-rich regions under hydroponic conditions,while the LY13 genotype did not respond to *** field conditions,the root length of the high-response genotypes was found to increase by 66‒75%at 40‒60 cm soil depth,while LY13 showed smaller changes in root *** addition,local N application increased N uptake at the post-silking stage by 16‒88%in the high-response genotypes and increased the grain yield of ZD958 by 10‒12%.Moreover,yield was positively correlated with root length at 40‒60 cm soil depth(r=0.39).We conclude that local fertilization should be used for high-response genotypes,which can be rapidly identified at the seedling stage,and selection for“local-N responsive roots”can be a promising trait in maize breeding for high nitrogen uptake efficiency.

关键词： genotypic difference local nitrogen maize nitrogen efficient root

Amiodarone Improper Rapid Intravenous Injection Can Be Ended with Serious Complications and Even Death

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2015年第4期3卷 191-193页

作者： Hasan ali farhan Israa Fadhil Yaseen Department of Cardiology Baghdad Teaching Hospital-Medical City Iraqi Board for Medical Specializations Scientific Councilof Cardiology Baghdad 00964 Iraq Department of Cardiology Baghdad Teaching Hospital-Medical City lraqi Board for Medical Specializations Scientific Councilof Clinical Pharmacy Baghdad 00964 Iraq

Amiodarone is one of the widely used antiarrhythmic drugs related to class III, used in the treatment of SVT （supraventricular） and ventricular arrhythmias. However, improper use of this drug such as pushing high concentration with rapid injection can increase the rate of adverse effects. The most common adverse effects associated with intravenous amiodarone are hypotension （16%）, heart block or bradycardia （4.9%）, and peripheral phlebitis （8-55%）, this can be treated by diluting the drug and slowing the rate of infusion or discontinuing the drug. In addition, hypotension can be refractory and lead to a fatal outcome and death. Because phlebitis may occur, the drug should be given through a central line when possible. Some literatures refer to the administration of intravenous amiodarone in the treatment of arrhythmias such as in SVT, as ＂given over 10 minute＂ without focusing on the dilution and rate of infusion, therefore many residents give it with rapid direct intravenous injection without dilution and even during less than 10 minutes. From currently daily practice we are reporting two cases of amiodarone improper administration, first case ＂amiodarone-associated refractory hypotension＂ and second case ＂amiodarone-associated death＂.

关键词： Amiodarone hypotension phlebitis pulseless electrical activity CCU.

Haplotype-based Genome-wide Association Study of Resistance Loci to Northern Leaf Blight in Maize

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Haplotype-based Genome-wide Association Study of Resistance ...

Prolonged QTc Interval Is an Electrophysiological Hallmark of Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy

第十二届全国植物基因组学大会

作者： farhan ali George Mahuku National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Global Maize Program International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)Apdo 6600Mexico

Genome-wide association mapping(GWAS) have emerged as an influential tactic for detecting genes underlying complex *** revealing the genetic architecture of maize for Northern Leaf Blight(NLB) quantitative disease resistance,a total of 999 globally diverse maize inbred lines were genotyped with the Illumina maize SNP50 *** the SNP data,population structure analysis and haplotype-based association mapping were conducted.A multi-environment phenotypic data,were collected for rating,mean rating and area under disease progress curve(AUDPC).

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2014年第1期4卷 33-39页

作者： Adnan Bashir Bhatti farhan ali Siddique Akbar Satti Capital Development Authority (CDA) Hospital Islamabad Pakistan

BACKGROUND: Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy is a relatively ill-characterized condition, which is often under-diagnosed due to absence of defined diagnostic criteria. ECG showing corrected QT Interval prolongation is the most suitable available option for diagnosis of this condition. OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of corrected QT interval prolongation in patients with liver cirrhosis. METHODOLOGY: Patients (n = 166) with confirmed cirrhosis, 30 years or older, presented in the outpatient and emergency department of medicine at Capital Hospital Islamabad between 1 October 2011 and 30 September 2012, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study after taking consent. ECG was done using calibrated ECG machine, and the QT Interval was measured. Corrected QT was calculated using Bazett’s formula and a QTc of more than 0.44 seconds was considered as being prolonged. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 57.05 ± 12.03 years. The corrected QT Interval varied from 337 ms to 560 ms. The mean QTc Interval was 429.92 ms ± 45.11. QTc was prolonged in 41 out of 166 patients (24.7%). Frequency of QTc prolongation was 4.5% in Child Pugh Grade A, 23.2% in Child Pugh Grade B, and 32.0% in Child Pugh Grade C. Association of Child Pugh Scoring with QTc prolongation was determined and found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: QTc interval was prolonged in 24.7% of cirrhotic patients in our study. There was a significant increase in frequency with worsening of Child Pugh Grade, thereby indicating an association between QTc prolongation and the severity of cirrhosis.

关键词： Cirrhosis QT Interval Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy

Association between Chronic Kidney Disease and Depression

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2014年第2期4卷 55-60页

作者： Adnan Bashir Bhatti farhan ali Siddique A. Satti Capital Development Authority (CDA) Hospita Islamabad Pakistan

Background: Depression is relatively prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Knowing the frequency of depression in these patients, the association with variables such as stage of disease, education, and income status may be helpful in devising strategies for better management. Methods: We examined 315 patients diagnosed with CKD presented in the outpatient and emergency department of medicine at Capital Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan. Depression was diagnosed according to the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale of depressive episode. Results: In the dialysis group, 83.8% were depression positive, while in the pre-dialysis group only 61.3% of patients were given the same diagnosis (P < 0.05). A significant association was moreover found between depression and education status (P < 0.05), but not for income status. Conclusions: Considering the high incidence of depression in CKD patients, screenings should be routinely performed in order to identify and treat depression in its early stages for these patients.

关键词： Chronic Kidney Disease Depression Education Status Dialysis

Metformin Induced Lactic Acidosis What Is the Effective Treatment?

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2020年第1期10卷 11-17页

作者： Manal Alotaibi farhan ali Sharon Leung Rebecca Kent University of Maryland Medical Center Baltimore MD USA Montefiore Medical Center Bronx NY USA

Metformin is known to be an effective treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metformin induced lactic acidosis (MALA) is a serious illness which should identify and treat urgently. In this review article, we will present our own data and review the literature to highlight the importance of recognizing MALA;causes, presentations and the proper treatment, even though there are few published studies discussing MALA treatment modalities. The two cases that we presented here were patients admitted to the ICU and undergoing hemodynamic instability, which improved after removal of Metformin and clearance of associated lactic acidosis with SLED and CVVH. A case could be made for SLED and CVVH as modalities of choice for patients with MALA and hemodynamic instability, but further research is needed in this direction.

关键词： MALA (Metformin Induced Lactic Acidosis) AKI (Acute Kidney Injury) CRRT (Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy)