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Highly spatial and temporal bottom-up vehicle emission characterization and its control in a typical ecology-preservation area

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Eco-Environment & Health 2022年第3期1卷 156-164页

作者： Pengju Bie fanyuan deng Bi Chen Li Wang Fan Yang Jianguo Zhou Huan Liu Kebin He State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution ComplexSchool of EnvironmentInternational Joint Laboratory on Low Carbon Clean Energy InnovationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Technique Center of Kweichow Moutai Co.Ltd. Renhuai 564501China

The Chishui River Valley is a microscale ecology-preservation area with industrial *** significance of evaluating vehicular emissions has been gradually highlighted with the rapid development of the local transportation and tourism *** study provides the first estimates based on both bottom-up and top-down *** annual total emissions of CO,NOx,hydrocarbons(HC),PM10,and PM2.5 in 2019 were 347.8,189.6,46.3,6.9,and 6.3 Mg,*** contributed the most(55%)to the NOx emissions,followed by heavy-duty passenger vehicles(26%).In contrast,light-duty passenger vehicles and motorcycles generated 75%of the HC *** superior accuracy of highly spatial and temporal bottom-up estimates versus top-down estimates is validated by the similar variation trends of hourly emission intensities and enhanced concentrations relative to background observations for both NOx and CO,with Pearson correlation coefficients between the intensities and concentrations ranging from 0.79 to *** HC emissions peaked in 2013,followed by a sharp decline in 2014 and a continuous rise since then,whereas NOx emissions have kept increasing since *** indicated the necessity and urgency of effective vehicular emission *** on scenario analysis,traffic restrictions combined with upgrading the emission standards of admitted vehicles will possess huge emission reduction *** recommendations about establishing a low emission zone in the valley and supporting policies were introduced.

关键词： Vehicle Emission Bottom-up method Ecology-preservation Mitigation Low-emission zone

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Altitude-dependent gaseous emissions from freight trucks along the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor in Pakistan

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2023年第2期14卷 72-78页

作者： Asad Ali Shaikh Tingkun He fanyuan deng Zhenyu Luo Junchao Zhao Zhining Zhang Huan Liu State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution ComplexSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

Recent increases in emissions from freight transport have caused strong concerns about air quality in Pakistan,following the rapid development of projects related to the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor(CPEC).This study reported the first measurements of on-road truck emissions in Pakistan and investigated their dependence on altitude along CPEC *** from 70 trucks were measured on CPEC highways located in Islamabad(540 m above sea level),Sost(2800 m above sea level),and at the Khunjerab Pass(4693 m above sea level).Calculated emission factors for carbon monoxide,hydrocarbons,and nitrogen oxides from heavy-duty trucks in Islamabad were 12.94±1.46,15.21±1.67,and 10.69±1.34 g km^(-1)(95%confidence level),respectively,for pre-Pak-II trucks,and 12.75±2.80,14.24±3.53,and 10.24±2.34 g km^(-1)(95%confidence level),respectively,for Pak-II trucks,representing 2e20 times higher values than the emission standards in Pakistan and *** altitude increase of approximately 4000 m,with the associated changes in meteorology and fleet characteristics,induced an average increase of 103.6%,86.3%,124.5%,and 133.6%in the emission factors of carbon monoxide,hydrocarbons,nitrogen oxides,and carbon dioxide,***,on-road emissions along the CPEC were mainly influenced by truck *** study will support the budget evaluation of transport emissions from the CPEC trade fleet.

关键词： Truck emissions High altitude China-Pakistan Economic corridor Emission factors

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VOCs evaporative emissions from vehicles in China:Species characteristics of different emission processes

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2020年第1期1卷 9-19页

作者： Hanyang Man Huan Liu He Niu Kai Wang fanyuan deng Xiaotong Wang Qian Xiao Jiming Hao State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing100084China State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture Qinghai UniversityXining810003China Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control&Resource Reuse Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou350007China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing100871China China Automotive Technology and Research Center Beijing100070China

Vehicle evaporation is an essential source of VOCs in cities but is not well understood in *** emission factors from previous studies are not enough for understanding the atmospheric chemical process of vehicular evaporative *** this work,a serious of detailed VOCs speciation profiles are developed based on test processes and emission processes.A mass balance method was used to divide different emission processes during diurnal *** results show that headspace vapor of gasoline cannot represent the real-world vehicle evaporation because of the significant differences in VOCs speciation profiles,especially for *** further distinguish emissions from evaporation and exhaust,only the ratios of MTBE/benzene and MTBE/toluene can serve as indicators when considering species from all evaporative ***,emissions from different sources change significantly with the *** solve these problems,we developed a monthly comprehensive evaporation speciation *** individual profiles at the emission processes are weighted by the emission of the in-use vehicle fleet in Beijing to derive the comprehensive speciation profile of evaporative *** formation potential(OFP)and secondary organic aerosol potential(SOAP)were used to evaluate the environmental *** SOAP,100 g evaporative emissions are equal to 6.05-12.71 g toluene in different months,much higher than that given using headspace vapors,especially in winter(7.2 times higher in December).These findings would improve our understanding of the evaporative VOCs emissions in China and their environmental impacts(e.g.,O3 and SOA formation).

关键词： Vehicle evaporative emission VOC speciation profile Monthly comprehensive profile SOAP Ozone formation potential

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不利风向条件下北部湾人为源对海口市PM_(2.5)浓度影响的模拟研究

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环境科学学报 2018年第8期38卷 3197-3209页

作者：刘旭艳刘欢张强贺克斌洪朝鹏邓梵渊张倩倩梁林林张兴赢李肖霞国家卫星气象中心北京100081 清华大学环境学院北京100084 清华大学地球系统科学系北京100084 中国气象科学研究院灾害国家重点实验室和大气化学重点开放实验室北京100081 中国气象局气象探测中心北京100081

通过分析2013—2017年海口市风向频率、地面PM_(2.5)浓度及海口市所处北部湾地理位置,确定12月为北部湾对海口市最不利风向时间段.利用中尺度气象模式(WRF,Weather Research Forecast)驱动空气质量模型(CMAQ,Community Multi-scale Air ... 详细信息

通过分析2013—2017年海口市风向频率、地面PM_(2.5)浓度及海口市所处北部湾地理位置,确定12月为北部湾对海口市最不利风向时间段.利用中尺度气象模式(WRF,Weather Research Forecast)驱动空气质量模型(CMAQ,Community Multi-scale Air Quality),设置一系列数值模拟情景,深入分析北部湾人为源对海口市PM_(2.5)浓度影响.结果表明:WRF/CMAQ能很好地再现北部湾气象场和PM_(2.5)浓度的时空分布.2013年12月,北部湾人为源对海口市PM_(2.5)平均贡献率约为45.4%,其中约有90%来源于海口市自身人为源,约有10%来源于广东广西片区,海南片区除海口外其余市县贡献可忽略不计.污染时段,北部湾和海口市自身贡献率均下降,平均贡献率分别为40%和36%,表明污染时段海口市PM_(2.5)主要源区不仅来自北部湾.通过分析后向轨迹,发现污染时段均会经过一个关键区——珠三角区域,表明珠三角区域很有可能也是造成2013年12月海口市PM_(2.5)污染的主要源区.清洁时段,北部湾和海口市自身贡献率均上升,平均贡献率分别为52%和48%,表明北部湾对海口市PM_(2.5)浓度影响在清洁时段更显著.因此,北部湾未来产业规划值得关注,因为这些产业很有可能使目前海口市清洁时段变为污染时段,导致空气质量下降.

关键词：不利风向条件 PM2.5 数值模拟北部湾海口市

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NT-proBNP与h-FABP联合检测评价糖尿病患者发生心血管事件的相关性研究

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中国医药科学 2016年第21期6卷 176-178,201页

作者：周锦雄曾凡源张志伟何永能程卫邓曾斌黄金英朱启贤广东省佛山市南海区第六人民医院广东佛山528200

目的探讨NT-proBNP与h-FABP联合检测在糖尿病患者发生心血管事件的相关性。方法选择来本院急诊科、内科门诊及住院部的106例2型糖尿病患者为研究对象,将所有患者根据NT-proBNP和h-FABP水平检测结果分为A组(NT-proBNP及h-FABP均升高)、B... 详细信息

目的探讨NT-proBNP与h-FABP联合检测在糖尿病患者发生心血管事件的相关性。方法选择来本院急诊科、内科门诊及住院部的106例2型糖尿病患者为研究对象,将所有患者根据NT-proBNP和h-FABP水平检测结果分为A组(NT-proBNP及h-FABP均升高)、B组(NT-proBNP升高,h-FABP正常)、C组(NT-proBNP正常,h-FABP升高)以及D组(NT-proBNP与h-FABP正常)。并选择同期本院健康体检者33例为对照组,监测NT-proBNP及h-FABP。随访半年后,观察随访3个月和6个月时患者心血管疾病发生情况。结果 2型糖尿病患者中的NT-proBNP及h-FABP水平增高与慢性心力衰竭、高血压以及冠心病的发生率呈正相关,且随时间的延长发生率增多,并比NT-proBNP或h-FABP两者中单一升高的2型糖尿病患者发生心血管事件危险预测将更加准确,并具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对2型糖尿病患者联合监测NT-proBNP及h-FABP水平可对心血管事件做出准确的危险预测具有重要意义。

关键词： NT-proBNP h-FABP 糖尿病心血管事件

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云南红豆杉细胞发酵培养的研究

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天然产物研究与开发 1997年第3期9卷 96-96页

作者：甘烦远郑光植彭丽萍罗建平邓斌中国科学院昆明植物研究所昆明650204

利用云南红豆杉(Taxus yunnanensis)细胞悬浮培养的最佳培养条件,进行了细胞10L规模的发酵培养研究。对细胞发酵培养过程中的pH值变化、糖利用率以及细胞生长周期等实验参数进行了测定。已进行的3次发酵培养的实验结果表明:培养细胞的... 详细信息

利用云南红豆杉(Taxus yunnanensis)细胞悬浮培养的最佳培养条件,进行了细胞10L规模的发酵培养研究。对细胞发酵培养过程中的pH值变化、糖利用率以及细胞生长周期等实验参数进行了测定。已进行的3次发酵培养的实验结果表明:培养细胞的生长率已达0.4g/L.d(即12.0g/L),培养细胞中紫杉酵的含量为0.119％(其中培养液中的紫杉醇含量约占42％)。初步建立了优化的云南红豆杉细胞大量培养系统。

关键词：云南红豆杉细胞大量培养紫杉醇细胞生长速率

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