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Decline of semen quality among 10 932 males consulting for couple infertility over a 20-year period in Marseille, France

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第4期14卷 584-590页

作者： Cendrine Geoffroy-Siraudin Anderson Dieudone Loundou fanny romain Vincent Achard Blandine Courbibre Marie-He1ene Perrard Philippe Durand Marie-Roberte Guichaoua Reproduction Biology Laboratory Conception Hospital AP-HM Marseille 13005 France Aix-Marseille University UMR CNRS IMBE 7263 Faculty of medicine of Marseille Marseille 13005 France Department of medical information Conception Hospital AP-HM Marseille 147 Bd Baille Marseille 13005 France Health Laboratory Faculty of Medicine of Marseille Marseille 13005 France Centre of Assisted Reproductive Technique (CPMA) Conception Hospital AP-HM Marseille 13005 France Functional Genomic Institute of Lyon CNRS INRA ENS of Lyon Lyon 69007 France

Semen from 10 932 male partners of infertile couples was analysed and sperm parameter trends were evaluated at the Reproduction Biology Laboratory of the University Hospital of Marseille （France） between 1988 and 2007. After 3-6 days of abstinence, semen samples were collected. Measurements of seminal fluid volume, pH, sperm concentration, total sperm count, motility and detailed morphology of spermatozoa were performed. Sperm parameters were analysed on the entire population and in men with normal total numeration （〉~ 40 million per ejaculate）. The whole population demonstrated declining trends in sperm concentration （1.5% per year）, total sperm count （1.6% per year）, total motility （0.4% per year）, rapid motility （5.5% per year） and normal morphology （2.2% per year）. In the group of selected samples with total normal sperm count, the same trends of sperm quality deterioration with time were observed. Our results clearly indicate that the auality of semen decreased in this population over the study period.

关键词： environment male infertility regional differences semen quality sperm parameters

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Investigations on Fill-Factor Drop of Microcrystalline Silicon P-I-N Solar Cells Deposited onto Highly Surface-textured ZnO Substrates

Investigations on Fill-Factor Drop of Microcrystalline Silic...

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第十五届国际光伏科学与工程大会

作者： Luc Feitknecht Jer?me Steinhauser romain Schlüchter Sylvie Fa■ Didier Dominé Evelyne Vallat-Sauvin fanny Meillaud Christophe Ballif Arvind Shah Institute for Microtechnology (IMT) University of Neuchatel rue A.-L.Breguet 2 CH-2000 Neuchatel Switzerland

Various Zinc Oxide (ZnO) films deposited by Low-Pressure Chemical Vapour Deposition (LP-CVD) serving as front-contacts of μc-Si:H solar cells are fabricated. Special interest is drawn on the light-trapping performance of such front-contacts for a series of identically deposited p-i-n type solar cell devices. The surface-roughness of these front-contacts consisting of LP-CVD ZnO range from an rms value of 20 nm (low surface-roughness) up to 120 nm (highly textured ZnO surface) by varying the boron doping of the ZnO. The goal here is, to compare the influence of the substrate’s surface roughness on device characteristics while keeping other factors as constant as possible. Two clear trends were thereby observed: (a) an increase of J with increasing surface roughness and increasing haze factor, (b) a decrease in Fill-Factor (FF) at the same time. Values of open-circuit voltage (V) remain more or less stable for various front-TCO roughness. An explanation for trend (b) is given by (1) a reduced Raman crystallinity for devices deposited onto highly textured front-ZnO;and (2) a linear increase of defect density of the device’s absorber layers in function of the surface-texture of the front-ZnO.

关键词： Microcrystalline silicon thin-film solar cell devices Surface textured LP-CVD ZnO substrates Light-trapping

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