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Adaptation of Ocular Opponency Neurons Mediates Attention-Induced Ocular Dominance Plasticity

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第3期40卷 339-349页

作者： fangxing Song Lili Lyu Min Bao CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science Institute of PsychologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Institute of Neuroscience Key Laboratory of Primate NeurobiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031China

Previous research has shown that ocular dominance can be biased by prolonged attention to one eye.The ocular-opponency-neuron model of binocular rivalry has been proposed as a candidate account for this phenomenon.Yet direct neural evidence is still lacking.By manipulating the contrast of dichoptic testing gratings,here we measured the steady-state visually evoked potentials(SSVEPs)at the intermodulation frequencies to selectively track the activities of ocular-opponency-neurons before and after the“dichoptic-backward-movie”adaptation.One hour of adaptation caused a shift of perceptual and neural ocular dominance towards the unattended eye.More importantly,we found a decrease in the intermodulation SSVEP response after adaptation,which was significantly greater when high-contrast gratings were presented to the attended eye than when they were presented to the unattended eye.These results strongly support the view that the adaptation of ocular-opponency-neurons contributes to the ocular dominance plasticity induced by prolonged eye-based attention.

关键词： Attention Ocular dominance Opponency neuron Adaptation Steady-state visually evoked potential

Anthropogenic Influence on Decadal Changes in Concurrent Hot and Dry Events over China around the Mid-1990s

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 233-246页

作者： Qin SU Buwen DONG fangxing TIAN Nicholas P.KLINGAMAN Yunnan Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disasters and Climate Resources in the Great Mekong Subregion Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Department of Atmospheric Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China National Centre for Atmospheric Science Department of MeteorologyUniversity of ReadingReadingRG66BBUK Geofysisk Institut University of BergenBergen 5007Norway Citadel Investment Group Moor House120 London WallLondonRG66BBUK

The frequency and duration of observed concurrent hot and dry events(HDEs) over China during the growing season(April–September) exhibit significant decadal changes across the mid-1990s. These changes are characterized by increases in HDE frequency and duration over most of China, with relatively large increases over southeastern China(SEC), northern China(NC), and northeastern China(NEC). The frequency of HDEs averaged over China in the present day(PD,1994–2011) is double that in the early period(EP, 1964–81);the duration of HDEs increases by 60%. Climate experiments with the Met Office Unified Model(MetUM-GOML2) are used to estimate the contributions of anthropogenic forcing to HDE decadal changes over China. Anthropogenic forcing changes can explain 60%–70% of the observed decadal changes,suggesting an important anthropogenic influence on HDE changes over China across the mid-1990s. Single-forcing experiments indicate that the increase in greenhouse gas(GHG) concentrations dominates the simulated decadal changes,increasing the frequency and duration of HDEs throughout China. The change in anthropogenic aerosol(AA) emissions significantly decreases the frequency and duration of HDEs over SEC and NC, but the magnitude of the decrease is much smaller than the increase induced by GHGs. The changes in HDEs in response to anthropogenic forcing are mainly due to the response of climatological mean surface air temperatures. The contributions from changes in variability and changes in climatological mean soil moisture and evapotranspiration are relatively small. The physical processes associated with the response of HDEs to GHG and AA changes are also revealed.

关键词： concurrent hot and dry events decadal variation greenhouse gases aerosol emissions

Multi-Period Resilient Model for VSC-Based AC-DC HDS Considering Public-Safety Power Shutoff to Mitigate Wildfires

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 821-833页

作者： Zekai Wang Tao Ding Xiaosheng Zhang Chenggang Mu Pengwei Du fangxing Li School of Electrical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Electric Reliability Council of Texas AustinTX76574 USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of TennesseeKnoxville(UTK)TN37996USA

This paper proposes a voltage source converter (VSC) -based AC-DC hybrid distribution system (HDS) resilient model to mitigate power outages caused by wildfires. Before a wildfire happens, the public-safety power shutoff (PSPS) strategy is applied to actively cut some vulnerable lines which may easily cause wildfires, and reinforce some lines that are connected to critical loads. To mitigate load shedding caused by active line disconnection in the PSPS strategy, network reconfiguration is applied before the wildfire occurrence. During the restoration period, repair crews (RCs) repair faulted lines, and network reconfiguration is also taken into consideration in the recovery strategy to pick up critical loads. Since there exists possible errors in the wildfire prediction, several different scenarios of wildfire occurrence have been taken into consideration, leading to the proposition of a stochastic multi-period resilient model for the VSC-based AC-DC HDS. To accelerate the computational performance, a progressive hedging algorithm has been applied to solve the stochastic model which can be written as a mixed-integer linear program. The proposed model is verified on a 106-bus AC-DC HDS under wildfire conditions, and the result shows the proposed model not only can improve the system resilience but also accelerate computational speed.

关键词： AC-DC hybrid distribution system restoration network reconfiguration progressive hedging public safety power shutoffs strategy resilience

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论思想政治教育学科视域中的“价值引领”

马克思主义理论学科研究 2024年第3期10卷 117-127页

作者：叶方兴复旦大学马克思主义学院上海200433

“价值引领”属于思想政治教育学科的基础性概念,揭示了思想政治教育对社会成员精神世界进行的合理引导,使其作出合乎统治阶级倡导的主导价值观需要的行为。思想政治教育学科视域中“价值引领”呈现出价值性、规范性和目的性等诠释向度... 详细信息

“价值引领”属于思想政治教育学科的基础性概念,揭示了思想政治教育对社会成员精神世界进行的合理引导,使其作出合乎统治阶级倡导的主导价值观需要的行为。思想政治教育学科视域中“价值引领”呈现出价值性、规范性和目的性等诠释向度。“价值引领”在思想政治教育学科不仅具有独特的价值意蕴,而且呈现出多重学科意义:体现思想政治教育的本质属性、揭示思想政治教育的实践特征、彰显思想政治教育的核心任务。正确把握思想政治教育视域中的价值引领,应该重视价值观层面的“引”“疏”“导”,坚持正面引导和负面批判相统一,警惕以“价值应当”代替“价值引领”,合理区分“价值引领”与“思想咨商”。

关键词：价值引领思想政治教育实践规范性引导

Will the Globe Encounter the Warmest Winter after the Hottest Summer in 2023?

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第4期41卷 581-586页

作者： Fei ZHENG Shuai HU Jiehua MA Lin WANG Kexin LI Bo WU Qing BAO Jingbei PENG Chaofan LI Haifeng ZONG Yao YAO Baoqiang TIAN Hong CHEN Xianmei LANG fangxing FAN Xiao DONG Yanling ZHAN Tao ZHU Tianjun ZHOU Jiang ZHU International Center for Climate and Environment Science(ICCES) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre(NZC) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Center for Monsoon System Research(CMSR) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China CAS Key Lab of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia(RCE-TEA) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

In the boreal summer and autumn of 2023,the globe experienced an extremely hot period across both oceans and continents.The consecutive record-breaking mean surface temperature has caused many to speculate upon how the global temperature will evolve in the coming 2023/24 boreal winter.In this report,as shown in the multi-model ensemble mean(MME)prediction released by the Institute of Atmospheric Physics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences,a medium-to-strong eastern Pacific El Niño event will reach its mature phase in the following 2−3 months,which tends to excite an anomalous anticyclone over the western North Pacific and the Pacific-North American teleconnection,thus serving to modulate the winter climate in East Asia and North America.Despite some uncertainty due to unpredictable internal atmospheric variability,the global mean surface temperature(GMST)in the 2023/24 winter will likely be the warmest in recorded history as a consequence of both the El Niño event and the long-term global warming trend.Specifically,the middle and low latitudes of Eurasia are expected to experience an anomalously warm winter,and the surface air temperature anomaly in China will likely exceed 2.4 standard deviations above climatology and subsequently be recorded as the warmest winter since 1991.Moreover,the necessary early warnings are still reliable in the timely updated mediumterm numerical weather forecasts and sub-seasonal-to-seasonal prediction.

关键词： winter climate El Niño seasonal forecast GMST

不确定性冲击下货币政策传导效率研究——基于理论与实证的分析

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经济学动态 2024年第1期 12-31页

作者：杜群阳周方兴战明华浙江工业大学经济学院 310023 复旦大学经济学院 200433 广东外语外贸大学金融学院 510016

在双轨利率体系下,本文旨在研究货币政策在不确定性冲击下的传导效率及其对宏观经济的影响。通过测量中国宏观不确定性,采用结构向量自回归模型对不确定性冲击下货币政策传导效率及其对经济活动的影响进行实证分析。同时,从理论角度通... 详细信息

在双轨利率体系下,本文旨在研究货币政策在不确定性冲击下的传导效率及其对宏观经济的影响。通过测量中国宏观不确定性,采用结构向量自回归模型对不确定性冲击下货币政策传导效率及其对经济活动的影响进行实证分析。同时,从理论角度通过将双轨制利率体系特征和随机波动率冲击纳入动态随机一般均衡模型,对实证结果进行深入阐释。研究结果显示,宏观不确定性的增加将导致产出和价格水平显著下降,促使货币当局采取积极的货币政策,表现为货币市场利率的下降。与此相比,金融市场的存款利率和贷款利率的响应较小,且具有一定滞后性。通过预测误差方差分解,揭示了宏观不确定性冲击对经济衰退的重要贡献。此外,对隐性存贷款利率管制的放松将促使货币政策传导更加畅通,显著削弱了不确定性冲击的影响。总体而言,理论模型成功解释了实证分析的结果,表明货币政策利率传导不完全会导致不确定性冲击对经济周期波动的放大效应。本研究为完善中国的利率市场化改革进程以及提升市场化利率传导效率提供了启示。

关键词：不确定性冲击货币政策传导宏观经济波动利率市场化

Electrical System Planning of Large-scale Offshore Wind Farm Based on N+ Design Considering Optimization of Upper Power Limits of Wind Turbines

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第6期11卷 1784-1794页

作者： Shurong Wei Hao Wang yang Fu fangxing Li Lingling Huang IEEE Department of Electrical Power Engineering Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghai 200090China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA

Electrical system planning of the large-scale offshore wind farm is usually based on N-1 security for equipment lectotype. However, in this method, owing to the aggregation effect in large-scale offshore wind farms, offshore electrical equipment operates under low load for long periods, thus wasting resources. In this paper, we propose a method for electrical system planning of the large-scale offshore wind farm based on the N+ design. A planning model based on the power-limited operation of wind turbines under the N+ design is constructed, and a solution is derived with the optimization of the upper power limits of wind turbines. A comprehensive evaluation and game analysis of the economy, risk of wind abandonment, and environmental sustainability of the planned offshore electrical systems have been conducted. Moreover, the planning of an infield collector system, substation, and transmission system of an offshore electrical system based on the N+ design is integrated. For a domestic offshore wind farm, evaluation results show that the proposed planning method can improve the efficiency of wind energy utilization while greatly reducing the investment cost of the electrical system.

关键词： Electrical system N+design offshore wind farm planning optimization

基于运动学标定和空间插值的机器人定位误差补偿

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电子测量技术 2024年第4期47卷 51-57页

作者：邹方星范百兴陈哲战略支援部队信息工程大学地理空间信息学院郑州450001

绝对定位精度是衡量机器人性能的重要指标。为提升工业机器人的绝对定位精度,提出一种融合运动学标定和空间插值的定位误差分级标定的方法。首先基于D-H法建立机器人运动学模型,运用微分运动学理论建立机器人末端位置误差模型,结合IGG3... 详细信息

绝对定位精度是衡量机器人性能的重要指标。为提升工业机器人的绝对定位精度,提出一种融合运动学标定和空间插值的定位误差分级标定的方法。首先基于D-H法建立机器人运动学模型,运用微分运动学理论建立机器人末端位置误差模型,结合IGG3权因子函数采用抗差岭估计辨识了运动学参数。而后基于机器人定位误差空间相似性特点,采用空间插值法对剩余误差进行补偿。最后通过实验对所提出的方法进行了验证。结果表明:机器人定位误差RMS值由补偿前的0.812 mm减小为0.049 mm,精度提高了93.97%。该方法能够有效减小机器人的绝对定位误差,提高定位精度。

关键词：工业机器人分级标定抗差岭估计反距离权重插值

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基于压缩感知的井下振动高频测量方法研究

电子测量技术 2024年第6期47卷 20-27页

作者：方昕沈澜李飞吕方兴西安石油大学计算机学院西安710065 西安市油气及新能源开发装备智能化重点实验室西安710065 西安石油大学电子工程学院西安710065

井下振动信号的高频测量信息能记录有关钻具动态响应的更具体细节,有益于分析诊断井下的异常振动,但是高频测量会产生大量的测量数据,导致井下振动测量设备的数据存储压力非常大。本文提出了一种基于压缩感知技术的井下振动信号的高频... 详细信息

井下振动信号的高频测量信息能记录有关钻具动态响应的更具体细节,有益于分析诊断井下的异常振动,但是高频测量会产生大量的测量数据,导致井下振动测量设备的数据存储压力非常大。本文提出了一种基于压缩感知技术的井下振动信号的高频测量方法。通过选择性稀疏采集和存储井下振动数据,并利用信号重构算法,恢复高频测量结果。在该方法实现的过程中,提出一种分层抗频谱泄露的傅里叶字典构建和改进的分层追踪OMP信号重构算法,显著降低了信号重构时间。仿真和实验测试结果表明:该方法对振动信号的压缩感知采集效果较好,系统压缩比为18.9,重构分贝误差为52.1 dB。该方法有效减轻了井下振动测量设备的数据存储压力,为获取井下振动的高频测量数据提供了一种新途径。

关键词：压缩感知井下振动稀疏字典