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Current status and challenges of pig-to-human organ xenotransplantation

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 829-831页

作者： Minghui fang Yong-Guang Yang zheng Hu Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration&Transplantation of Ministry of Education and National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human DiseasesThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China

Organ shortage is a global *** collected by the Global Observatory on Donation and Transplantation reveals that over 150,000 solid organ transplants are conducted globally each year,a 52%increase from 2010(http://***/... 详细信息

关键词： globally global shortage

Impacts of permafrost degradation on streamflow in the northern Himalayas

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1990-2000页

作者： Linfeng FAN fang JI Xingxing KUANG Zhilin GUO Rui ZHANG Chunmiao zheng State Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Engineering Resilience Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610299China Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development Hohai UniversityNanjing 210024China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Eastern Institute for Advanced Study Ningbo 315200China

The Himalayan water tower provides crucial water resources for *** degradation is deemed to exert important impacts on streamflow in the Himalayan ***,the magnitudes of such impacts remain poorly ***,we established a robust hydrological model that incorporated active layer deepening and ground ice melt for the drainage basin of the largest river in the northern Himalayas-the Yarlung Zangbo River(YZR).We estimated that permafrost degradation led to~0.65 km^(3)/yr decrease in surface runoff and~0.35 km^(3)/yr increase in baseflow and ground ice melt contributed~0.25% to the annual streamflow in the YZR for the period ***“fill-and-spill”mechanism helps explain the seeming contradiction of observed increasing versus decreasing baseflow in different permafrost regions *** propose that the dilution of riverine dissolved organic carbon(DOC)concentrations by baseflow may lead to the riverine DOC hysteresis *** study not only lays solid scientific basis for water resources management in the Himalayas,but also yields new insights into how to interpret measured river discharge and nutrient flux in permafrost regions over the globe.

关键词： Permafrost degradation Hydrology Streamflow Surface runoff Groundwater Himalayas

A methodology for laser tool setters calibration and its precise mathematical model

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第7期37卷 564-581页

作者： Tao fang Zixi fang Ze Zhong CHEN Zhiyong CHANG School of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science Concordia UniversityMontrealQuebec H3G 1M8Canada Changsha Optimum CNC Corporation Changsha 410221China Institute for Aero-engine Smart Assembly of Shaanxi Province Xi’an 710072China

On-machine tool setting is a pivotal approach in achieving intelligent manufacturing,and laser tool setters have become a crucial component of smart machine *** tool setters play a crucial role in precisely measuring the dimensions of cutting tools during the part machining process,focusing on tool length and *** a measuring instrument,the positions of the laser axis of the laser tool setter need to be accurately calibrated before ***,in actual calibration scenarios,traditional calibration methods face challenges due to installation errors in the tool setter and geometric errors in the measuring *** address this issue,this study proposes a novel calibration ***,the calibration mechanism of the laser beam axis is *** on the accurate mathematical model of the laser beam and the measuring rod,and using the polygon clipping algorithm,the mathematical mechanism of the laser tool setter’s work is ***,a novel method is introduced to calculate the compensation distance between the laser beam reference point and the rod bottom center point at each moment during ***,by utilizing the kinematic chain of the tool setter calibration system,a new calibration method is developed to accurately calibrate the position of the laser beam axis in the machine tool coordinate ***,the accuracy of the calibration method is verified through simulation experiments and calibration *** method improves the calibration accuracy of the tool setter,and the mathematical model of the laser tool setter can be extended to the measurement of tools,thereby improving the precision of tool *** research significantly improves the efficient production performance of smart machine tools.

关键词： On-machine tool setting Smart machine tools Mathematical model Calibration method Laser tool sette

Efficient and reversible separation of NH_(3) by deep eutectic solvents with multiple active sites and low viscosities

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期67卷 97-105页

作者： Jiayin Zhang Lu zheng Siqi fang Hongwei Zhang Zhenping Cai Kuan Huang Lilong Jiang National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst(NERC-CFC) College of Chemical EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350002China Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory Quanzhou 362801China

The efficient separation and collection of ammonia(NH_(3))during NH_(3) synthesis process is essential to improve the economic efficiency and protect the *** this work,ethanolammonium hydrochloride(EtOHACl)and phenol(PhOH)were used to prepare a novel class of deep eutectic solvents(DESs)with multiple active sites and low *** NH_(3) separation performance of EtOHACl+PhOH DESs was analyzed *** is figured out that the NH_(3) absorption rates in EtOHACl+PhOH DESs are very *** NH_(3) absorption capacities are very high and reach up to 5.52 and 10.74 mol·kg1 at 11.2 and 100.4 kPa under 298.2 K,*** addition,the EtOHACl+PhOH DESs present highly selective absorption of NH_(3) over N_(2) and H_(2) and good regenerative properties after seven cycles of absorption/*** intrinsic separation mechanism of NH_(3) by EtOHACl+PhOH DESs was further revealed by spectroscopic analysis and quantum chemistry calculations.

关键词： Separation Absorption Ionic liquid Deep eutectic solvent Multiple active site Low viscosity

Revolutionizing tumor immunotherapy:unleashing the power of progenitor exhausted T cells

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第6期21卷 499-512页

作者： Zhang fang Xinyi Ding Hao Huang Hongwei Jiang Jingting Jiang Xiao zheng Department of Tumor Biological Treatment The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhou 213003China Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhou 213003China Institute for Cell Therapy of Soochow University The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhou 213003China

In exploring persistent infections and malignancies, a distinctive subgroup of CD8^(+) T cells, progenitor exhausted CD8^(+) T(Tpex) cells, has been identified. These Tpex cells are notable for their remarkable self-renewal and rapid proliferation abilities. Recent strides in immunotherapy have demonstrated that Tpex cells expand and differentiate into responsive exhausted CD8^(+) T cells, thus underscoring their critical role in the immunotherapeutic retort. Clinical examinations have further clarified a robust positive correlation between the proportional abundance of Tpex cells and enhanced clinical prognosis. Tpex cells have found noteworthy applications in the formulation of inventive immunotherapeutic approaches against tumors. This review describes the functions of Tpex cells in the tumor milieu, particularly their potential utility in tumor immunotherapy. Precisely directing Tpex cells may be essential to achieving successful outcomes in immunotherapy against tumors.

关键词： Progenitor exhausted CD8^(+)T cells TCF-1 immunotherapy tumor microenvironment cellular crosstalk

Implementation of gastrointestinal function protection in severe acute pancreatitis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第5期23卷 521-522页

作者： Fu-zheng Tao Rong-Lin Jiang Shui-fang Jin Intensive Care Unit Taizhou Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine HospitalTaizhou 310075China Intensive Care Unit the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University(Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)Hangzhou 310006China

Severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)is a serious systemic disease associated with strong local inflammatory reactions and serious systemic pathophysiological disorders caused by trypsin *** with SAP are prone to exhibit gastrointestinal ***,gastrointestinal dysfunction further aggravates the systemic inflammatory response and metabolic abnormalities,resulting in a more critical condition of *** dysfunction is considered to be the“trigger”of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome[1].Thus,it is important to maintain gastrointestinal homeostasis in the treatment of SAP.

关键词： gastrointestinal pancreatitis acute

Large eddy simulation of flow over a three-dimensional hill with different slope angles

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2024年第1期18卷 98-111页

作者： Liang LI Deqian zheng Guixiang CHEN Pingzhi fang Wenyong MA Shengming TANG School of Civil Engineering Henan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450001China Henan International Joint Laboratory of Modern Green Ecological Storage System Zhengzhou 450001China Henan Key Laboratory of Grain Storage Facility and Safety Zhengzhou 450001China Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration Shanghai 200030China Wind Engineering Research Center Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050043China

Slope variation will significantly affect the characteristics of the wind field around a *** paper conducts a large-eddy simulation(LES)on an ideal 3D hill to study the impact of slope on wind field *** slopes ranging from 10°to 45°at 5°intervals are considered,which covers most conventional hill *** inflow turbulence for the LES is generated by adopting a modified generation method that combines the equilibrium boundary conditions with the Fluent inherent vortex method to improve the simulation *** time-averaged flow field and the instantaneous vortex structure under the eight slopes are comparatively *** accuracy of the present method is verified by comparison with experimental *** slope can affect both the mean and fluctuating wind flow fields around the 3D hill,especially on the hilltop and the leeward side,where a critical slope of 25°can be *** fluctuating wind speeds at the tops of steep hills(with slope angles beyond 25°)decrease with increasing slope,while the opposite phenomenon occurs on gentle *** increasing slope,the energy of the high-speed descending airflow is enhanced and pushes the separated flow closer to the hill surface,resulting in increased wind speed near the wall boundary on the leeward side and inhibiting the development of *** vortex shedding trajectory in the wake region becomes wider and longer,suppressing the growth of the mean wind near the wall boundary and enhancing the turbulence intensity.

关键词： large eddy simulation inflow turbulence topographic wind field critical slope flow mechanism

Triangle-free Graphs with Three Positive Eigenvalues

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Algebra Colloquium 2024年第3期31卷 525-540页

作者： fang Duan School of Mathematical Sciences Xinjiang Normal UniversityUrumqi 830017China

A graph G is called triangle-free if G does not contain any triangle as its induced *** G_(n)be the set of triangle-free graphs of order n each of which has three positive *** this paper,we find 20 specific graphs in G_(n),each of which has nullity no more than 2,and we show that in terms of three graph transformations all the other graphs of G_(n)can be constructed from these 20 specific ***,we completely characterize the triangle-free graphs with exactly three positive eigenvalues.

关键词： positive(negative)inertia index nullity triangle-free graph

Superior compound coatings prepared by low-temperature vanadium-nitrocarburizing duplex treatment

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1828-1835页

作者： Gen Jin fang-fang Xu Xun-Xun Hu Yue Xu School of Chemistry Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China Guobiao(Beijing)Testing and Certification Co. LtdBeijing100088China School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China

Superior compound coatings were prepared on CK45 steel surface by vanadium-nitrocarburizing duplex treatment in low-temperature salt *** this study,the microhardness,the phase constitution and the compositional distribution in the coatings prepared under different conditions were systematically *** results indicated that the reactions among activated vanadium,carbon and nitrogen atoms occurred on the steel surface,leading to the formation of compound coatings composed of outermost and compound *** mechanism for the formation of compound layer as well as the growth kinetics of the layer was also *** the duplex treatment,the wear and corrosion resistances of steel surface were significantly *** was found that the growth kinetics of compound layer obeyed the parabolic law,with the activation energy of 122.82 kJ·moL^(-1).

关键词： Vanadium-nitrocarburizing duplex treatment Compound coatings Microstructure Formation mechanism Growth kinetics