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New Insights on Gamma-Ray Burst Radiation Mechanisms from Multiwavelength Observations

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2025年第2期25卷 3-12页

作者： Yu-Hua Yao fang-sheng min Shi Chen Yi-Qing Guo College of Physics Chongqing University Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wisconsin Ice Cube Particle Astrophysics Center University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan University Tianfu Cosmic Ray Research Center

The study of high-energy gamma-ray emission from gamma-ray bursts(GRBs) involves complex synchrotron radiation and synchrotron self-Compton(SSC) scattering mechanisms with multiple parameters exhibiting a wide distribution. Recent advancements in GRB research, particularly the observation of very high energy(VHE,>100 Ge V) radiation, have ushered in a new era of multiwavelength exploration, offering fresh perspectives and limitations for understanding GRB radiation mechanisms. This study aimed to leverage VHE observations to refine constraints on synchrotron + SSC radiation from electrons accelerated by forward shocks. By analyzing two external environments—the uniform interstellar medium and stratified stellar wind medium, we conducted spectral and variability fitting for five specific bursts(GRB 180720B, GRB 190114C, GRB 190829A, GRB 201216C, and GRB 221009A) to identify the optimal parameters characterizing these events. A comparative analysis of model parameter distributions with and without VHE radiation observations reveals that the magnetic energy equipartition factor εBis more concentrated with VHE emissions. This suggests that VHE emissions may offer greater constraints on this microphysical parameter. Additionally, we found that the energy budget between VHE and ke V–Me V γ-ray emissions under the SSC radiation exhibits an almost linear relationship, which may serve as a tool to differentiate radiation mechanisms. We anticipate future statistical analyses of additional VHE bursts to validate our findings.

关键词： (transients:) gamma-ray bursts gamma-rays: ISM radiation mechanisms: non-thermal

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Galileo multi-day precise orbit determination using L-band and SLR data

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2025年第1期16卷 99-110页

作者： Tianhe Xu Honglei Yang Song Li Zhenlong fang Wenfeng Nie min Li Baoguo Yu Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment Institute of Space Sciences Shandong University Navigation Laboratory of the 54th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation

The continuously available satellites of European Galileo currently reach more than 25. To explore the rationality and reliability of the L-band and satellite laser ranging(SLR) data processing strategies, we design the Galileo L-band, the SLR-only, and the combined L-band/SLR dynamic precise orbit determination(POD) strategies by using the normal equations(NEQs) stacking, and investigate their continuity and stability by employing the Galileo L-band data and SLR observations for the time span of the whole year of 2023, based on the Bei Dou/GNSS analysis center platform of Shandong University by using the modified Bernese GNSS Software Version 5.4. The orbital consistency of the L-band 1-day solution is the best with the Three-dimensional Root-Mean-Square(3D-RMS) values of 3.6 cm compared with the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe Multi-GNSS Experiment(COM) orbits, the corresponding values is 1.4 cm, 2.5 cm, and 2.3 cm in Radial, the Tangential, and the Normal(RTN) direction, respectively. While the SLR-only 9-day arc length is optimal with the RTN values of 5.3 cm, 30 cm, and 38.2 cm,as well as the 3D-RMS values of 48.9 cm. Encouragingly, the difference of the orbital accuracy between the combined L-band/SLR multi-day solution and the COM orbits is reduced by 0.5 cm and 0.9 cm, 0.6 cm and 1.2 cm in T-, and N-direction for the 3-and 5-day solution respectively. The corresponding values improve 0.7 cm and 0.9 cm, 1.4 cm and 1.8 cm for the 3-and 5-day orbital overlaps difference between the combined L-band/SLR and the L-band solution. Take the E09 satellite as a case study, the SLR-only orbital accuracy is regularly optimized as the multi-day arc lengthens and with the sites ***, the SLR residuals of its three types of orbits further demonstrate the positive contribution of SLR to the combination of the GNSS and SLR techniques.

关键词： Galileo POD SLR L-band NEQs stacking

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Exploration of Gas‑Dependent Self‑Adaptive Reconstruction Behavior of Cu_(2)O for Electrochemical CO_(2) Conversion to Multi‑Carbon Products

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 280-296页

作者： Chaoran Zhang Yichuan Gu Qu Jiang Ziyang sheng Ruohan Feng Sihong Wang Haoyue Zhang Qianqing Xu Zijian Yuan fang Song State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

Structural reconstruction of electrocatalysts plays a pivotal role in catalytic performances for CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR),whereas the behavior is by far superficially ***,we report that CO_(2)accessibility results in a universal self-adaptive structural reconstruction from Cu_(2)O to Cu@CuxO composites,ending with feeding gas-dependent microstructures and catalytic *** CO_(2)-rich atmosphere favors reconstruction for CO_(2)RR,whereas the CO_(2)-deficient one prefers that for hydrogen evolution *** the assistance of spectroscopic analysis and theoretical calculations,we uncover a CO_(2)-induced passivation behavior by identifying a reductionresistant but catalytic active Cu(I)-rich amorphous layer stabilized by*CO ***,we find extra CO production is indispensable for the robust production of *** inverse correlation between durability and FECO/FEC2H4 is disclosed,suggesting that the selfstabilization process involving the absorption of*CO intermediates on Cu(I)sites is essential for durable *** by this insight,we design hollow Cu_(2)O nanospheres for durable and selective CO_(2)RR electrolysis in producing *** work recognizes the previously overlooked passivation reconstruction and self-stabilizing behavior and highlights the critical role of the local atmosphere in modulating reconstruction and catalytic processes.

关键词： CO_(2)reduction reaction Electrocatalysts Cu_(2)O Reconstruction Self-adaptive electrocatalysis

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Positive effect of Mo on mechanical properties of a Ni-42W-10Co-xMo medium heavy alloy

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China Foundry 2025年第1期22卷 108-116页

作者： Guo-xin Cao Jian-xin Dong Yong-sheng He He Jiang fang Hao Zhi-hua Nie Teng-fei Ma Bao-quan Fu School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Xi'an Superalloy Technology Co. Ltd.Xi’an 710299China School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Air-driven Equipment Technology of Zhejiang Province Quzhou UniversityQuzhou 324000ZhejiangChina

In this study,a novel Ni-W-Co-Mo medium heavy alloy(MHA)was designed to improve its mechanical strength via Mo *** the Ni-42W-10Co-x Mo alloy series,where x represents the weight percent of Mo and varies between 0,1,2,5,and 10,the microstructure transitions from a dendritic structure to a hypo-eutectic structure as the Mo content increases from 0 to 5wt.%.Moreover,as the Mo content increases from 0 to 10wt.%,the distribution of theμ-phase shifts from being individually dispersed to forming aggregates,and its volume fraction rises from 0.5%to 7.9%.Notably,theμ-phase evolves into an eutectic microstructure,which helps in minimizing the segregation of *** change is accompanied by a substantial enhancement in mechanical properties;specifically,the compressive yield strength at room temperature increases from 350 MPa to 646 MPa,indicating a significant 85%***,the microhardness increases from 230 HV to 304 *** dynamics simulations further reveal that the strengthening mechanism of Ni-42W-10Co-x Mo alloys is Mo-induced solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening.

关键词： medium-heavy alloys Ni-based alloy mechanical properties solid solution strengthening precipitation strengthening

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Different Acupuncture Therapies for Postherpetic Neuralgia:An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2025年第1期31卷 55-67页

作者： XIA Yun-fan SUN Ruo-han LI Shi-min WANG Yi-yi LI Rong-rong fang Jian-qiao The Third Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou310000China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou310000China Department of Acupuncture the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou310000China

Background: Postherpetic neuralgia(PHN) is the most common complication of herpes zoster infection and affects patients' quality of life. Acupuncture therapy is regarded as a competitive method of treatment for analgesia. Objective: To summarize evidence from systematic reviews(SRs) and evaluate the effectiveness and safety of different acupuncture therapies for treating PHN. Methods: Eight electronic databases were searched from their inception to August 5, 2022, including 4 international electronic databases(PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) and 4 Chinese databases(Chinese Biomedical Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Database and Wanfang Database).Methodological quality was assessed by A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2(AMSTAR 2).The Risk of Bias in Systematic Review(ROBIS) tool was used to assess the risk of bias in SRs. Evidence level was assessed by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation(GRADE)approach. Results: Totally, 7 SRs were included, including 128 studies and 9,792 patients. In AMSTAR 2, most of the SRs were of low or critically low levels since they had more than 1 critical deficiency. In ROBIS, 1 SR(14.29%)was rated as high risk, and the other 6(85.71%) were rated as low risk. In the GRADE system, 9 outcomes(28.13%)were valued as high level, 5(15.63%) as moderate level, 1(3.13%) as low, and 17(53.13%) as very low. In the effectiveness of acupuncture therapy, the group "moxibustion vs. original medical treatment" [mean difference(MD)=–1.44, 95% confidence interval(CI): –1.80 to –1.08, I2=99%, P<0.00001] was of the highest heterogeneity and the group "bloodletting vs. original medical treatment"(MD=–2.80, 95% CI: –3.14 to –2.46, I2=0, P<0.00001)was of the lowest heterogeneity. Six SRs have reported the safety of their studies and no serious events were shown in the treatment and control groups. Conclusions: Acupuncture therapy seems to be effective in treating PH

关键词： acupuncture postherpetic neuralgia systematic review Chinese medicine

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Machine learning-based grayscale analyses for lithofacies identification of the Shahejie formation, Bohai Bay Basin, China

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Petroleum Science 2025年第1期22卷 42-54页

作者： Yu-Fan Wang Shang Xu fang Hao Hui-min Liu Qin-Hong Hu Ke-Lai Xi Dong Yang National Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum (East China) shengli Oilfield Branch Company SINOPEC

It is of great significance to accurately and rapidly identify shale lithofacies in relation to the evaluation and prediction of sweet spots for shale oil and gas reservoirs. To address the problem of low resolution in logging curves, this study establishes a grayscale-phase model based on high-resolution grayscale curves using clustering analysis algorithms for shale lithofacies identification, working with the Shahejie Formation, Bohai Bay Basin, China. The grayscale phase is defined as the sum of absolute grayscale and relative amplitude as well as their features. The absolute grayscale is the absolute magnitude of the gray values and is utilized for evaluating the material composition(mineral composition + total organic carbon) of shale, while the relative amplitude is the difference between adjacent gray values and is used to identify the shale structure type. The research results show that the grayscale phase model can identify shale lithofacies well, and the accuracy and applicability of this model were verified by the fitting relationship between absolute grayscale and shale mineral composition, as well as corresponding relationships between relative amplitudes and laminae development in shales. Four lithofacies are identified in the target layer of the study area: massive mixed shale, laminated mixed shale, massive calcareous shale and laminated calcareous shale. This method can not only effectively characterize the material composition of shale, but also numerically characterize the development degree of shale laminae, and solve the problem that difficult to identify millimeter-scale laminae based on logging curves, which can provide technical support for shale lithofacies identification, sweet spot evaluation and prediction of complex continental lacustrine basins.

关键词： Shale Machine learning Absolute grayscale Relative amplitude Grayscale phase model Lithofacies identification

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A supramolecular formulation of icariin@sulfonatoazocalixarene for hypoxia-targeted osteoarthritis therapy

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 267-271页

作者： Chao Zhang Ai-Feng Liu Shihui Li fang-Yuan Chen Jun-Tao Zhang fang-Xing Zeng Hui-Chuan Feng Ping Wang Wen-Chao Geng Chuan-Rui Ma Dong-sheng Guo Orthopedics department First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300380China Orthopedics department National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and MoxibustionTianjin 300380China College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic ChemistryKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials(Ministry of Education)Frontiers Science Center for New Organic MatterCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin)Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most prevalent joint disease and icariin is a promising drug for its ***,the clinical use of icariin is hindered by poor water solubility,low bioavailability,and nonspecific release and biological ***,sulfonated azocalix[4]arene(SAC4A)with enhanced water solubility,recognition capacity,and designed responsiveness was used to improve the efficiency of icariin for OA ***4A,a macrocycle with well-defined molecular weight and structure,could encapsulate and enhance water solubility of various *** addition,SAC4A enables hypoxia-responsive release of loaded *** with icariin treatment,supramolecular complex icariin@SAC4A significantly relieved OA symptoms of rats,including more regular bone morphology and structure,and lower degree of cartilage ***,the supramolecular formulation demonstrated various advantages,including easy preparation,hypoxia-triggered release,and small size that conducive to drug penetration.

关键词： Biomaterial Supramolecular chemistry Calixarene Icariin Osteoarthritis

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Highly mass activity electrocatalysts with ultralow Pt loading on carbon black for hydrogen evolution reaction

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International Journal of minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 182-190页

作者： Shaorou Ke Yajing Zhao Xin min Yanghong Li Ruiyu Mi Yangai Liu Xiaowen Wu minghao fang Zhaohui Huang Engineering Research Center of ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid WastersNational Laboratory of Mineral MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and TechnologyChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

Pt-based nanocatalysts offer excellent prospects for various ***,the low loading of Pt with excellent performance for efficient and stable nanocatalysts still presents a considerable *** this study,nanocatalysts with ultralow Pt content,excellent performance,and carbon black as support were prepared through in-situ ***~2-nm particles uniformly and stably dispersed on carbon black because of the strong s-p-d orbital hybridizations between carbon black and Pt,which suppressed the agglomeration of Pt *** unique structure is beneficial for the hydrogen evolution *** catalysts exhibited remarkable catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction,exhibiting a potential of 100 mV at 100 mA·cm^(-2),which is comparable to those of commercial Pt/C *** activity(1.61 A/mg)was four times that of a commercial Pt/C catalyst(0.37 A/mg).The ultralow Pt loading(6.84wt%)paves the way for the development of next-generation electrocatalysts.

关键词： hydrogen evolution reaction ultralow platinum in-situ synthesis ultrasound

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Modeling tactile perceived intensity for vibration from a coin eccentric rotating mass motor

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 125-135页

作者： Yun fang Jingchen HUANG Yujun WU Jiaqi DONG Weichao GUO Xinjun sheng State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Meta Robotics Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Establishing the relationship between vibrotactile parameters and perceived intensity(PI)is of great significance in the regulation of desired sensations,which contribute to haptic interfaces in practical *** eccentric rotating mass(ERM)motors are routinely utilized due to their lightweight design and efficient ability to evoke strong tactile *** adjusting input voltages,ERMs can yield different stimuli,but the effects of their physical properties on PI remain ***,we developed the physical model of the ERM-skin system and optimized the parameters affecting ***,the relationship between stimulus and perception was derived based on Fechner's *** experiments were conducted on fifteen subjects(ten males and five females,aged 24.40±2.87 years)to identify the vibration parameters and corresponding PI to verify the proposed PI *** in this study were attached to phantom skin/forearm with slim adhesive tape to minimize the *** 1 performed vibration calibration with ERM attached to the skin phantom to simulate the actual ***,the relative and absolute PI of subjects on specific stimuli were acquired in Experiments 2 and *** fitting reliability of the proposed PI model was evaluated on fifteen subjects with R^(2) of 0.73±0.07 and root mean squared error(RMSE)of 1.35±***,the proposed PI model established the quantitative relationship between stimulus parameters(vibration parameters and physical parameters)and subjective PI,which provided theoretical support for ERM optimization and vibrotactile modulation.

关键词： coin ERM vibrotactile perceived intensity vibration

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Comprehensive Chlorine Suppression:Advances in Materials and System Technologies for Direct Seawater Electrolysis

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第5期17卷 297-325页

作者： Cenkai Zhao Zheyuan Ding Kunye Zhang Ziting Du Haiqiu fang Ling Chen Hao Jiang min Wang mingbo Wu State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing College of New EnergyChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580People’s Republic of China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences New Cornerstone Science LaboratoryCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237People’s Republic of China

Seawater electrolysis offers a promising pathway to generate green hydrogen,which is crucial for the net-zero emission *** seawater electrolysis is severely limited by high energy demands and system complexity,while the direct seawater electrolysis bypasses pre-treatment,offering a simpler and more cost-effective ***,the chlorine evolution reaction and impurities in the seawater lead to severe corrosion and hinder electrolysis’s ***,we review recent advances in the rational design of chlorine-suppressive catalysts and integrated electrolysis systems architectures for chloride-induced corrosion,with simultaneous enhancement of Faradaic efficiency and reduction of electrolysis’s ***,promising directions are proposed for durable and efficient seawater electrolysis *** review provides perspectives for seawater electrolysis toward sustainable energy conversion and environmental protection.

关键词： Direct seawater electrolysis Oxygen evolution reaction Hydrogen evolution reaction Chlorine suppression Seawater electrolysis system

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