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Characterization of electrode fouling during electrochemical oxidation of phenolic pollutant

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第4期15卷 99-108页

作者： Xuefeng Liu Shijie You fang ma Hao Zhou State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150090China Conservation Center Shanghai MuseumShanghai200231China

Electrode fouling is a problem that commonly occurs during electro-oxidation water *** study focused on identifying the fouling behavior of Pt electrode associated with the formation of polymeric layer during electro-oxidation of *** in situ electrochemical measurements and non-destructive observation of the electrode morphology were *** results demonstrated that the electrode fouling was highly dependent on thermodynamic process of electrode that was controlled by anode *** anode potential lower than 1.0 V vs SHE,the direct electro-oxidation caused the electrode fouling by the formation of polymeric *** fouling layer decreased the electrochemically active surface area from 8.38 cm^(2)to 1.57 cm^(2),indicated by the formation of polymeric film with thickness of 2.3µm,increase in mass growing at a rate of 3.26µg/cm^(2)/*** degree to which the anode was fouled was independent of anion in the *** comparison,at anode potential higher than 2.7 V vs SHE,the anions(e.g.,chloride)could exert a major influence to the behavior of electrode *** presence of chloride was shown to mitigate the fouling of electrode significantly through preventing the formation of polymeric film by active chlorine(e.g.,Cl•and Cl_(2))produced from anodic oxidation of *** chloride is the most abundant anionic species existing in both natural and engineered water system,this study not only offers a deep insight into the mechanism of electrode fouling,but also suggests strategies for anti-fouling in the presence of chloride in electro-oxidation process.

关键词： Electro-oxidation Electrode fouling Polymeric film Chloride ions

Calculation of Entanglement Entropy for Continuous-Variable Entangled State Based on General Two-Mode Boson Exponential Quadratic Operator in Fock Space

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2008年第3期49卷 590-594页

作者： DAI fang-Wen ma Lei Department of Physics East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China

We obtain an explicit formula to calculate the entanglement entropy of bipartite entangled state of general two-mode boson exponential quadratic operator with continuous variables in Fock space. The simplicity and gen... 详细信息

关键词： entanglement entropy continuous-variable entangled states linear quantum transformation

Applicability of anoxic-oxic process in treating petrochemical wastewater

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2009年第1期10卷 133-141页

作者： Li-jun ZHAO fang ma Jing-bo GUO School of Chemical Engineering China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China

To explore the applicability of anoxic-oxic (A/O) activated sludge process for petrochemical wastewater treatment,the relationship between bacterial community structure and pollutants loading/removal efficiencies was investigated by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS),polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) and other conventional *** showed that when the concentrations of the influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) were 420～560mg/L and 64～100mg/L,respectively,the corresponding average effluent concentra-tions were 160mg/L and 55mg/L,which were 1.6 and 2.2times higher than those of the national standards in China,respectively,demonstrating the inefficient performances of A/O *** of GC-MS indicated that refractory pollutants were mainly removed by sludge adsorption,but not by ***-DGGE profile analysis suggested that the biological system was species-rich,but there was apparent succession of the bacterial community structure in different locations of the A/O *** of bacterial community structure and pollutant loadings had obvious influences on pollutants removal ***,A/O process was inapplicable for the treatment of complicated petrochemical wastewater,and strategies such as the reinforcement of pre-treatment and two-stage A/O process were suggested.

关键词： Petrochemical wastewater Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) Anoxic-oxic (A/O) process Applicability

Effect of powdered activated carbon on Chinese traditional medicine wastewater treatment in submerged membrane bioreactor with electronic control backwashing

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第9期19卷 1037-1042页

作者： LIU Xiao-lei REN Nan-qi ma fang School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China. School of Water Conservancy and Environment Engineering Changchun Institute of Technology Changchun 130012 China

Chinese traditional medicine wastewater, rich in macromolecule and easy to foam in aerobic biodegradation such as Glycosides, was treated by two identical bench-scale aerobic submerged membrane bioreactors （SMBRs） operated in parallel under the same feed, equipped with the same electronic control backwashing device. One was used as the control SMBR （CSMBR） while the other was dosed with powdered activated carbon （PAC）（PAC-amended SMBR, PSMBR）. The backwashing interval was 5 min. One suction period was about 90 min by adjusting preestablished backwashing vacuum and pump frequency. The average flux of CSMBR during a steady periodic state of 24 d （576 h） was 5.87 L/h with average hydraulic residence time （HRT） of 5.97 h and that of PSMBR during a steady periodic state of 30 d （720 h） was 5.85 L/h with average HRT of 5.99 h. The average total chemical oxygen demand （COD） removal efficiency of CSMBR was 89.29% with average organic loading rate （OLR） at 4.16 kg COD/（m^3.d） while that of PSMBR was 89.79% with average OLR at 5.50 kg COD/（m^3.d）. COD concentration in the effluent of both SMBRs achieved the second level of the general wastewater effluent standard GB8978-1996 for the raw medicine material industry （300 mg/L）. Hence, SMBR with electronic control backwashing was a viable process for medium-strength Chinese traditional medicine wastewater treatment. Moreover, the increasing rates of preestablished backwashing vacuum, pump frequency, and vacuum and flux loss caused by mixed liquor in PSMBR all lagged compared to those in CSMBR; thus the actual operating time of the PSMBR system without membrane cleaning was extended by up to 1.25 times in contrast with the CSMBR system, and the average total COD removal efficiency of PSMBR was enhanced with higher average OLR.

关键词： electronic control backwashing powdered activated carbon membrane bioreactor aerobic process wastewater treatment

A new multisensor fusion SLAM approach for mobile robots

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控制理论与应用（英文版） 2009年第4期7卷 389-394页

作者： fang fang Xudong ma Xianzhong DAI Kun QIAN Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of CSE School of Automation Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu 210096 China

This paper presents a novel method, which enhances the use of external mechanisms by considering a multisensor system, composed of sonars and a CCD camera. Monocular vision provides redundant information about the location of the geometric entities detected by the sonar sensors. To reduce ambiguity significantly, an improved and more detailed sonar model is utilized. Moreover, Hough transform is used to extract features from raw sonar data and vision image. Information is fused at the level of features. This technique significantly improves the reliability and precision of the environment observations used for the simultaneous localization and map building problem for mobile robots. Experimental results validate the favorable performance of this approach.

关键词：多传感器融合移动机器人 Hough变换声纳系统视觉特征 CCD相机传感器检测外部机制

Different Heterogeneous Fenton Reaction Based on Foam Carrier Loaded with Photocatalysts

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(materials Science) 2018年第1期33卷 85-90页

作者：邱珊 LI Guangming DENG Fengxia ma fang State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources Center School of Environment Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China

The effect of heterogeneous Fenton reaction was studied on methylene blue（MB） and Nitrosomonas europaea（N. europaea） cells. Four Fenton systems were prepared and compared with each other, including Nickel Foam（NF）/TiO2, NF/Bi2WO6, Ceramic foam（CM）/TiO2, and CM/Bi2WO6. The order of effect of fenton reaction ranked as NF/TiO2〉CM/TiO2〉NF/Bi2WO6〉CM/Bi2WO6. In acid or alkaline solution, the removal efficiency also decreased compared with neutral solution. With lower p H values, the nanoparticles were easier to break off from NF skeleton. Thus the synergetic effect of photocatalysis and fenton reaction can not take action. As for CM skeleton, the bond –Si-O-can bind with TiO2 or Bi2WO6. The membrane fluidity was used as an indicating parameter. After being treated by Fenton reaction, N. europaea surface was rougher than the native bacterium and the bulges on cell surface became irregular, which is attributed to change of lipopolysaccharide patches. Polarization of N. europaea cell membrane in acid medium increased more obvious than alkaline medium.

关键词： fenton reaction N europaea polarization degradation membrane

Coarse woody debris features of a warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest,northern China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第3期32卷 1105-1114页

作者： fang ma Liwen Zhuang Shunzhong Wang Weiguo Sang Minzu University of China No.27Zhongguancun NandajieHaidian DistrictBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry Science No 134 Haping RoadNangang DistrictHarbin 150081People’s Republic of China Key Lab of Environment and Vegetation Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesNo.20 Xiangshan NanxincunHaidian DistrictBeijing 100093People’s Republic of China

Stocking and structural composition of a deciduous broad-leaved forest were determined to predict coarse woody debris quantity by quantifying the empirical relationships between these two *** most ecologically significant families by stem density were Salicaceae,Betulaceae,Fagaceae,and Aceraceae.P opulus davidiana was the most dominant species followed by B etula dahurica,Quercus mongolica,and Acer *** four species accounted for 69.5%of total *** small-diameter species characterized the coarse woody debris showing a reversed J-shaped *** coarse debris of ***,***,and *** mainly comprised the 10–20 cm size class,whereas *** debris was mainly in the 5–10 cm size *** spatial patterns of different size classes of coarse woody debris were analyzed using the g-function to determine the size of the tree at its *** results indicate that the spatial patterns at the 0–50 m scale shifted gradually from an aggregated to a random *** some species,the larger coarse debris might change from an aggregated to a random distribution more *** the importance of coarse woody debris in forest ecosystems,its composition and patterns can improve understanding of community structure and *** aggregation pattern might be due to density dependence and self-thinning effects,as well as by succession and *** four dominant species across the different size classes showed distinct aggregated distribution features at different spatial *** suggests a correlation between the dominant species population,size class,and aggregated distribution of coarse woody debris.

关键词： Tree mortality Diversity Size class Forest dynamic plot

Causal Analysis Between Rice Growth and Cadmium Accumulation and Transfer under Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation

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Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 226-236页

作者： ZHAO Ting WANG Li YANG Jixian ma fang State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China

Cadmium(Cd)contamination in rice has been a serious threat to human *** investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)on the Cd translocation in rice,a controlled pot experiment was *** results indicated that AMF significantly increased rice biomass,with an increase of up to 40.0%,particularly in root biomass by up to 68.4%.Notably,the number of prominent rice individuals also increased,and their plasticity was enhanced following AMF *** led to an increase in the net photosynthetic rate and antioxidant enzyme activity of *** the AMF treatment group,the Cd concentration in the rice roots was significantly higher(19.1%‒68.0%)compared with that in the control ***,the Cd concentration in the rice seeds was lower in the AMF treatment group,indicating that AMF facilitated the sequestration of Cd in rice roots and reduced Cd accumulation in the *** coefficients varied across different treatments,suggesting that AMF inoculation reduced the direct impact of soil Cd concentration on the total Cd accumulation in *** translocation of Cd was consistently associated with simultaneous growth dilution and compensatory accumulation as a result of mycorrhizal *** study quantitatively analyzed this process through path analysis and clarified the causal relationship between rice growth and Cd transfer under the influence of AMF.

关键词： cadmium transfer dilution effect heavy metal immobilization mycorrhizal effect path analysis phenotypic plasticity

Using a Gaussian mathematical model to define eruptive stages of young volcanic rocks in Tengchong based on laser 40Ar/39Ar dating

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第5期63卷 662-673页

作者： Xinwei ZHAO Jing ZHOU fang ma Jianqing JI Alan DEINO School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Berkeley Geochronology Center Berkeley CA94709USA

Reconstruction of Quaternary environments,late Cenozoic geodynamics and evaluation of volcanic hazards,all depend on the precise delineation of eruptive *** recent years,laser 40Ar/39Ar dating methods have been widely used for dating young volcanic rocks,given their stable automated testing process,very low background level and high sensitivity,which meet the requirements for precise dating of young *** paper applied high-precision laser 40Ar/39Ar dating to the main volcanic units in the Tengchong area and obtained ages in the range of 0.025–5.1 ma using conventional data processing ***,conventional dating highlighted issues related to very low radiogenic 40Ar content,accidental errors and poor data stability,which led to huge age ***,lacking a unified timescale,conventional methods were unable to strictly define the stages of the Tengchong volcanic eruptions,leading to ongoing *** this study,we applied a Gaussian mathematical model to deal with all 378 original ages from 13 *** apparent age-probability diagram,consisting of three independent waveforms,have been *** corresponding isochron ages of these three waveforms suggest there were three volcanic eruptive stages,namely during the Pliocene(3.78±0.04 ma),early Middle Pleistocene(0.63±0.03 ma)and late Middle Pleistocene to early Late Pleistocene(0.139±0.005 ma).These results accurately define eruptive stages in the Tengchong area.

关键词： Laser 40Ar/39Ar dating Gaussian mathematical model Eruptive stages Apparent age-probability diagram Age deviations Isochron age