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Coastal blue carbon in China as a nature-based solution toward carbon neutrality

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The Innovation 2023年第5期4卷 109-123页

作者： faming wang Jihua Liu Guoming Qin Jingfan Zhang Jinge Zhou Jingtao Wu Lulu Zhang Poonam Thapa Christian J.Sanders Isaac R.Santos Xiuzhen Li Guanghui Lin Qihao Weng Jianwu Tang Nianzhi Jiao Hai Ren Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystemsand the CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of lsland and Coastal EcosystemsSouth China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 510650China Marine Research Institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China National Marine Science Centre Faculty of Science and EngineeringSouther Cross UniversityCoffs HarbourNSW 2450Australia Department of Marine Sciences University of Gothenburg41319 GothenburgSweden State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research and Instiute of Eco-Chongming East China Normal UniversityShanghai 201100China Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Ministry of EducationDepartment of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBejing 100084China Laboratory of Stable Isotope and Gulf Ecology Institute of Ocean EngineeringTsinghua's Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China Department of Land Surveying and Geo-nformatics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversiyHongkong 99077China Innovative Research Center for Carbon Neutralization Global ONCE ProgramXiamen 361005China

To achieve the Paris Agreement,China pledged to become“Carbon Neutral”by the 2060s.In addition to massive decarbonization,this would require significant changes in ecosystems toward negative CO_(2)emissions.The ability of coastal blue carbon ecosystems(BCEs),including mangrove,salt marsh,and seagrass meadows,to sequester large amounts of CO_(2)makes their conservation and restoration an important“nature-based solution(NbS)”for climate adaptation and mitigation.In this review,we examine how BCEs in China can contribute to climate mitigation.On the national scale,the BCEs in China store up to 118 Tg C across a total area of 1,440,377 ha,including over 75%as unvegetated tidal flats.The annual sedimental C burial of these BCEs reaches up to 2.06 Tg C year^(−1),of which most occurs in salt marshes and tidal flats.The lateral C flux of mangroves and salt marshes contributes to 1.17 Tg C year^(−1)along the Chinese coastline.Conservation and restoration of BCEs benefit climate change mitigation and provide other ecological services with a value of$32,000 ha^(−1)year^(−1).The potential practices and technologies that can be implemented in China to improve BCE C sequestration,including their constraints and feasibility,are also outlined.Future directions are suggested to improve blue carbon estimates on aerial extent,carbon stocks,sequestration,and mitigation potential.Restoring and preserving BCEs would be a cost-effective step to achieve Carbon Neutral by 2060 in China despite various barriers that should be removed.

关键词： tidal coastal carbon

A review of intensified conditioning of personal micro-environments:Moving closer to the human body

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能源与人工环境(英文)

能源与人工环境(英文) 2021年第3期2卷 260-270页

作者： Bin Yang Xin Ding faming wang Angui Li School of Building Services Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’anChina Department of Civil Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteUSA School of Architecture and Art Central South UniversityChangshaChina

Various systems and technologies have been developed in recent years to fulfil the growing needs of high-performance HVAC systems with better performance of energy efficiency,thermal comfort,and occupancy health.Intensified conditioning of human occupied areas and less intensified conditioning of surrounding areas are able to effectively improve the overall satisfaction by individual control of personalized micro-environments and also,achieve maximum energy efficiency.Four main concepts have been identified chronologically through the devel-opment of personal environmental conditioning,changing the intensified conditioning area closer to the human body and enhancing conditioning efforts,namely the task ambient conditioning(TAC)system,personal envi-ronmental control system(PECS),personal comfort system(PCS),and the personal thermal management(PTM)system.This review follows a clue of the concept progress and system evaluation,summarizes important findings and feasible applications,current gaps as well as future research needs.

关键词： Task ambient conditioning Personal environmental control system Personal thermal management system

A Global Spectral Element Model for Poisson Equations and Advective Flow over a Sphere

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第3期33卷 377-390页

作者： Huan MEI faming wang Zhong ZENG Zhouhua QIU Linmao YIN Liang LI Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Engineering Mechanics College of Aerospace EngineeringChongqing University Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Chalmers University of Technology

A global spherical Fourier-Legendre spectral element method is proposed to solve Poisson equations and advective flow over a sphere. In the meridional direction, Legendre polynomials are used and the region is divided into several elements. In order to avoid coordinate singularities at the north and south poles in the meridional direction, Legendre-Gauss-Radau points are chosen at the elements involving the two poles. Fourier polynomials are applied in the zonal direction for its periodicity, with only one element. Then, the partial differential equations are solved on the longitude-latitude meshes without coordinate transformation between spherical and Cartesian coordinates. For verification of the proposed method, a few Poisson equations and advective flows are tested. Firstly, the method is found to be valid for test cases with smooth solution. The results of the Poisson equations demonstrate that the present method exhibits high accuracy and exponential convergence. High- precision solutions are also obtained with near negligible numerical diffusion during the time evolution for advective flow with smooth shape. Secondly, the results of advective flow with non-smooth shape and deformational flow are also shown to be reasonable and effective. As a result, the present method is proved to be capable of solving flow through different types of elements, and thereby a desirable method with reliability and high accuracy for solving partial differential equations over a sphere.

关键词： spectral element method spherical coordinates Poisson equations advective equation Legendre-Gauss-Radau

Environmental selection and evolutionary process jointly shape genomic and functional profiles of mangrove rhizosphere microbiomes

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mLife 2023年第3期2卷 253-266页

作者： Xiaoli Yu Qichao Tu Jihua Liu Yisheng Peng Cheng wang Fanshu Xiao Yingli Lian Xueqin Yang Ruiwen Hu Huang Yu Lu Qian Daoming Wu Ziying He Longfei Shu Qiang He Yun Tian faming wang Shanquan wang Bo Wu Zhijian Huang Jianguo He Qingyun Yan Zhili He State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)School of Environmental Science and EngineeringEnvironmental Microbiomics Research CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Institute of Marine Science and Technology Shandong UniversityQingdaoChina College of Forestry&Landscape Architecture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) School of Marine ScienceSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems School of Life SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamenChina Xiaoliang Research Station for Tropical Coastal Ecosystems and Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina

Mangrove reforestation with introduced species has been an important strategy to restore mangrove ecosystem functioning.However,how such activities affect microbially driven methane(CH4),nitrogen(N),and sulfur(S)cycling of rhizosphere microbiomes remains unclear.To understand the effect of environmental selection and the evolutionary process on microbially driven biogeochemical cycles in native and introduced mangrove rhizospheres,we analyzed key genomic and functional profiles of rhizosphere microbiomes from native and introduced mangrove species by metagenome sequencing technologies.Compared with the native mangrove(Kandelia obovata,KO),the introduced mangrove(Sonneratia apetala,SA)rhizosphere microbiome had significantly(p<0.05)higher average genome size(AGS)(5.8 vs.5.5 Mb),average 16S ribosomal RNA gene copy number(3.5 vs.3.1),relative abundances of mobile genetic elements,and functional diversity in terms of the Shannon index(7.88 vs.7.84)but lower functional potentials involved in CH4 cycling(e.g.,mcrABCDG and pmoABC),N2 fixation(nifHDK),and inorganic S cycling(dsrAB,dsrC,dsrMKJOP,soxB,sqr,and fccAB).Similar results were also observed from the recovered Proteobacterial metagenome-assembled genomes with a higher AGS and distinct functions in the introduced mangrove rhizosphere.Additionally,salinity and ammonium were identified as the main environmental drivers of functional profiles of mangrove rhizosphere microbiomes through deterministic processes.This study advances our understanding of microbially mediated biogeochemical cycling of CH_(4),N,and S in the mangrove rhizosphere and provides novel insights into the influence of environmental selection and evolutionary processes on ecosystem functions,which has important implications for future mangrove reforestation.

关键词： average genome size functional potential mangrove rhizosphere metagenome metagenome-assembled genome

长期磷添加对热带森林土壤磷酸单酯酶与磷酸二酯酶活性比值的影响

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2023年第3期16卷 203-207页

作者： Taiki Mori Senhao wang Cong wang Ji Chen Cheng Peng Mianhai Zheng Juan Huang faming wang Zhanfeng Liu Jiangming Mo Wei Zhang Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied BotanySouth China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China Kyushu Research Center Forestry and Forest Products Research InstituteFFPRIKurokami 4-11-16Kumamoto 860-0862Japan Center for Plant Ecology Core Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China State Key laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Agroecology Aarhus University8830 TjeleDenmark Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy Aarhus University8830 TjeleDenmark iCLIMATE Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change Aarhus University4000 RoskildeDenmark University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

热带森林土壤微生物可以通过改变不同类型的磷酸酶活性来适应低磷的环境。以往的研究认为,低磷环境中土壤微生物更倾向于分解有机磷单酯键而非二酯键。因此,磷酸单酯酶(PME)的活性变化对生态系统磷输入的响应可能更敏感,其与磷酸二酯酶(... 详细信息

热带森林土壤微生物可以通过改变不同类型的磷酸酶活性来适应低磷的环境。以往的研究认为,低磷环境中土壤微生物更倾向于分解有机磷单酯键而非二酯键。因此,磷酸单酯酶(PME)的活性变化对生态系统磷输入的响应可能更敏感,其与磷酸二酯酶(PDE)活性的比值在磷输入后将显著降低。为了检验土壤微生物在低磷的热带森林中对不同磷酸酶的“投资”策略,我们在鼎湖山3种热带森林进行了长达10年的磷添加实验。与以往的研究不同,本研究发现长期磷添加没有改变原生林与次生林的PME:PDE比值,但显著提高了人工林土壤PME:PDE比值。结果表明,长期磷添加可能减少了凋落物或穿透雨来源的PDE,从而使其土壤PDE活性下降较PME降低更快,因而PME:PDE比值未能降低。

关键词：土壤胞外酶磷酸单酯酶磷酸二酯酶施磷热带森林

Coastal blue carbon： Concept, study method, and the application to ecological restoration

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第6期61卷 637-646页

作者： Jianwu TANG Shufeng YE Xuechu CHEN Hualei YANG Xiaohong SUN faming wang Quan WEN Shaobo CHEN Marine Biological Laboratory Woods Hole 02543 USA College of Ecology and Environmental Science East China Normal University State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration Shanghai 200241 China East China Sea Branch of State Oceanic Administration Shanghai 200137 China Marine College Shandong University (Weihai) Weihai 264209 China Environmental Monitoring Center State Oceanic Administration Dalian 116203 China Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute Wenzhou 325005 China

Coastal blue carbon refers to the carbon taken from atmospheric CO2; fixed by advanced plants(including salt marsh,mangrove, and seagrass), phytoplankton, macroalgae, and marine calcifiers via the interaction of plants and microbes; and stored in nearshore sediments and soils; as well as the carbon transported from the coast to the ocean and ocean floor. The carbon sequestration capacity per unit area of coastal blue carbon is far greater than that of the terrestrial carbon pool. The mechanisms and controls of the carbon sink from salt marshes, mangroves, seagrasses, the aquaculture of shellfish and macroalgae, and the microbial carbon pump need to be further studied. The methods to quantify coastal blue carbon include carbon flux measurements, carbon pool measurements, manipulative experiments, and modeling. Restoring, conserving, and enhancing blue carbon will increase carbon sinks and produce carbon credits, which could be traded on the carbon market. The need to tackle climate change and implement China's commitment to cut carbon emissions requires us to improve studies on coastal blue carbon science and policy. The knowledge learned from coastal blue carbon improves the conservation and restoration of salt marshes,mangroves, and seagrasses; enhances the function of the microbial carbon pump; and promotes sustainable aquaculture, such as ocean ranching.

关键词：学习方法沿海碳浮游植物生态微生物相互作用气候变化

Species-dependent responses of soil microbial properties to fresh leaf inputs in a subtropical forest soil in South China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第1期7卷 86-96页

作者： faming wang Jin Liu Bi Zou Deborah A.Neher Weixing Zhu Zhian Li Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510160China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049China Department of Plant and Soil Science University of VermontBurlington VT 05405USA Department of Biological Sciences State University of New York-BinghamtonBinghamtonNY 13902USA

Aims Forest disturbance from extreme weather events due to climate change could increase the contribution of fresh green leaves to the litter layer of soil and subsequently alter the composition and activity of the soil microbial properties and soil carbon cycling.The objective of this study was to compare the effect of naturally fallen litter and fresh leaves on the soil microbial community composition and their activities.Methods Fresh leaves and normal fallen litter were collected from four tree species(Pinus elliottii,Schima superba,Acacia mangium,A.auriculaeformis)in subtropical China and mixed with soil.Soil microbial community composition was determined using PLFAs,and its activity was quantified by soil respiration.During a 12-month period,the decomposition rate of litter was measured bimonthly using a litterbag method.Soil microbial samples were collected after 6 and 12 months.Soil respiration was measured monthly.Important Findings We found that fresh leaves decomposed faster than their conspecific fallen litter.Although total microbial biomass and bacterial biomass were similar among treatments,soil fungal biomass was higher in fresh leaf than fallen litter treatments,resulting in greater values of the Fungal phospholipid fatty acids(PLFAs)/Bacterial PLFAs ratio.Fungal PLFA values were greater for Schima superba than the other species.The effect of litter type on soil respiration was species-dependent.Specifically,fallen litter released 35%more CO_(2) than fresh leaves of the conifer P.elliottii.The opposite pattern was observed in the broadleaf species whose fresh leaf treatments emitted 17%–32%more CO_(2) than fallen litter.Given future predictions that global climate change will cause more disturbances to forests,these results indicate that conifer and broadleaf forests in subtropical China may respond differently to increased fresh litter inputs,with net soil microbial respiration decreasing in conifer forests and increasing in broadleaf forests.

关键词： fresh leaf input forest disturbance soil microbial community soil respiration southern China

师生关系对学生数学成绩的影响:行为参与和社会情感能力的链式中介作用

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心理科学 2024年第1期47卷 97-104页

作者：朱芷滢王烨晖杜长宏王发明杨朝兮北京师范大学中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心北京100875 广州市天河区教师发展中心广州510650 北京经济技术开发区管理委员会北京100176 香港大学教育学院教与学促进中心中国香港999077 上海市闵行区教育测评与研究中心上海201199

研究通过分层抽样的方式选取6534名小学生作为研究对象,探讨行为参与和社会情感能力在师生关系与数学成绩之间的作用,并根据学生不同的同伴接纳类型进行多群组结构方程模型分析。研究发现:(1)行为参与和社会情感能力在师生关系与学生数... 详细信息

研究通过分层抽样的方式选取6534名小学生作为研究对象,探讨行为参与和社会情感能力在师生关系与数学成绩之间的作用,并根据学生不同的同伴接纳类型进行多群组结构方程模型分析。研究发现:(1)行为参与和社会情感能力在师生关系与学生数学成绩间起中介作用,且“行为参与-社会情感能力”发挥链式中介作用;(2)不同同伴接纳类型学生的行为参与和社会情感能力在师生关系与数学成绩之间的作用并不相同。被忽视和有争议学生的师生关系无法直接预测数学成绩,受欢迎、被拒绝和被忽视学生的行为参与无法直接影响其数学成绩,有争议组学生中社会情感能力无法直接影响其数学成绩。本研究解释了师生关系对数学成绩的影响机制,并进一步细化了不同同伴接纳类型学生在其中的差异表现。

关键词：社会情感能力同伴接纳师生关系行为参与数学成绩多组比较

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马铃薯收获机扰动分离装置设计与试验

农业机械学报 2024年第4期55卷 101-112页

作者：王兴欢魏忠彩苏国粱孟鹏祥王法明张祥彩王宪良程修沛李志合金诚谦山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院淄博255091 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所南京210014 山东思代尔农业装备有限公司德州253600 山东省马铃薯生产装备智能化工程技术研究中心德州253600

针对现有的小型马铃薯收获机筛面土块破碎效果不佳而影响分离效率和收获品质等问题,结合北方马铃薯主产区收获模式和常用杆条式分离装置,设计了一款马铃薯收获机扰动分离装置。在阐述总体结构及工作原理基础上,结合马铃薯的碰撞特性和... 详细信息

针对现有的小型马铃薯收获机筛面土块破碎效果不佳而影响分离效率和收获品质等问题,结合北方马铃薯主产区收获模式和常用杆条式分离装置,设计了一款马铃薯收获机扰动分离装置。在阐述总体结构及工作原理基础上,结合马铃薯的碰撞特性和土块的破碎过程分析,得到影响薯块损伤和土块破碎的主要因素为扰动深度、偏心轮转速和偏心距;通过EDEM-RecurDyn耦合构建仿真模型,单因素试验得到扰动杆数量最优为4,以扰动深度、偏心轮转速和偏心距为试验因素,以马铃薯碰撞力和土块破碎率为评价指标,运用Box-Behnken中心组合设计方法进行仿真试验,对试验结果进行方差分析,利用响应面分析了各交互因素对试验指标的影响规律,结合实际工况确定影响因素最佳取值。验证试验表明:当收获机分离筛运行速度为0.7 m/s、扰动深度为51.5 mm、偏心轮转速通过调速器设为2.3 r/s、偏心距为31 mm时,土块破碎率为60.7%,电子马铃薯采集的碰撞加速度峰值平均值为790.66 m/s~2,小于马铃薯临界损伤阈值。

关键词：马铃薯收获机薯土分离装置扰动分离装置耦合仿真