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Audits of death in HIV-Infected Children and Adolescents Followed up in the Pediatric department of the Regional Teaching Hospital of Borgou/Alibori from 2005 to 2020

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 285-296页

作者： Alphonse Noudamadjo m.ham.d falilatou agbeille dénagan Kévin Amoussou médétinmè Gérard Kpanidja Lahanatou Séidou Chantal Chabi Réckya Kilaya Julien didier Adédémy Agossou Joseph mother and Child department Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Pediatric department Regional Teaching Hospital of Borgou/Alibori Parakou Benin

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a major public health problem with high morbidity and mortality among children. The objective of this work was to audit the deaths of children and adolescents with HIV infection followed up in the pediatric department of the Regional Teaching Hospital of Borgou/Alibori (CHUdB/A) the from 2005 to 2020. Patients and method: This was a retrospective and descriptive study conducted in the pediatric department of CHUd/B-A in Parakou. All children with HIV infection who died from January 1, 2005 to August 31, 2020 were included. data collection was carried out in three stages: a phase of medical records processing, a phase of community survey and a phase of death audits. The variables studied were sociodemographic, clinical, biological, therapeutic and evolutionary. Results: Over the study period, the data of 464 infected children were recorded, including 92 deaths, representing a case fatality rate of 19.83%. Severe acute malnutrition (69.23%), gastro-intestinal tract infections (43.58%) and serious opportunistic pulmonary infections (24.36% pulmonary tuberculosis and 19.23% pneumocystis) were the main causes of death. The main dysfunctions found were: the delayed diagnosis of HIV infection (79.35%), the absence or delay in consultation when the child’s clinical condition deteriorates (32.61% and 47.83%), delayed initiation of antiretroviral treatment (42.39%) and non-adherence to treatment (38.04%). Non-adherence to treatment was predominant in adolescents (90.49%). Conclusion: Specific interventions for early detection, adequate nutritional care, psychosocial support for adolescents and mothers of children are necessary to reduce mortality due to HIV among children and adolescents.

关键词： HIV death Children Adolescents dysfunctions Benin

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Children with Sickle Cell disease in Northern Benin: Follow up of a Cohort at the Borgou/Alibori Branch of Integrated medical Healthcare Center for Infants and Pregnant Women with Sickle Cell disease from 2017 to 2022

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 445-458页

作者： falilatou agbeille m.ham.d Alphonse Noudamadjo médétinmè Gérard Kpanidja Yémalin Zinsou François Anikè Akinola Kpedio Clarisse marie Chantal Bossa Julien didier Adédémy Joseph Agossou Teaching and Research Unit Department of Mother and Child Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Integrated Healthcare Center for Infants and Pregnant Women with Sickle Cell disease (CPmI-NFEd) Branch of Borgou/Alibori Parakou Benin

Introduction: Sickle cell disease is a public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. A national referral center for the management of infants and pregnant women with sickle cell disease (CPmI-NFEd) was created three decades ago in Cotonou, in the south of Benin with two regional branches including that of Parakou in the North for better access of patients to specialized care. This work is a review of five years of activities in order to describe the epidemiological, clinical, hematological and evolutionary profiles of the children followed up in the said branch. method: This was a descriptive and retrospective cross-sectional study on the medical records of children with sickle cell disease, followed up at the regional branch of CPmI-NFEd in Borgou/Alibori from June 1, 2017 to may 31, 2022. The variables studied were epidemiological, clinical, biological and evolutionary. Results: A total of 101 children with sickle cell disease were included in the study, including 78 homozygous SS (77.2%) and 23 heterozygous SC (22.8%). Their mean age at inclusion was 51.2 ± 37.6 months [6 - 204]. The sex ratio was 1.4. Vaso-occlusive crises were the main diagnostic circumstances in 42.3% of homozygotes. more than half of the children (51.5%) had a regular follow-up. The average baseline level of hemoglobin (Hb) in homozygous children was 8.8 ± 1.4 g/dl [5.8 - 11.5];and the rate of Hb S varied between 61.9 and 94.7%. In heterozygous SC children, the mean baseline level of Hb was 10.7 ± 0.6 g/dl [9.7 - 11.5]. Acute complications observed during follow-up were dominated by pneumonia and vaso-occlusive crises in both phenotypes. The overall mortality was 3% and only affected homozygous patients. Conclusion: On average, three out of four children were homozygous in our cohort. The main acute complications were infectious and vaso-occlusive. The mortality only affected homozygous carriers. Specialized follow-up has contributed to improving the quality of life of children with sickle cel

关键词： Sickle Cell disease Children CPmI-NFEd Parakou Benin

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Factors Associated with Low Use of Insecticide-Treated Nets among Children under 5 Years of Age in Fo-Boure (Benin) in 2019

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第5期13卷 619-625页

作者： Alphonse Noudamadjo mèdétinmè Gérard Kpanidja falilatou agbeille m.ham.d Zinsou Rodrigue Ahodègnon Julien didier Adédémy Joseph Agossou Faculty of medicine Mother and Child Department University of Parakou Parakou Benin National School of Higher Technicians in Public Health and Epidemiological Surveillance University of Parakou Parakou Benin

despite the free distribution of insecticide impregnated nets, malaria is still the cause of many deaths, particularly among children under 5 years old, casting doubt on the real use of these mosquito nets by parents. The present work aimed to identify the factors associated with the low use of mosquito nets. This was a cross-sectional study with an analytical aim, carried out in the locality of Fô-Bouré (Sinendé) in 2019 among children under 5 years old and their parents. A cluster random sampling was carried out according to the WHO technique. The dependent variable was the low use of LLINs and the independent variables were: socio-demographic, economic, relative to parents’ knowledge of the causes and control methods of malaria. Results: The factors identified as associated with the low use of LLINs were: female sex (p = 0.0059), low level of education (p = 0.0001), free mode of acquisition (p = 0.0476), poor knowledge of control methods (p = 0.0389), type of house: mud or tent house (p = 0.0034), unsanitary immediate environment (p = 0.0002) and children’s evening dressing style (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: A global development policy, especially in terms of education, sanitation and housing improvement as recommended by the “Roll Back malaria” initiative is necessary to improve the rate of insecticide impregnated nets use. .

关键词： Use LLIN Associated Factors Benin

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Prevalence of Undernutrition among Children Aged 6 - 59 months in the municipality of Toucountouna (Benin) in 2017

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第5期13卷 641-648页

作者： Alphonse Noudamadjo falilatou agbeille m.ham.d mèdétinmè Gérard Kpanidja myriam Anita dogo Gado Tchando Julien didier Adédémy Joseph Agossou Faculty of medicine Mother and Child Department University of Parakou Parakou Benin Saint Jean de dieu district General Hospital of Tanguieta Tanguieta Benin National Training School of Higher Technicians in Public Health and Epidemiological Surveillance (ENATSE) University of Parakou Parakou Benin

Introduction: Undernutrition is a public health problem in the world and especially in developing countries. According to the demographic and health survey with multiple indicators of Benin IV (dHS-mICS-IV), the prevalence of acute undernutrition (AU), chronic undernutrition (CU) and that of underweight (UW) was 16%, 45% and 21%, respectively. The objective of this work was to determine the prevalence of undernutrition in children aged 6 to 59 months in the municipality of Toucountouna in 2017. materials and methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with two-stage cluster random sampling, composed of 390 children aged 6 to 59 months, living in the municipality of Toucountouna for at least six months. The study variables were: socio-demographic, economic, behavioral, socio-sanitary and anthropometric. data were entered and analyzed using Epi-info 7.2 software. Results: 203 out of 390 children included, were boys (sex ratio of 1.08). The mean age of the children was 28.70 ± 11.79 months. The prevalence of AU, CU and UW was 10.26%, 31.54% and 11.79%, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that efforts remain to be made in terms of undernutrition and other surveys could identify the determinants linked to this situation in the locality for the effective implementation of prevention.

关键词： Prevalence Undernutrition Children Benin

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Early morbidity and mortality in Neonates of mothers with Sickle Cell disease at the Borgou/Alibori Center departmental Teaching Hospital in Benin

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第3期13卷 437-449页

作者： Alphonse Noudamadjo falilatou agbeille m.ham.d médétinmè Kpanidja Gérard mahublo Voduhe Justin Chogou Guedenon Romulus Julien didier Adedemy Joseph Agossou Faculty of medicine Mother and Child Department University of Parakou Parakou Benin National Training School for Senior Technicians in Public Health and Surveillance University of Parakou Parakou Benin

Introduction: Association of sickle cell disease and pregnancy is a risky situation for both the mother and neonate. Objective: To determine the early morbidity and mortality among neonates of mothers with sickle cell disease at Borgou/Alibori Center departmental Teaching Hospital (CHUd B/A) in Benin. Patients and methods: This was a descriptive and analytical observational study conducted at CHUd-B/A from January 1, 2015, to August 31, 2019. It included pregnant women with sickle cell disease who gave birth to a liveborn neonate at the term of at least 28 weeks of amenorrhea. Variables studied were sociodemographic, clinical, and evolutionary. Analysis of the factors associated with early death was also carried out with a significance threshold set at p Results: Out of a total of 119 pregnant women, 95 neonates were recorded. main morbidities were: prematurity and intrauterine growth restriction (49.5%);respiratory distress (40%), bacterial infection (30.5%), and perinatal asphyxia (21.1%). Early mortality rate was 8.4%. In bivariate analysis, the factors associated with early death were: parity (p maternal anemia (p der 1500 g (p m under 32 weeks of amenorrhea (p minutes (p = 0.001). In multivariate analysis, resuscitation for at least 5 minutes (p = 0.007) was mainly associated with early death. Conclusion: One out of two neonates of mothers with sickle cell disease has a low birth weight. Early mortality is high due to perinatal asphyxia. Hence the multidisciplinary care of these mothers.

关键词： Early morbidity mortality Neonates mothers Sickle Cell disease Benin

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Congenital malaria in the Borgou/Alibori Regional University Teaching Hospital: myth or Reality?

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第3期9卷 183-191页

作者： Joseph Agossou falilatou agbeille m.ham.d mèdétinmè Gérard Kpanidja Alphonse Noudamadjo Julien didier Adédémy Zinsou Rodrigue Ahodègnon department of mother & Child Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Pediatric Unit of the Borgou/Alibori Regional University Teaching Hospital Parakou Benin

Introduction: The occurrence of malaria is classically described as uncommon or exceptional in the neonatal period. This work aims to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic, clinical features and outcomes of congenital malaria in the Borgou/Alibori Regional University Teaching Hospital (CHUd B/A) located in Parakou. Patients and methods: This research is a cross-sectional and descriptive study that was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit of the CHUd B/A from January to december 2017. It included and involved all newborns less than eight (08) days old with positive thick smears. Comorbidities were taken into account to establish the diagnosis of congenital malaria with accuracy. Findings: A total of 170 newborns out of 892 newborns admitted tested positive with Plasmodium falciparum thick smears, i.e., a hospital-based frequency of 19%. The sex ratio was 1.1. The mean age was 22.44 ± 2.72 hours. There was malaria-bacterial infection comorbidity in 39.3% of cases. Among the 91 cases of thick smears testing positive without stigma of bacterial infection, G6Pd deficiency and fetal-maternal Rhesus incompatibility, the main reasons for admission were prematurity (51.6%), low birth weight (44%), neonatal distress (31.8%) and respiratory distress (15.3%). In addition, the main signs found during the physical examination were neurological disorders or impairments (43.9%), respiratory distress (30%), hyperthermia (12.1%) and jaundice (4.4%). The mean or median parasitemia was 490 parasites/μl, with extremes ranging from 100 to 6500 parasites/μl. Treatment was based on artemisinin derivatives. The patient condition improved in 88.7% of cases. Overall mortality was estimated at 11.9%, and the specific mortality was 13.2%. Conclusion: Congenital malaria is a reality that actually prevails in the CHUdB/A. It has become vital and urgent to explore innovative, effective and efficient strategies to ensure its management and prevention. A study using PCR as t

关键词： Congenital malaria Prevention Benin

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Progression of Frequency and Lethality of Severe malaria from 2017 to 2020 in the Pediatric Unit of CHUd-Parakou (Benin)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第4期11卷 551-558页

作者： Honorat Francis Lalya Alphonse Noudamadjo falilatou agbeille-m.ham.d mèdétinmè Gérard Kpanidja Zinsou Rodrigue Ahodègnon Julien didier Adédémy Joseph Agossou mother and Child department Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Godomey Benin mother and Child department Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin

Background: The latest WHO report shows a decline in the performances achieved concerning the fight against malaria since 2017. This research work aimed to investigate the progression of frequency and lethality due to severe malaria from 2017 to 2020 in the pediatric unit of the Borgou University Teaching Hospital in Parakou (CHUD-Parakou). Patients and Methods: This research work is a descriptive and analytical case-control study focused on all the children aged 1 month and more, hospitalized in the pediatric unit of CHUD-Parakou from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2020. Recruitment criteria were the following: be admitted to hospital during the period specified above;have a usable medical record containing the diagnosis and type of discharge, and the findings of thick smear examination and/or of a rapid diagnostic test. Sampling was complete and takes into account all the medical records of children meeting the inclusion criteria. Epi Info 7.2.2 was the software used to perform data processing. Results: The frequencies of severe malaria in the unit were estimated at 19.89%, 22.65%, 29.65% and 27.51% respectively in 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020. Lethality rates varied from 7.76% to 8.68 from 2017 through 2020. The death risk associated with severe malaria was 3.08 timesmily:"">mily:Verdana;"> higher in children suffering from severe acute u

关键词： Severe malaria Children Frequency Lethality Benin

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Relationship between Early Breastfeeding, Exclusive Breastfeeding and Continuation of Breastfeeding until 24 months in Parakou in 2016

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第3期9卷 192-198页

作者： Joseph Agossou Alphonse Noudamadjo Julien didier Adédémy mèdétinmè Gérard Kpanidja falilatou agbeille m.ham.d Cocou Pamphile Boko Zinsou Rodrigue Ahodègnon mother & Child department of Faculty of medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Pediatric Unit of the Borgou/Alibori Regional University Teaching Hospital Parakou Benin National School of Higher Technicians in Public Health and Epidemiology University of Parakou Parakou Benin

Introduction: Early breastfeeding is recommended by the WHO as one of the essential practices for child nutrition. Objective: To identify the relationship between early breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and continuation of breastfeeding up to 24 months of age. Patients and methods: This research is a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study conducted in the district of Parakou (Benin) in November 2016. Sampling was probabilistic and used the WHO cluster sampling technique. Children aged 6 to 24 months and their mothers were included. The main variables investigated during the study were related to practices of early breastfeeding, EBF and continuation of breastfeeding until 24 months of age. The data collected through direct interview were entered and processed using the Epi-info 7.2 software. Chi-squared test was used to compare proportions;the differences existing between the proportions were considered as significant if p Findings: Among the 420 children included, the prevalence of EBF was 26.67%. EBF and continuation of breastfeeding up to 24 months were statistically related to early breastfeeding with p values estimated at 0.014 and 0.047, respectively. Conclusion: Improving and enhancing the performance of breastfeeding practice should be possible by promoting early breastfeeding.

关键词： Early Breastfeeding Exclusive Breastfeeding Benin

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Neonatal morbidity and mortality from 2010 to 2016 in the Neonatal Care Unit of the University Teaching Hospital of Parakou/Benin

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第2期11卷 215-224页

作者： Alphonse Noudamadjo Gérard m. Kpanidja falilatou agbeille m.ham.d Kolawolé mavlison Zinvokpodo Rodrigue Ahodegnon Joseph Agossou Julien didier Adédémy Blaise Ayivi mother & Child department Faculty of Medecine University Teaching Hospital of Parakou Parakou Benin mother & Child department Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi and Pediatrics & medical Genetic Clinic Hubert K Maga National University Teaching Hospital (CNHU-HKM) of Cotonou Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Neonatal mortality accounts for 44% of deaths among children. This study aimed to investigate neonatal morbidity and mortality in the neonatal care unit of the University Teaching Hospital of Parakou (CHU-P) from 2010 to 2016. Patients and Methods: This research was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study that covered the period from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2016. It focused on the medical records of newborns hospitalized in the said unit during the period mentioned above. Study variables were sociodemographic, clinical, paraclinical and outcome. Findings: During the time span of the study, 6204 newborns were registered. Sex ratio was 1.32. Mean age for newborns was 6.01 ± 5.39 days. Clinically obvious neonatal infection (54.1%), prematurity and low birth weight (34.8%) and perinatal asphyxia (30%) were the main diseases of newborns recorded in the unit during the study period. Mortality rate was 16.8% including 77.9% occurred in the first week of life and 62.1% in the first 24 hours of life. Conclusion: More than one in six newborns died and three out of five deaths occurred in the first 24 hours of life. Therefore, it seems wise to carry out a case-control study with multivariate analysis in order to identify the main risk factors for that mortality.

关键词： Benin morbibidity mortality Newborns Parakou

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