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Deep Transfer Learning Models for Mobile-Based Ocular Disorder Identification on Retinal Images

Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 139-161页

作者： Roseline Oluwaseun Ogundokun Joseph Bamidele Awotunde Hakeem babalola Akande Cheng-Chi Lee Agbotiname Lucky Imoize Department of Multimedia Engineering Kaunas University of TechnologyKaunas44249Lithuania Department of Computer Science Landmark UniversityOmu Aran251103Nigeria Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information and Communication SciencesUniversity of IlorinIlorin240003Nigeria Department of Telecommunication Science University of IlorinIlorin230003Nigeria Department of Library and Information Science Fu Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei City24205TaiwanChina Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Fintech and Blockchain Research CenterAsia UniversityTaichung City41354TaiwanChina Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of LagosAkokaLagos100213Nigeria Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Institute of Digital CommunicationRuhr UniversityBochum44801Germany

Mobile technology is developing *** phone technologies have been integrated into the healthcare industry to help medical ***,computer vision models focus on image detection and classification ***2 is a computer vision model that performs well on mobile devices,but it requires cloud services to process biometric image information and provide predictions to *** leads to increased *** biometrics image datasets on mobile devices will make the prediction faster,but mobiles are resource-restricted devices in terms of storage,power,and computational ***,a model that is small in size,efficient,and has good prediction quality for biometrics image classification problems is *** pre-trained CNN(PCNN)MobileNetV2 architecture combined with a Support Vector Machine(SVM)compacts the model representation and reduces the computational cost and memory *** proposed novel approach combines quantized pre-trained CNN(PCNN)MobileNetV2 architecture with a Support Vector Machine(SVM)to represent models efficiently with low computational cost and *** contributions include evaluating three CNN models for ocular disease identification in transfer learning and deep feature plus SVM approaches,showing the superiority of deep features from MobileNetV2 and SVM classification models,comparing traditional methods,exploring six ocular diseases and normal classification with 20,111 images postdata augmentation,and reducing the number of trainable *** model is trained on ocular disorder retinal fundus image datasets according to the severity of six age-related macular degeneration(AMD),one of the most common eye illnesses,Cataract,Diabetes,Glaucoma,Hypertension,andMyopia with one class *** the experiment outcomes,it is observed that the suggested MobileNetV2-SVM model size is *** testing accuracy for MobileNetV2-SVM,InceptionV3,and MobileNetV2 is 90.11%,86.88%,a

关键词： Retinal images ocular disorder deep transfer learning disease identification mobile device

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Multi‑omics integration identifies regulatory factors underlying bovine subclinical mastitis

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 987-1007页

作者： Mengqi Wang Naisu Yang Mario Laterriere David Gagne faith Omonijo Eveline M.Ibeagha‑Awemu Agriculture and Agri‑Food Canada Sherbrooke Research and Development CentreSherbrookeQCCanada Department of Animal Science Universite LavalQuebec CityQCCanada Quebec Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaQuebec CityQCCanada

Background Mastitis caused by multiple factors remains one of the most common and costly disease of the dairy ***-omics approaches enable the comprehensive investigation of the complex interactions between mul-tiple layers of information to provide a more holistic view of disease ***,this study investigated the genomic and epigenomic signatures and the possible regulatory mechanisms underlying subclinical mastitis by integrating RNA sequencing data(mRNA and lncRNA),small RNA sequencing data(miRNA)and DNA methylation sequencing data of milk somatic cells from 10 healthy cows and 20 cows with naturally occurring subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Staphylococcus *** Functional investigation of the data sets through gene set analysis uncovered 3458 biological process GO terms and 170 KEGG pathways with altered activities during subclinical mastitis,provided further insights into subclin-ical mastitis and revealed the involvement of multi-omics signatures in the altered immune responses and impaired mammary gland productivity during subclinical *** abundant genomic and epigenomic signatures with sig-nificant alterations related to subclinical mastitis were observed,including 30,846,2552,1276 and 57 differential methylation haplotype blocks(dMHBs),differentially expressed genes(DEGs),lncRNAs(DELs)and miRNAs(DEMs),***,5 factors presenting the principal variation of differential multi-omics signatures were *** important roles of Factor 1(DEG,DEM and DEL)and Factor 2(dMHB and DEM),in the regulation of immune defense and impaired mammary gland functions during subclinical mastitis were *** of the omics within Factors 1 and 2 explained about 20%of the source of variation in subclinical ***,networks of impor-tant functional gene sets with the involvement of multi-omics signatures were demonstrated,which contributed to a comprehensive view of the possible regu

关键词： Candidate discriminant multi-omics signature Gene Long non-coding RNA Methylation haplotype block MicroRNA Multi-omics integration Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity pathway Staphylococcus aureus infection pathway

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High Power Microwave Treatment Impacts on Microbes in Rough Rice

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Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 139-141,I0020,I0021页

作者： faith OUMA Luthra KAUSHIK Boreddy SREENIVASULA Oduola ABASS Griffiths G.ATUNGULU Department of Food Science University of Arkansas Division of AgricultureFayetteville 72704USA Department of Processing and Food Engineering Dr.NTR College of Agricultural EngineeringBapatla 522101India

As rice consumption increases,ensuring its safety has become a priority for the food *** address this concern,the industry is exploring a single-pass microbial inactivation treatment at the rough rice *** this study,a long-grain rice variety,RT7321[21.2%wet basis(WB)and a 20 mm bed thickness]was exposed to microwave radiation(915 MHz frequency)at powers of 16,18,and 20 kW for durations of 1,2,and 3 *** found that the highest microwave power(20 kW)and the longest exposure duration(3 min)produced the greatest reduction in total aerobic count and total fungal count,reducing them by up to 1.21 and 5.01 log(CFU/g),*** findings provided insights into the used to high-power,shortduration 915 MHz microwave technology for decontamination purposes in rough rice to help improve the microbial safety of *** aim is to develop a single-pass drying approach for microbial inactivation in rice processing facilities while ensuring that the yield and quality is not compromised.

关键词： microwave insight facilities

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Nano-formulated delivery of active ingredients from traditional Chinese herbal medicines for cancer immunotherapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1525-1541页

作者： Qi Shang Wandong Liu faith Leslie Jiapei Yang Mingmei Guo Mingjiao Sun Guangji Zhang Qiang Zhang Feihu Wang School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053China Key Laboratory of Blood-stasis-toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310053China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Whiting School of Engineeringthe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21218USA Traditional Chinese Medicine“Preventing Disease”Wisdom Health Project Research Center of Zhejiang Hangzhou 310053China Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China

Cancer immunotherapy has garnered promise in tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis through establishing durable and memorable immunological activity. However, low response rates, adverse side effects, and high costs compromise the additional benefits for patients treated with current chemical and biological agents. Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) are a potential treasure trove of natural medicines and are gaining momentum in cancer immunomodulation with multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway characteristics. The active ingredient extracted from CHMs benefit generalized patients through modulating immune response mechanisms. Additionally, the introduction of nanotechnology has greatly improved the pharmacological qualities of active ingredients through increasing the hydrophilicity, stability, permeability, and targeting characteristics, further enhancing anti-cancer immunity. In this review, we summarize the mechanism of active ingredients for cancer immunomodulation, highlight nano-formulated deliveries of active ingredients for cancer immunotherapy, and provide insights into the future applications in the emerging field of nano-formulated active ingredients of CHMs.

关键词： Chinese herbal medicines Nano-formulation Activeingredients Drug delivery Cancer immunotherapy Innate immune system Adaptive immune system

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Interconnections between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy:diagnostic and therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2169-2180页

作者： Mingyi Yu faith Teo En Ning Chang Liu Yu-Chi Liu Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group Singapore Eye Research InstituteSingapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore Department of Cornea and External Eye Disease Singapore National Eye CenterSingapore Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

Diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy are ocular complications occurring in the context of diabetes *** corneal neuropathy refers to the progressive damage of corneal *** retinopathy has traditionally been considered as damage to the retinal ***,growing evidence suggests that diabetic retinopathy is a complex neurovascular disorder resulting from dysfunction of the neurovascular unit,which includes both the retinal vascular structures and neural *** retinopathy is one of the leading causes of blindness and is frequently screened for as part of diabetic ocular ***,diabetic corneal neuropathy is commonly overlooked and underdiagnosed,leading to severe ocular surface *** studies have found that these two conditions tend to occur together,and they share similarities in their pathogenesis pathways,being triggered by a status of chronic *** review aims to discuss the interconnection between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy,whether diabetic corneal neuropathy precedes diabetic retinopathy,as well as the relation between the stage of diabetic retinopathy and the severity of corneal *** also endeavor to explore the relevance of a corneal screening in diabetic eyes and the possibility of using corneal nerve measurements to monitor the progression of diabetic retinopathy.

关键词： cornea corneal nerves diabetes diabetic corneal neuropathy diabetic retinopathy retina

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Mapping Air Quality Using Remote Sensing Technology: A Case Study of Nairobi County

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2024年第1期13卷 1-22页

作者： Quinto Juma Meltus faith Njoki Karanja Geospatial Engineering Department The University of Nairobi (UoN) Nairobi Kenya Data Management Modeling and Geoinformation Unit (DMMG) International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi Kenya

Nairobi County experiences rapid industrialization and urbanization that contributes to the deteriorating state of air quality, posing a potential health risk to its growing population. Currently, in Nairobi County, most air quality monitoring stations use low-cost, inaccurate monitors prone to defects. The study’s objective was to map Nairobi County’s air quality using freely available remotely sensed imagery. The Air Pollution Index (API) formula was used to characterize the air quality from cloud-free Landsat satellite images i.e., Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 7 ETM+, and Landsat 8 OLI from Google Earth Engine. The API values were computed based on vegetation indices namely NDVI, TVI, DVI, and the SWIR1 and NIR bands on the QGIS platform. Qualitative accuracy assessment was done using sample points drawn from residential, industrial, green spaces, and traffic hotspot categories, based on a passive-random sampling technique. In this study, Landsat 5 API imagery for 2010 provided a reliable representation of local conditions but indicated significant pollution in green spaces, with recorded values ranging from -143 to 334. The study found that Landsat 7 API imagery in 2002 showed expected results with the range of values being -55 to 287, while Landsat 8 indicated high pollution levels in Nairobi. The results emphasized the importance of air quality factors in API calibration and the unmatched spatial coverage of satellite observations over ground-based monitoring techniques. The study recommends the recalibration of the API formula for characteristic regions, exploring newer satellite sensors like those onboard Landsat 9 and Sentinel 2, and involving key stakeholders in a discourse to develop a suitable Kenyan air quality index.

关键词： Air Quality Air Pollution Index (API) Satellite Imagery Vegetation Indices Nairobi County

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Screening of Rodents from Rural Communities of Lagos and Ogun State Nigeria of Lassa Virus RNA

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第2期14卷 120-130页

作者： Fatai Sarafa Emmanuel Tochukwu Onyeje Joseph Ojonugwa Shaibu Olumuyiwa babalola Salu Rosemary Ajuma Audu Sunday Aremu Omilabu Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria Centre for Human Virology and Genomics Research Microbiology Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology Central Research Laboratory and Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria

Background: In recent times, there has been an increase in the number of Lassa fever cases resulting from the several episodes of Lassa fever epidemics ravaging Nigeria and other West African countries. The presence of Lassa virus in rodents other than the major reservoir (Mastomys natalensis) has been a public health concern as to the actual burden of the disease. It is therefore of a public health necessity to explore the LASV RNA habouring potential of several species of rodents in endemic as well as non-endemic areas for proper prevention of emergence of outbreaks in non-endemic areas. Objectives: The aim of this study was to detect the presence of LASV RNA in different species of rodents in Ikorodu, Lagos state and Abeokuta, Ogun state. Methods: A total of ninety one (91) rodents were captured from Ikorodu, Lagos State (61 rodents) and Abeokuta, Ogun State (30 rodents), euthanized, bled, and plasma obtained for the detection of LASV RNA by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction. Results: A total of 91 rodents consisting of 77 Rattus rattus and 14 Crocidura spp. The S segment of LASV RNA was not in any of the 91 rodents’ plasma samples. Conclusion: The rodents captured within the rural communities of Ikorodu, Lagos State and Abeokuta, Ogun State were found not to habour the LASV RNA. This study is limited by the relatively small sample size. Similar studies should be encouraged both in endemic and non-endemic areas in order to understand the actual burden of Lassa fever as well as put into check future epidemics.

关键词： Lassa Virus Lassa Fever Mastomys natalensis Transmission Lagos State Ogun State

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Exploring the Pathways of Leprosy Patients from Their Communities to a Diagnosis in the Districts of Mayuge, Yumbe and Kasese-Uganda

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 346-373页

作者： Rose Kengonzi Stavia Turyahabwe Samuel Orach Lisa Gerwing-Adima Ronald W. Nyote Vincent Kamara Kabugho faith Consolata Mpambara National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Program Ministry of Health Uganda Kampala Uganda Health Department Uganda Catholic Medical Bureau Kampala Uganda German Leprosy and Tuberculosis Relief Association Kampala Uganda National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Program Kampala Uganda

Background: Leprosy is known to cause disability that leads to severe outcomes like stigma, discrimination, mental health problems and participation restriction. Furthermore, in cases of infectious leprosy, longer delays increase the risk for the spread of the disease. Despite being preventable and curable, a significant proportion of new leprosy patients (39%) in 2019 had grade 2 (Described as Visible disability) at the time of diagnosis signifying late presentation. The aim of this study was to describe patient journeys from first symptoms suggestive of leprosy to a diagnosis and individual and community level factors associated with health seeking behavior of leprosy patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional explorative study implemented in Kasese, Mayuge and Yumbe districts .A structured questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data. Qualitative assessment included patients, family members, health workers, voluntary health teams and the district health team. Descriptive statistics were presented in terms of percentages, frequency tables, pie Charts and graphs for easy interpretation and discussion. Results: The results indicate that 53% of the respondents identified as female. The median age of the respondents being 34 years, with a range of 1 to 76 years (Mean: 44.7, Mode: 65, Standard-Deviation: 19.6, Kurtosis: 0.6). The most common first symptom noticed by respondents was skin lesions (65%) followed by deformities (18%) (P value = 0.05%) occurring mostly in the feet (P-value = 0.48). Majority (52%) of the patients had taken more than 24 months (SD 18.72 OR 2.75) for a diagnosis to be made with a maximum delay of over 60 months. The most common cause of delay in seeking health care was lack of knowledge on leprosy (P value=Conclusions: There was a delay of 2 years in seeking health care for the majority of the patients. Key barriers to early diagnosis were lack of knowledge and infrastructure. Community sensitization and strengthening capacity buildi

关键词： Leprosy Patient Pathway Skin Lesions Disability Discrimination Delayed Diagnosis

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Floristic Composition, Population Structure, and Recruitment Status of Plant Species: A Case Study of Farmer-Managed Natural Regeneration Practices in Arid and Semi-Arid Lands in Kenya

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Open Journal of Forestry 2024年第2期14卷 141-154页

作者： Simon Kosgei Choge Samson Okoth Ojunga Dub Isacko Dokata William Kimen Chepkirui Justus Musau faith Milkah Muniale Ivan Kiplagat Kiptui Kenya Forestry Research Institute-Rift Valley Eco-Region Research Program Marigat Kenya Kenya Forestry Research Institute-Lake Victoria Eco-Region Research Program Kisumu Kenya Kenya Forestry Research Institute-Rift Valley Eco-Region Research Program Londiani Kenya CRIFSUP Project World Vision Kenya Nairobi Kenya

The technique of Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR) is being promoted as a cost-effective approach for restoring degraded arable dry lands. Its effectiveness has been observed in many countries across the globe, where it is a traditional practice, and is now being encouraged across the African continent. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of FMNR on floristic Composition, Vegetation Structure, and Regeneration Status of woody Plant Species in the severely degraded Central Rift, Kenya. The study systematically assessed how FMNR influenced species composition, vegetation structure and regeneration status from two sample plots involved in FMNR practices. Transect lines and quadrats methods were utilized to collect data, specifically regarding the floristic composition, vegetation structure, and regeneration status of woody plant species. Quadrats and sub-quadrats of varying sizes (10 m by 10 m, 5 m by 5 m, and 1 m by 1 m) were nested along the transect lines for data collection. Furthermore, measurements of tree growth and development, including root collar diameter, diameter at breast height (D130) and heights within the study blocks, were taken. The data was then analyzed using R-software. Results showed a marked progressive increase in numbers of trees, saplings, seedlings, shrubs and herbs in all FMNR sites and reductions in all non-FMNR sites. The study advocates for widespread promotion of the FMNR practice both as an environmental conservation and restoration strategy.

关键词： Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration FMNR Floristic Composition Vegetation Structure Regeneration Biodiversity

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Using DNA-based techniques to identify hybrids among linear-leaved Potamogeton plants collected in China

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2010年第4期48卷 265-270页

作者： Akeem babalola KADIRI Department of Botany and Microbiology University of Lagos

It is well known that interspecific hybrids occur in the genus *** linear-leaved Potamogeton species commonly have highly variable morphological *** hybrids often show similar vegetative characters to their parental species and their identification based solely on morphology is not always *** order to clarify whether there are any hybrids from the linear-leaved Potamogeton plants collected in China,we used internal transcribed spacers(ITS)of nuclear ribosomal DNA and chloroplast rbcL gene sequences to identify the *** ITS sequence additivity,we identified four hybrids,namely ***(***×***),***×***,***×***,and ***×*** latter three hybrids should be considered as new hybrids in *** maternal parents of the four hybrids were confirmed using chloroplast rbcL gene sequences.

关键词： hybridization internal transcribed spacer Potamogeton rbcL

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