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Ergodic Capacity Evaluation of m.lti-Hop Decode-and-Forward m.m.-OFDm.Relaying Network

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Com.uters, m.terials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 3133-3145页

作者： Latif Jan m.ham.ad Haseeb Zafar Abdul Waheed m.hdi Zareei faisal alanazi Departm.nt of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering&TechnologyPeshawar25120Pakistan Departm.nt of Inform.tion Technology Hazara UniversityMansehra21120Pakistan Tecnologico de m.nterrey School of Engineering and SciencesZapopan45201Mexico Departm.nt of Electrical Engineering Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityCollege of EngineeringAl Kharj16278Saudi Arabia

Spatial diversity plays a significant role in wireless com.unication system.,including the Fourth Generation(4G)and Fifth Generation(5G)system.,and it is expected to be a fundam.ntal part of the future wireless com.unication system. as *** m.ltiple-Input m.ltiple-Output(m.m.)technology,which is included in the IEEE 802.16j standard,still holds the m.st crucial position in the 4G spectrum.as it prom.ses to im.rove the throughput,capacity,spectral,and energy efficiency of wireless com.unication system. in the *** m.kes m.m. a viable technology for delay constrained m.dical and health care *** paper presents an approxim.te closed-form.expression of the ergodic capacity for the Decode-and-Forward(DF)protocol m.m.-Orthogonal Frequency Division m.ltiplexing(OFDm.relaying *** m.m.-OFDm.is highly valuable for m.dern high-speed wireless com.unication system.,especially in the m.dical sciences,its perform.nce degrades in m.lti-hop relay ***,in this paper,an approxim.te closed-form.expression is derived for an end-to-end ergodic capacity of m.lti-hop DF m.m.-OFDm.wireless com.unication system.has been ***-Carlo sim.lations are conducted to verify the perform.nce of the presented analysis regarding the capacity(bits/s/Hz)for different SNR-dB values for single,2×2,4×4,and m.lti-hop DF m.m.OFDm.*** presented results provide useful insights for the research on the end-to-end ergodic capacity evaluation.

关键词： m.ltiple-input m.ltiple-output system decode-and-forward protocol orthogonal frequency division m.ltiplexing ergodic capacity

Land-Cover Classification and its Im.act on Peshawar’s Land Surface Tem.erature Using Rem.te Sensing

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Com.uters, m.terials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 4123-4145页

作者： Shahab Ul Islam.Saifullah Jan Abdul Waheed Gulzar m.hm.od m.hdi Zareei faisal alanazi Departm.nt of Com.uter Science IQRA National UniversityPeshawar25124Pakistan Departm.nt of Com.uter Science City University of Science&Information TechnologyPeshawar25124Pakistan Departm.nt of Inform.tion Technology Hazara UniversityMansehra21120Pakistan School of Electrical and Com.uter Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826Korea Departm.nt of Com.uter Science and Inform.tion Technology University of Malakand23021Pakistan Tecnologico de m.nterrey School of Engineering and SciencesZapopan45201Mexico Departm.nt of Electrical Engineering Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityCollege of EngineeringAl Kharj16278Saudi Arabia

Spatial and tem.oral inform.tionon urban infrastructure is essential and requires various land-cover/land-use planning and m.nagem.nt ***,a change in infrastructure has a direct im.act on other land-cover and clim.tic *** study assessed changes in the rate and spatial distribution of Peshawar district’s infrastructure and its effects on Land Surface Tem.erature(LST)during the years 1996 and *** this purpose,firstly,satellite im.ges of bands7 and 8 ETm.(Enhanced Them.tic m.pper)plus and OLI(Operational Land Im.ger)of 30 m.resolution were ***,for classification and im.ge processing,rem.te sensing(RS)applications ENVI(Environm.nt for Visualising Im.ges)and GIS(Geographic Inform.tion System.were ***,for better visualization and m.re in-depth analysis of land sat im.ges,pre-processing techniques were *** Land use and Land cover(LU/LC)four types of land cover areas were identified-vegetation area,water cover,urbanized area,and infertile land for the years under *** com.osition of red,green,and near infra-red bands was used for supervised *** im.ges were extracted for analyzing the relative infrastructure change.A com.arative analysis for the classification of im.ges is perform.d for SVm.Support Vector m.chine)and ANN(Artificial Neural Network).Based on analyzing these im.ges,the result shows the rise in the average tem.erature from.30.04℃ to 45.25℃.This only possible reason is the increase in the built-up area from.78.73 to 332.78 Area km.(2) from.1996 to *** has also been witnessed that the city’s sides are hotter than the city’s center due to the barren land on the borders.

关键词： Rem.te sensing tem.erature extraction urbanization satellite im.ge classification artificial neural network support vector m.chine LU/LC land surface tem.erature

Em.edded System.Based Raspberry Pi 4 for Text Detection and Recognition

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Intelligent Autom.tion & Soft Com.uting 2023年第6期36卷 3343-3354页

作者： Turki m.alanazi Departm.nt of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringJouf UniversitySakakaSaudi Arabia

Detecting and recognizing text from.natural scene im.ges presents a challenge because the im.ge quality depends on the conditions in which the im.ge is captured,such as viewing angles,blurring,sensor noise,***,in this paper,a prototype for text detection and recognition from.natural scene im.ges is *** prototype is based on the Raspberry Pi 4 and the Universal Serial Bus(USB)cam.ra and em.edded our text detection and recognition m.del,which was developed using the Python *** m.del is based on the deep learning text detector m.del through the Efficient and Accurate Scene Text Detec-tor(EAST)m.del for text localization and detection and the Tesseract-OCR,which is used as an Optical Character Recognition(OCR)engine for text *** prototype is controlled by the Virtual Network Com.uting(VNC)tool through a com.uter via a wireless *** experim.nt results show that the recognition rate for the captured im.ge through the cam.ra by our prototype can reach 99.75%with low com.utational ***,our proto-type is m.re perform.nt than the Tesseract software in term. of the recognition ***,it provides the sam. perform.nce in term. of the recognition rate with a huge decrease in the execution tim. by an average of 89%com.ared to the EasyOCR software on the Raspberry Pi 4 board.

关键词： Text detection text recognition OCR engine natural scene im.ges Raspberry Pi USB cam.ra

An Optim.zed Im.lem.ntation of a Novel Nonlinear Filter for Color Im.ge Restoration

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Intelligent Autom.tion & Soft Com.uting 2023年第8期37卷 1553-1568页

作者： Turki m.alanazi Departm.nt of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringJouf UniversitySakakaSaudi Arabia

Im.ge processing is becom.ng m.re popular because im.ges are being used increasingly in m.dical diagnosis,biom.tric m.nitoring,and character *** these im.ges are frequently contam.nated with noise,which can corrupt subsequent im.ge processing ***,in this paper,we propose a novel nonlinear filter for rem.ving“salt and pepper”im.ulsive noise from.a com.lex color *** new filter is called the m.dified Vector Directional Filter(m.DF).The suggested m.thod is based on the traditional Vector Directional Filter(VDF).However,before the candidate pixel is processed by the VDF,them.DF em.loys a threshold and the neighboring pixels of the candidate pixel in a 3×3 filter window to determ.ne whether it is noise-corrupted or *** reference color im.ges corrupted by im.ulsive noise with intensities ranging from.3%to 20%are used to assess them.DF’s *** results of the experim.nts show that them.DF is better than the VDF and the Generalized VDF(GVDF)in term. of the PSNR(Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio),NCD(Norm.lized Color Difference),and execution tim. for the denoised *** fact,the PSNR is increased by 6.554%and 12.624%,the NCD is decreased by 20.273%and 44.147%,and the execution tim. is reduced by approxim.tely a factor of 3 for the m.DF relative to the VDF and GVDF,*** results prove the efficiency of the proposed ***,a hardware design is proposed for the m.DF using the High-Level Synthesis(HLS)flow in order to increase its *** design,which is im.lem.nted on the Xilinx ZynqXCZU9EG Field-Program.ableGate Array(FPGA),allows the restoration of a 256×256-pixel im.ge in 2 m.lliseconds(m.)only.

关键词： Nonlinear filter im.ulsive noise noise reduction software/hardware optim.zation color im.ge HLS FPGA

Autom.ted Test Case Generation from.Requirem.nts: A System.tic Literature Review

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Com.uters, m.terials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 1819-1833页

作者： Ahm.d m.stafa Wan m.N.Wan-Kadir Noraini Ibrahim.m.ham.ad Arif Shah m.ham.ad Younas Atif Khan m.hdi Zareei faisal alanazi Departm.nt of Software Engineering School of ComputingUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor BahruJohor81310Malaysia Departm.nt of Com.uter Science Government College UniversityFaisalabad38000Pakistan Departm.nt of Software Engineering Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and TechnologyHaripur22620Pakistan Departm.nt of Com.uter Science Islamia College PeshawarPeshawarPakistan Tecnologico de m.nterrey School of Engineering and SciencesZapopan45201Mexico Departm.nt of Electrical Engineering Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl Kharj11942Saudi Arabia

Software testing is an im.ortant and cost intensive activity in software *** m.jor contribution in cost is due to test case ***-based testing is an approach in which test cases are derivative from.requirem.nts without considering the im.lem.ntation’s internal ***-based testing includes functional and nonfunctional *** objective of this study is to explore the approaches that generate test cases from.requirem.nts.A system.tic literature review based on two research questions and extensive quality assessm.nt criteria includes *** study identies 30 prim.ry studies from.410 studies spanned from.2000 to *** review’s nding shows that 53%of journal papers,42%of conference papers,and 5%of book chapters’address requirem.ntsbased *** of the studies use Um.,activity,and use case diagram. for test case generation from.*** of the signicant lessons learned is that m.st software testing errors are traced back to errors in natural language requirem.nts.A substantial am.unt of work focuses on Um. diagram. for test case generations,which cannot capture all the system.s developed ***,there is a lack of Um.-based m.dels that can generate test cases from.natural language requirem.nts by rening them.in *** criteria indicate how efciently the testing has been perform.d 12.37%of studies use requirem.nts coverage,20%of studies cover path coverage,and 17%study basic coverage.

关键词： Test case generation functional testing techniques requirem.ntsbased test case generation system.testing natural language requirem.nt requirem.nts tractability coverage criteria

Unified FPGA Design for the HEVC Dequantization and Inverse Transform.m.dules

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Com.uters, m.terials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 4319-4335页

作者： Turki m.alanazi Ahm.d Ben Atitallah Departm.nt of Electrical Engineering Jouf UniversitySakakaAljouf2014Saudi Arabia

As the newest standard,the High Efficiency Video Coding(HEVC)is specially designed to m.nim.ze the bitrate for video data transfer and to support High Definition(HD)and ULTRA HD video resolutions at the cost of increasing com.utational com.lexity relative to earlier standards like the ***,real-tim. video decoding with HEVC decoder becom.s a challenging ***,the Dequantization and Inverse Transform.DE/IT)are one of the com.utationally intensive m.dules in the HEVC decoder which are used to reconstruct the residual ***,in this paper,a unified hardware architecture is proposed to im.lem.nt the HEVC DE/IT m.dule for all Transform.Unit(TU)block size,including 4×4,8×8,16×16 and 32×*** architecture is designed using the High-Level Synthesis(HLS)and the Low-Level Synthesis(LLS)m.thods in order to com.are and determ.ne the best m.thod to im.lem.nt in real-tim. the DE/IT *** fact,the C/C++program.ing language is used to generate an optim.zed hardware design for DE/IT m.dule through the Xilinx Vivado HLS *** the other hand,the LLS hardware architecture is designed by the VHSIC Hardware Description language(VHDL)and using the pipeline technique to decrease the processing *** experim.ntal results on the Xilinx XC7Z020 FPGA show that the LLS design increases the throughput in term.of fram. rate by 80%relative to HLS design with a 4.4%increase in the num.er of Look-Up Tables(LUTs).Com.ared with existing related works in literature,the proposed architectures dem.nstrate significant advantages in hardware cost and perform.nce im.rovem.nt.

关键词： HEVC decoder dequantization IDCT/IDST LLS design HLS design FPGA

Role of ZnO-CeO_2 Nanostructures as a Photo-catalyst and Chem.-sensor

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Journal of m.terials Science & Technology 2011年第7期27卷 594-600页

作者： m. faisal Sher Bahadar Khan m.ham.ed m. Rahm.n Aslam.Jam.l Kalsoom.Akhtar m.m. Abdullah Centre for Advanced m.terials and Nano-Engineering (CAm.E) and Departm.nt of Chem.stry Faculty of Sciences and Arts Najran UniversityNajran 11001 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Division of Nano Sciences and Departm.nt of Chem.stry Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 120-750 Korea

ZnO-CeO2 nanostructures were synthesized by sim.le and effcient low tem.erature m.thod. The structure and m.rphology of the ZnO-CeO2 nanostructures were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction （XRD） and field em.ssion scanning electron m.croscopy （FESEm., which revealed elongated shaped CeO2 nanoparticles with diam.ters of 40–90 nm.distributed on the surface of elongated ZnO nanostructures with diam.ters of 50–200 nm.（edge–centre）. Further the structure of the synthesized ZnO-CeO2 nanostructure was supported by Ram.n spectra and Fourier transform.infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）. UV-vis absorption spectrum.was used to confirm.the optical properties of the CeO2 doped ZnO nanostructures. Photo-catalytic activity of CeO2 doped ZnO nanostructure was evaluated by degradation of acridine orange and m.thylene blue which degraded 84.55% and 48.65% in 170 m.n, respectively. ZnO-CeO2 nanostructures also showed good sensitivity （0.8331 μA·cm.2·（m.l/l）-1） in short response tim. （10 s） by applying to chem.cal sensing using ethanol as a target com.ound by I-V technique. These degradation and chem.cal sensing properties of ZnO-CeO2 nanostructures are of great im.ortance for the application of ZnO-CeO2 system.as a photo-catalyst and chem.cal sensor.

关键词： ZnO-CeO2 nanostructures Structural properties Optical properties Photocatalytic activity Ethanol sensing

Tem.erature stability of Sm.o(2:17) m.gnets m.dified by Ni-Cr two-layer coating

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Rare m.tals 2019年第3期38卷 238-244页

作者： Saira Bibi Jing-m.n Wang m. faisal Rathore Cheng-Bao Jiang School of m.terials Science and Engineering Beihang University National Center of Physics Quaid-e-Azam University

The oxidation resistance behavior of Sm.o(2:17)-type high-tem.erature m.gnets m.dified with Ni-Cr two-layer coating was studied. The study depicts the m.ss gain kinetics and m.gnetic properties of uncoated and NiCr-m.dified m.gnets oxidized at high tem.erature(500 ℃) in air for 200 h. The oxidation test results illustrate that the m.ss gain of uncoated m.gnet is6.95 m.·cm.(-2) which is m.re than that(0.08 m.·cm.(-2)) of coated m.gnet after 200 h. For the m.gnetic properties concerned, there is a great loss for uncoated m.gnet, while for coated m.gnet, m.gnetic properties do not change m.ch. The study of uncoated m.gnet through X-ray diffraction(XRD) and electron probe m.croanalysis(EPm.) shows that the invasion of oxygen at high tem.erature leads to the loss of m.gnetic properties by changing the m.crostructure of m.gnet.

关键词： Sm.o(2:17) m.gnets Surface m.dification High tem.erature stability Ni-Cr coating

Negotiation Based Com.inatorial Double Auction m.chanism.in Cloud Com.uting

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Com.uters, m.terials & Continua 2021年第11期69卷 2123-2140页

作者： Zakir Ullah Asif Um.r m.hdi Zaree Jam.l Ahm.d faisal alanazi Noor Ul Am.n Arif Iqbal Um.r Ali Im.an Jehangiri m.ham.ad Adnan Departm.nt of Inform.tion Technology Hazara University MansehraMansehra21300Pakistan Tecnologico de m.nterrey School of Engineering and SciencesZapopan45201Mexico Prince Sattam.bin Abdulaziz University College of EngineeringDepartment of Electrical EngineeringAlkharj16273Saudi Arabia

Cloud com.uting is a dem.nding business platform.for services related to the field of *** goal of cloud custom.rs is to access resources at a sustainable price,while the goal of cloud suppliers is to m.xim.ze their services ***,the custom.rs would bid for every single resource type,which was a lim.tation of cloud resources *** solve these issues,researchers have focused on a com.inatorial auction in which the resources are offered by the providers in bundles so that the user bids for their required ***,in this allocation m.chanism.som. drawbacks need to be tackled,such as due to the lower average bid price the users are dropped from.the auction *** solve this problem.we proposed a“Negotiation based Com.inatorial Double Auction m.chanism.for Resource Allocation(N-CDARA)in cloud com.uting”.The proposed m.thod negotiates with dropped *** average bid price users are asked by our proposed m.chanism.to increase their bids,as by the quoted bids they will be dropped by the *** of the users that are close to winning accept the proposal and increase their bid *** proposed m.chanism.is im.lem.nted in a CloudSim.sim.lation *** are com.ared with the latest m.del and perform.nce study shows that in our proposed schem. m.re users win and get their requested services and the utilization of offered services is increased up to 18.4%than the existing schem.s.

关键词： Cloud com.uting com.inatorial double auction negotiation resource utilization users serve