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The Use of Standardized Reporting and Time-in-Range in the Management of Diabetes: A Consensus Report

International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2021年第8期12卷 316-327页

作者： Saud al Sifri Adnan alshaikh Bassam Bin-Abbas Eman Sheshah Fahad Al Sabaan Mohammed al-Dawish Mohammed al-Dubayee Naweed al-Zaman Raed A. al-Dahash Saad alzahrani Emad R. Issak Endocrinology and Diabetes Department Alhada and Taif Armed Forces Hospitals Taif Saudi Arabia Pediatrics Department King Abdulaziz Medical City—Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs King Khalid National Guard Hospital Jeddah Saudi Arabia Pediatrics Department King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center Riyadh Saudi Arabia Endocrinology Department King Salman hospital Riyadh Saudi Arabia Endocrinology Department Security forces hospital program Riyadh Saudi Arabia Endocrinology Department Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC) Riyadh Saudi Arabia Pediatrics Department Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs-Riyadh Riyadh Saudi Arabia Endocrinology Department Taibah University Madina Saudi Arabia Internal Medicine Department King Abdulaziz Medical City—National Guard Riyadh Saudi Arabia Endocrinology Department Medical Director OEMC King Fahad Medical City Riyadh Saudi Arabia Internal Medicine Department Faculty of Medicine Ain-Shams University Cairo Egypt

Introduction: The exhaustion of healthcare resources due to the rising prevalence in Saudi Arabia mandates the search for each method that can help in better control of diabetes. Methods: The gathered task force gath-ered to develop an explicit, evidence-based consensus for the use of time-in-range targets as guidance for better glycemic control while using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). This article has the recommenda-tions of this expert panel. Results: HbA1c and self-monitoring blood glu-cose (SMBG) are not enough to detect blood glucose (BG) fluctuations on a daily basis. The incorporation of technology like FreeStyle Libre with its applications like Libre View is now used in many institutes in Saudi Ara-bia. This system is comprehensive and has all the standardized metrics needed. However, training and support are always needed. Barriers and challenges include the awareness & experience of the technology, the time barrier, the patients’ barriers, the technical barriers, and of course, the availability barrier. all the barriers and challenges should be dealt with by designing new training programs. Conclusion: The expert panel recom-mended using CGMs technology in people with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) children and adults, type 2 diabetes (T2DM) on multiple insulin injections, gestational diabetes (GDM) who need further glycemic control, and those at high risk for hypoglycemia. In addition, we recommend using them for a short period for those who require intensive BG control or during acute illness or stress. In addition, Ambulatory Glucose Profile (AGP) could be used as an educational tool for any individuals with DM to study the im-pact of certain elements of lifestyle modifications on their immediate BG level.

关键词： Diabetes Time in Range Glycemic Control HbA1c

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A multi-delay model for pest control with awareness induced interventions — Hopf bifurcation and optimal control analysis

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2020年第6期13卷 113-134页

作者： fahad al Basir Department of Mathematics A sansol Girls'College A sansol-713304West BengalIndia

Farming awareness is an important measure for pest controlling in agricultural practice.Time delay in controlling pest may affect the system.Time delay occurs in organizing awareness campaigns,also time delay may takes place in becoming aware of the control strategies or implementing suitable controlling methods informed through social media.Thus we have derived a mathematical model incorporating two time delays into the system and Holling type-II functional response.The existence and the stability criteria of the equilibria are obtained in terms of the basic reproduction number and time delays.Stability changes occur through Hopf-bifurcation when time delays cross the critical values.Optimal control theory has been applied for cost-effectiveness of the delayed system.Numerical simulations are carried out to justify the analytical results.This study shows that optimal farming awareness through radio,TV etc.can control the delay induced bifurcation in a cost-effective way.

关键词： Mathematical model Holling type-II functional response delay differential equation(DDE) basic reproduction number Hopf bifurcation optimal control

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Heat transfer and airflow characteristics enhancement of compact plate-pin fins heat sinks–a review

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Propulsion and Power Research 2018年第2期7卷 138-146页

作者： Amer al-damook fahad Saleh alkasmoul Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of AnbarIraq King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology in Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Plate-pin heat sinks are widely used for the electronic cooling system,internal combustion IC engine,cooling of gas turbine blades and other different applications to enhance the thermal performance of heat sinks due to simplicity,low cost,and a reliable manufacturing process.However,compact heat sinks give higher pressure drop compared with other types of heat sinks.The purpose of this article is to summarise the main advantages and disadvantages of the compact heat sink with some recommendation studies for future works heat sink thermal airflow experiment and simulations.Furthermore,the research attempts to highlight the importance of balance the relationship between the hydraulic performance and the thermal performance of compact heat sinks。

关键词： Heat sinks Heat transfer enhancement for applications Conjugate heat transfe

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Evolutionary Intelligence and Deep Learning Enabled Diabetic Retinopathy Classification Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 87-101页

作者： Bassam A.Y.alqaralleh fahad aldhaban Anas Abukaraki Esam A.al.Qaralleh MIS Department College of Business AdministrationUniversity of Business and TechnologyJeddah21448Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information TechnologyAl-Hussein Bin Talal UniversityMa’an71111Jordan School of Engineering Princess Sumaya University for TechnologyAmman11941Jordan

Diabetic Retinopathy(DR)has become a widespread illness among diabetics across the globe.Retinal fundus images are generally used by physicians to detect and classify the stages of DR.Since manual examination of DR images is a time-consuming process with the risks of biased results,automated tools using Artificial Intelligence(AI)to diagnose the disease have become essential.In this view,the current study develops an Optimal Deep Learning-enabled Fusion-based Diabetic Retinopathy Detection and Classification(ODL-FDRDC)technique.The intention of the proposed ODLFDRDC technique is to identify DR and categorize its different grades using retinal fundus images.In addition,ODL-FDRDC technique involves region growing segmentation technique to determine the infected regions.Moreover,the fusion of two DL models namely,CapsNet and MobileNet is used for feature extraction.Further,the hyperparameter tuning of these models is also performed via Coyote Optimization algorithm(COA).Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)is also utilized to identify DR.The experimental results of the analysis,accomplished by ODL-FDRDC technique against benchmark DR dataset,established the supremacy of the technique over existing methodologies under different measures.

关键词： Optimization algorithms medical images diabetic retinopathy deep learning fusion model

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Solutes in native plants in the Arabian Gulf region and the role of microorganisms: future research

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第5期11卷 671-684页

作者： Roda fahad al-Thani Bassam Taha Yasseen Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences College of Arts&SciencesQatar UniversityDohaQatar Present address:8 James Court Dunstable RoadLuton LU40HNUK.

Aims One of the outstanding challenges facing humankind is increas-ing crop production under various types of severe environmental conditions.Many measures have been taken to adopt molecular and biotechnological approaches that lead to the development of transgenic plants able to deal with such harsh and polluted envi-ronments.However,such solutions could be very expensive and require considerable efforts and time to achieve these objectives.The main objective of this review is to discuss the new biological solutions that have emerged in the last decade,as environmentally friendly approaches,perhaps to support and/or replace the present efforts.These solutions based on plant-microbe interactions could be a lifeline and promising alternative strategy to create plants with a high resistance to the extreme environments.Methods During the last two decades research projects have been conducted to study the ecology,identify the features,and the ecophysiology of native plants and the associated microorganisms in the Arabian Gulf region and particularly in Qatar.Many physiological and bio-chemical parameters have been determined,including organic sol-utes(amino acids like proline,glycinebetaine,soluble sugars,etc.),photosynthetic pigments,organic acids and inorganic ions espe-cially heavy metals,along with the physical and chemical proper-ties of the soil in various locations of the State of Qatar.also,the microorganisms adjacent to and associated with these native plants were identified to elucidate the possible roles in the soil biota in supporting these plants against extreme environmental conditions.Important Findings Investigations of native plants in the Arabian Gulf states during the last decade have shown that wild plants exhibit different abili-ties to accumulate organic solutes to cope with the harsh natural environments.Pollution is a major factor stressing wildlife in this region due to the expansion of urban sectors and industrial activi-ties of oil and ***patible osmolytes,like proline,accumu-late in wild p

关键词： Arabian Gulf region arid lands compatible solutes drought microorganisms modern approaches pollution salinity

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Optimal Machine Learning Enabled Intrusion Detection in Cyber-Physical System Environment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 4691-4707页

作者： Bassam A.Y.alqaralleh fahad aldhaban Esam A.alQarallehs Ahmad H.al-Omari MIS Department College of Business AdministrationUniversity of Business and TechnologyJeddah21448Saudi Arabia School of Engineering Princess Sumaya University for TechnologyAmman11941Jordan Faculty of Science Computer Science DepartmentNorthern Border UniversityArar91431Saudi Arabia

Cyber-attacks on cyber-physical systems(CPSs)resulted to sensing and actuation misbehavior,severe damage to physical object,and safety risk.Machine learning(ML)models have been presented to hinder cyberattacks on the CPS environment;however,the non-existence of labelled data from new attacks makes their detection quite interesting.Intrusion Detection System(IDS)is a commonly utilized to detect and classify the existence of intrusions in the CPS environment,which acts as an important part in secure CPS environment.Latest developments in deep learning(DL)and explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)stimulate new IDSs to manage cyberattacks with minimum complexity and high sophistication.In this aspect,this paper presents an XAI based IDS using feature selection with Dirichlet Variational Autoencoder(XAIIDS-FSDVAE)model for CPS.The proposed model encompasses the design of coyote optimization algorithm(COA)based feature selection(FS)model is derived to select an optimal subset of features.Next,an intelligent Dirichlet Variational Autoencoder(DVAE)technique is employed for the anomaly detection process in the CPS environment.Finally,the parameter optimization of the DVAE takes place using a manta ray foraging optimization(MRFO)model to tune the parameter of the DVAE.In order to determine the enhanced intrusion detection efficiency of the XAIIDS-FSDVAE technique,a wide range of simulations take place using the benchmark datasets.The experimental results reported the better performance of the XAIIDSFSDVAE technique over the recent methods in terms of several evaluation parameters.

关键词： Cyber-physical systems explainable artificial intelligence deep learning security intrusion detection metaheuristics

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Hybrid Metaheuristics Based License Plate Character Recognition in Smart City

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 5727-5740页

作者： Esam A.al.Qaralleh fahad aldhaban Halah Nasseif Bassam A.Y.alqaralleh Tamer AbuKhalil School of Engineering Princess Sumaya University for TechnologyAmman11941Jordan MIS Department College of Business AdministrationUniversity of Business and TechnologyJeddah21448Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information TechnologyAl-Hussein Bin Talal UniversityMa’an71111Jordan

Recent technological advancements have been used to improve the quality of living in smart cities.At the same time,automated detection of vehicles can be utilized to reduce crime rate and improve public security.On the other hand,the automatic identification of vehicle license plate(LP)character becomes an essential process to recognize vehicles in real time scenarios,which can be achieved by the exploitation of optimal deep learning(DL)approaches.In this article,a novel hybrid metaheuristic optimization based deep learning model for automated license plate character recognition(HMODL-alPCR)technique has been presented for smart city environments.The major intention of the HMODL-alPCR technique is to detect LPs and recognize the characters that exist in them.For effective LP detection process,mask regional convolutional neural network(Mask-RCNN)model is applied and the Inception with Residual Network(ResNet)-v2 as the baseline network.In addition,hybrid sunflower optimization with butterfly optimization algorithm(HSFO-BOA)is utilized for the hyperparameter tuning of the Inception-ResNetv2 model.Finally,Tesseract based character recognition model is applied to effectively recognize the characters present in the LPs.The experimental result analysis of the HMODL-alPCR technique takes place against the benchmark dataset and the experimental outcomes pointed out the improved efficacy of the HMODL-alPCR technique over the recent methods.

关键词： Smart city license plate recognition optimal deep learning metaheuristic algorithms parameter tuning

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Betalains protect various body organs through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1109-1117页

作者： Nilesh Prakash Nirmal Seema Medhe Merina Dahal Pankaj Koirala Siriwan Nirmal fahad al-Asmari Baojun Xu Institute of Nutrition Mahidol UniversityNakhon Pathom 73170Thailand Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Central Campus of TechnologyTribhuvan UniversityKathmandu 46000Nepal Department of Adult Nursing Faculty of NursingBurapha UniversityChonburi 20131Thailand Department of Food Science and Nutrition College of Agriculture and Food SciencesKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa 31982Saudi Arabia Food Science and Technology Program Department of Life SciencesBNU-HKBU United International CollegeZhuhai 519088China

Betalains are natural coloring pigments with betalamic acid as the core structure of all subclasses.Besides their coloring properties,betalains exhibit various biological activities,including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties,which are highly imperative.Further in-vivo studies reported that betalains protect various body organs,leading to health enhancement.Body organs,including the heart,liver,kidney,lung,etc.,are important for a healthy life.However,these organs can be affected or damaged by various stress factors,toxicants,and harmful substances.Recent studies have claimed that betalains could protect all vital organs of the body through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.This review article described the in-vivo antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of betalains in various cell-line or animal models.A comprehensive discussion has been provided on the mechanism of action of betalains in protecting various body organs,including cardio-protective effect,hepato-protective ability,renal protection capacity,repro-protective ability,neuro-protective effect,lung protection,and gut protection ability.Finally,future research directions and conclusions have been outlined.

关键词： Betalains Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory Bioactivities Ogans-protection

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Prediction of COVID-19 Confirmed Cases Using Gradient Boosting Regression Method

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第1期66卷 315-329页

作者： Abdu Gumaei Mabrook al-Rakhami Mohamad Mahmoud al Rahhal fahad Raddah H.albogamy Eslam al Maghayreh Hussain alSalman College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud UniversityRiyadh11362Saudi Arabia Computer Science Department Faculty of Applied ScienceTaiz UniversityTaizYemen College of Applied Computer Sciences King Saud UniversityRiyadh11362Saudi Arabia

The fast spread of coronavirus disease(COVID-19)caused by SARSCoV-2 has become a pandemic and a serious threat to the world.As of May 30,2020,this disease had infected more than 6 million people globally,with hundreds of thousands of deaths.Therefore,there is an urgent need to predict confirmed cases so as to analyze the impact of COVID-19 and practice readiness in healthcare systems.This study uses gradient boosting regression(GBR)to build a trained model to predict the daily total confirmed cases of COVID-19.The GBR method can minimize the loss function of the training process and create a single strong learner from weak learners.Experiments are conducted on a dataset of daily confirmed COVID-19 cases from January 22,2020,to May 30,2020.The results are evaluated on a set of evaluation performance measures using 10-fold cross-validation to demonstrate the effectiveness of the GBR method.The results reveal that the GBR model achieves 0.00686 root mean square error,the lowest among several comparative models.

关键词： COVID-19 coronavirus disease SARS-CoV-2 machine learning gradient boosting regression(GBR)method

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Lean HC gas injection pilots analysis and IPR back calculation to examine the impact of asphaltene deposition on flow performance

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Petroleum Research 2019年第1期4卷 84-95页

作者： fahad I.Syed Mohamed Boukhatem Ahmed A.al Kiyoumi Abu Dhabi National Oil Company(ADNOC)Offshore Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

Gas injection is one of the most economical and effective approach to improve oil recovery.However,outcome of such approach is contingent to reservoir heterogeneities impacting gas override and fingering.Furthermore,injected fluid composition and its compatibility with the reservoir fluid potentially impact flow assurance issues such as asphaltene precipitation into the wellbore and surface facilities.The objective of this paper is to examine the lesson learnt from a couple of field scale 5 spot patterned lean hydrocarbon gas injection pilots which were deployed in a heterogeneous carbonate formation of a giant field located offshore Abu Dhabi under secondary and tertiary drive mechanisms.Said pilots provides a valuable insight on production performance,pressure support,gravity override,fluid composition and evidence of asphaltene deposition that resulted in heavy production loss prior to the solvent treatment.This paper presents the overall pilot performance including pattern recovery,fluid front movement,potential role of heterogeneity in gas breakthrough timings and the operational events to witness asphaltene deposition affecting the flow performance.The deposited asphaltene cake thickness was measured mechanically during routine tubing clearance check operation that was helpful in estimating production loss due to altered production tubing flow opening.also an integrated approach is applied to confirm the AOP laboratory measurements with the actual deposits of asphaltene that were found in to the production tubing.In order to confirm the effect of asphaltene deposition on inflow from near wellbore formation to the wellbore,a straightforward yet innovative nodal analysis approach was applied to study well performance using the calibrated and history matched well model.It was noticed that not only the outflow was altered because of asphaltene deposition into wellbore but also the inflow(productivity index)was seriously impacted potentially due to asphaltene deposition in near wellbore formation.

关键词： Gas injection Well performance Asphaltene deposition Formation damage

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