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Bioremoval of Aquatic Environment Lead by Immobilized Cells of Enterobacter spp.

Journal of Life Sciences 2011年第11期5卷 967-973页

作者： Harith Jabbar fahad al-mathkhury Adnan Hasan Afaj Waad Emad Kasid Department of Biology College of Science Uniw rsity of Baghdad Baghdad 10071 Iraq ministry of Science and Technology Baghdad 10070 Iraq ministry of lndustry and minerals General Commission for Industrial Research and Development Energy and EnvironmentResearch Center Baghdad 10071 Iraq

This work aimed to investigate the biosorption of lead by free and immobilized bacterial cell. Twenty four samples were collected from the wastewater of batteries factory in al-Waziria district for the period from June to Sept. 2004, three species of bacteria have been isolated from this wastewater： Enterobacter agglomerans, E. gergoviae, and E. sakazakii. The results revealed a high variation in the ability of these bacteria for lead biosorption, the bacteria E. agglomerans （ES） was the most efficient compared to the other bacterial species. A laboratory plant with continuous flow system was designed for lead ions removal from standards aqueous solutions, as the cells were immobilized using： white sand, charcoal, agar and calcium alginate. However, the cells immobilized to calcium alginate were the most efficient in removal of lead ions （98%）. Present study also determined the optimal conditions for the biosorptJon of lead ions which were temperature 40℃ and pH 4 with one hour contiguity between the immobilized bacteria and solution. Different washing solutions were used fo~： recovering the lead ions that have been biosorbed on the bacterial walls, 0.1 m EDTA was the most efficient. Preferential biosorption by E. agglomerans （E5） to copper and cadmium was determined, result showed that the order of this preferential capability was： Cu 〉 Pb 〉 Cd. No significant differences were found in the biosorption of lead ions by alive and dead E. agglomerans （E5）. The designed lab plant containing bacterial cells binding on calcium alginate was able to uptake all lead ions from all samples of industrial wastewater of batteries factory.

关键词： Enterobacter immobilization lead bioremoval

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Institutional Review Board Compliance with National Regulatory Body: A Successful Experience from Saudi Arabia

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Open Journal of Preventive medicine 2022年第5期12卷 96-110页

作者： Amel A. Sulaiman Abdullah m. al-Saigul Ahmed A. al meman Omar Abdulaziz al Yahia Saleh A. al Gabbany El-Gamri El-Rady fahad al Bejaidi Khaled N. alKhitan Family medicine Academy Qassim Health Cluster Buraydah Saudi Arabia Department of Clinical Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Qassim University Buraydah Saudi Arabia Department of Public Health Qassim Ministry of Health Buraydah Saudi Arabia Department of Neuro-medicine King Fahad Specialist Hospital Buraydah Saudi Arabia College of Public Health and Informatics Qassim University Buraydah Saudi Arabia Department of Planning and Research Qassim Health Directorate Buraydah Saudi Arabia

Background: The Institutional Review Board (IRB) or Research Ethics Committees (RECs) is established to review the research proposals and ensure that participants’ ethical standards, scientific merit, and human rights are protected. Purpose: The authors report the experience of the REC at Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia over 10 years period. methods: all proposals submitted to Qassim REC during the period 2008-2017 were studied using a 30 items data collection form based on The National Committee of Bioethics Regulations. Data extracted included;principal investigator characteristics, numbers of proposals reviewed, applications completeness, approval decision status, reported ethical issues, classification of the ethical review, and committee review duration. The structure, workload, and review process of Qassim REC were addressed redundant. Results: During 10 years, Qassim Research Ethics Committee (QREC) witnessed a progressive increase in the number of submitted proposals, from 9 to 149 proposals. Out of 508 submitted applications, 439 (86.4%) proposals were eligible for ethical review. Of these, 50 (11.4%) proposals were incomplete due to nonresponse of the principal investigators to the QREC comments. The final decision was made for 389 (88.6%) completed proposals. The approval rate was 85.4%, while the rejection rate was only 1.1%. The median time taken for ethical review was 13 days. Proposals that underwent full board review had a long review duration (median: 19 days) in comparison to the expedited review (median: 10 days). Incomplete Committee requirements, unclear research methodology, or possible ethical violation opportunities were the main reasons for delayed decisions. Conclusion: The workload of the Qassim ethics committee is high and growing progressively. However, the process indicators as per National Bioethics Committee rules were satisfactory. Rejection of proposals was rare as most of the reviewed proposals were descriptive studies with infrequent

关键词： Research Ethics Committee Institutional Review Board Informed Consent Ethical Approval Qassim Saudi Arabia

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The Cost Functional and Its Gradient in Optimal Boundary Control Problem for Parabolic Systems

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Open Journal of Optimization 2017年第1期6卷 26-37页

作者： mohamed A. El-Sayed moustafa m. Salama m. H. Farag fahad B. al-Thobaiti CS Department College of Computers and IT Taif University Taif KSA Department of mathematics Faculty of Science Fayoum University Fayoum Egypt mathematics Department Faculty of Science Taif University Taif KSA

The problems of optimal control (OCPs) related to PDEs are a very active area of research. These problems deal with the processes of mechanical engineering, heat aeronautics, physics, hydro and gas dynamics, the physics of plasma and other real life problems. In this paper, we deal with a class of the constrained OCP for parabolic systems. It is converted to new unconstrained OCP by adding a penalty function to the cost functional. The existence solution of the considering system of parabolic optimal control problem (POCP) is introduced. In this way, the uniqueness theorem for the solving POCP is introduced. Therefore, a theorem for the sufficient differentiability conditions has been proved.

关键词： Constrained Optimal Control Problems Necessary Optimality Conditions Parabolic System Adjoint Problem Exterior Penalty Function method Existence and Uniqueness Theorems

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Sulfonic acid-functionalized core-shell Fe_(3)O_(4)@carbon microspheres as magnetically recyclable solid acid catalysts

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第6期32卷 2079-2085页

作者： Chenyi Yuan Xiqing Wang Xuanyu Yang Abdulaziz Aalghamdi fahad Aalharthi Xiaowei Cheng Yonghui Deng Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersShanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China State Key Lab of Transducer Technology Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityPO Box 2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

Green and recyclable solid acid catalysts are in urgent demand as a substitute for conventional liquid mineral *** this work,a series of novel sulfonic acid-functionalized core-shell Fe_(3)O_(4)@carbon microspheres(Fe_(3)O_(4)@C-SO_(3)H)have been designed and synthesized as an efficient and recyclable heterogeneous acid *** the synthesis,core-shell Fe_(3)O_(4)@RF(resorcinol-formaldehyde)microspheres with tunable shell thickness were achieved by interfacial polymerization on magnetic Fe_(3)O_(4)*** high-temperature carbonization,the microspheres were eventually treated by surface sulfonation,re sulting in Fe_(3)O_(4)@C-x-SO_(3)H(x stands for carbonization temperature)microspheres with abundant surface SO_(3)H *** obtained microspheres possess uniform core-shell structure,partially-graphitized carbon skeletons,superparamagnetic property,high magnetization saturation value of 10.6 emu/g,and rich SO_(3)H *** surface acid amounts can be adju sted in the range of 0.59-1.04 mmol/g via sulfonation treatment of carbon shells with different graphitization *** magnetic Fe_(3)O_(4)@C-x-SO_(3)H microspheres were utilized as a solid acid catalyst for the acetalization reaction between benzaldehyde and ethylene glycol,demonstrating high selectivity(97%)to benzaldehyde ethylene glycol *** importantly,by applying an external magnetic field,the catalysts can be easily separated from the heterogeneous reaction solutions,which later show well preserved catalytic activity even after 9 cycles,revealing good recyclability and high stability.

关键词： Core-shell Fe_(3)O_(4)@carbon Interfacial polymerization magnetic microspheres Recyclability Solid acid catalyst Sulfonic acid-functionalization

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Spatial distribution and source identification of heavy metal pollution in roadside surface soil:a study of Dhaka Aricha highway,Bangladesh

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Ecological Processes 2016年第1期5卷 16-31页

作者： fahad Ahmed A.N.m.Fakhruddin m.D.Toufick Imam Nasima Khan Tanzir Ahmed Khan md.mahfuzur Rahman Abu Tareq mohammad Abdullah Department of Environmental Sciences Jahangirnagar UniversitySavarDhaka 1342Bangladesh Institute of Food Science&Technology(IFST) Bangladesh Council of Scientific&Industrial Research(BCSIR)DhakaBangladesh

Introduction:In this study,metal pollution and their sources in surface soils were evaluated by pollution indices and multivariate statistical techniques in association with a geographical information system(GIS).methods:Surface soil samples were collected in dry season from different locations of Dhaka Aricha highway and analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence(EDXRF).Results:Thirteen different metals were found in the tested *** indices are determined by enrichment factor in an order of Zr>Sn>P>mn>Zn>Rb>Fe>Ba>Sr>Ti>K>Ca>*** resulting geoaccumulation index(Igeo)value shows the following order:Sn>Zr>P>mn>Zn>Rb>Fe>Ba>Ti>Sr>K>Ca>*** factors(CFs)of the metals range from 1.422 to 3.979(Fe);0.213 to 1.089(al);0.489 to 3.484(Ca);1.496 to 2.372(K);1.287 to 3.870(Ti);2.200 to 14.588(mn);5.938 to 56.750(Zr);0.980 to 3.500(Sr);2.321 to 4.857(Rb);2.737 to 6.526(Zn);16.667 to 27.333(Sn);3.157 to 16.286(P);and 0.741 to 3.328(Ba).Pollution load index calculated from the CFs indicates that soils are strongly contaminated by Zr and *** component analysis(PCA)of parameters exhibits three major components.R-mode cluster analysis reveals three distinct groups in both site and metal basis clustering that shows a similar pattern with the ***:These results might be helpful for future monitoring of further increase of heavy metal concentrations in surface soils along highways.

关键词： Heavy metals Geoaccumulation index(I_(geo)) Contamination factor(CF) Pollution load index(PLI) Principal component analysis(PCA) Dhaka Aricha highway

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Towards Understanding the Origins of Quantum Indeterminism and Non-Local Quantum Jumps

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Journal of Applied mathematics and Physics 2018年第12期6卷 2468-2474页

作者： m. Sadiq fahad m. alharbi Department of Physics University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia Department of mathematics University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia

By Invoking symmetry principle, we present a self-consistent interpretation of the existing quantum theory which explains why our world is fundamentally indeterministic and that why non-local quantum jumps occur. Symmetry principle dictates that the concept of probability is more fundamental than the notion of the wave function in that the former can be derived directly from symmetries rather than have to be assumed as an additional axiom. It is argued that the notion of quantum probability and that of the wavefunction are intimately connected.

关键词： Bohr-Einstein Debate Copenhagen Interpretation Indeterminism Leibniz-Clarke Dialogue Quantum Probability Space and Time

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An Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization for ITC2021 Sports Timetabling

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 1995-2014页

作者： mutasem K.alsmadi Ghaith m.Jaradat malek alzaqebah Ibrahim A.Lmarashdeh fahad A.alghamdi Rami mustafa A.mohammad Nahier aldhafferi Abdullah alqahtani Department of mIS College of Applied Studies and Community ServiceImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammamSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science and InformaticsAmman Arab UniversityAmmanJordan Department of mathematics College of ScienceImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammamSaudi Arabia Basic and Applied Scientific Research CenterImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammamSaudi Arabia Computer Information Systems Department College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammamSaudi Arabia

Timetabling problem is among the most difficult operational tasks and is an important step in raising industrial productivity,capability,and *** tasks are usually tackled using metaheuristics techniques that provide an intelligent way of suggesting solutions or *** intelligence techniques including Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)have proved to be effective *** recent experiments showed that the PSO algorithm is reliable for timetabling in many applications such as educational and personnel timetabling,machine scheduling,***,having an optimal solution is extremely challenging but having a sub-optimal solution using heuristics or metaheuristics is *** research paper seeks the enhancement of the PSO algorithm for an efficient timetabling *** algorithm aims at generating a feasible timetable within a reasonable *** enhanced version is a hybrid dynamic adaptive PSO algorithm that is tested on a round-robin tournament known as ITC2021 which is dedicated to sports *** competition includes several soft and hard constraints to be satisfied in order to build a feasible or sub-optimal *** consists of three categories of complexities,namely early,test,and middle *** showed that the proposed dynamic adaptive PSO has obtained feasible timetables for almost all of the *** feasibility is measured by minimizing the violation of hard constraints to *** performance of the dynamic adaptive PSO is evaluated by the consumed computational time to produce a solution of feasible timetable,consistency,and *** dynamic adaptive PSO showed a robust and consistent performance in producing a diversity of timetables in a reasonable computational time.

关键词： Sports timetabling particle swarm optimization ITC2021 roundrobin tournament dynamic adaptive

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Effectiveness of Copepod, <i>Acanthocyclops vernalis</i>on Dengue Fever Victor, <i>Aedes aegypti</i>under Laboratory Conditions in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

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Open Journal of Ecology 2015年第7期5卷 299-305页

作者： Ahmed m. alshammari Abdullah S. alshammari Adel A. Abdelmageed Ashraf A. mangoud Naimah A. al Anazi fahad S. al-Zahrani Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Hail Hail Saudi Arabia Plant Protection Research Institute Giza Egypt Health Prevention and management and Environment of Disease Vectors Jeddah Saudi Arabia

A. aegypti, the primary carrier for dengue viruses that cause dengue fever and are widespread over large areas of the tropics and subtropics. The copepod, Acanthocyclops vernalis was collected from a pond located in Hail, a city in northwestern Saudi Arabia. A. aegypti colonies established from Laboratory of Public Health Pests, Jeddah municipality, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. In the laboratory, the predatory capacity of copepod predator A. vernalis tested on first and second instars of Aedes aegypti. A single adult female of A. vernalis was tested against 50 larvae of A. aegypti in case the presence and absence of an alternative food. Several doses of A. vernalis (10, 15, 20 and 25 adults) against 100 larvae of mosquito were tested also in case the presence and absence of an alternative food under laboratory conditions.

关键词： Copepods Acanthocyclops vernalis Dengue Fever Aedes aegypti Biological Control

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Evaluation of the Quality and Safety of Hand Sanitizers marketed in Saudi Arabia

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Health 2022年第5期14卷 523-534页

作者： Ibrahim A. al Othaim Turki F. al-mutari Nasser S. Bakiri Khalid m. Bin Shehail Fouza K. al-Enazi fahad S. aldawsari Anwar S. al Suhaibani Yahya m. alshehri Reference Laboratory for medicine and Cosmetics Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) Riyadh Saudi Arabia National Drug and Cosmetic Control Laboratories Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Background: Hand sanitizers are an important preventive measure to halt the spread of pathogens, which has become a huge demand during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Consequently, their safety and quality are top priorities for regulatory organizations. methods: Saudi Food & Drug Authority laboratories have analyzed numerous samples of hand sanitizers in order to ensure their safety and efficacy. Active ingredients, as well as hazardous impurities, have been checked according to the pharmacopeia. Results: In this study, we report the results of the analysis of 1409 samples, which represent the majority of products available in the Saudi Arabian market. The results showed that 196 samples (13.9%) did not meet international standards. Specifically, out of 196 failed samples, 75, 12, and 4 products contained hazardous substances such as methanol, 1-propanol, and acetaldehyde, respectively. Additionally, some failed samples contained foreign particles, were improperly labeled, or contained an inadequate concentration of alcohol. Conclusion: The substandard hand sanitizers possess a risk to the community, particularly during pandemics, and hence stringent yet dynamic regulations should be implemented.

关键词： Hand Sanitizer COVID-19 US FDA Ethanol methanol

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Efficient hepatoprotective activity of cranberry extract against CCl_4-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar albino rat model: Down-regulation of liver enzymes and strong antioxidant activity

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2017年第11期10卷 1054-1058页

作者： fahad Hussain Arif malik Ujala Ayyaz Hassan Shafique Zohaib Rana Zahid Hussain Institute of molecular Biology and Biotechnology (ImBB) The University of Lahore Department of Biochemistry University of AgricultureFaisalabad Department of Pharmaceutics Faculty of Pharmacy Universiti Teknologi MARA Puncak Alam Campus

ObjectiveTo investigate the hepatoprotective efficacy of cranberry extract (CBE) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic injury using in-vivo animal *** hepatoprotective efficacy of CBE (200 and 400 mg/kg) was investigated against CCl4 (4 mL/kg)-induced hepatotoxicity, elevated liver enzymes [alT (alanine aminotransferase), AST (aspartate aminotransferase), and alkaline phosphatase (alP)], and total protein (TP) contents in the serum. moreover, CBE-aided antioxidant defense against hepatotoxic insult of CCl4 was measured by evaluating a number of anti-oxidative biomarkers including reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (mDA) in the serum by using spectrophotometric *** showed that the exposure of experimental animals to CCl4 did induce significant hepatotoxicity compared to the non-induced (untreated) group. The oral administration of CBE demonstrated a significant dose-dependent alleviation in the liver enzymes (AST, alT, and alP), increased antioxidant defense (GSH, SOD, and CAT), and reduced mDA levels in the serum of treated animals compared to the animals without treatment. The resulting data showed that the administration of CBE decreased the serum levels of alT, AST, and alP compared to the CCl4-induced *** resulting data evidenced that CBE exhibits promising hepatoprotective potential against the chemical induced hepatotoxicity, maintains homeostasis in liver enzymes, and can provide significant antioxidant defense against free radicals-induced oxidative stress.

关键词： Hepatotoxicity Carbon tetrachloride Oxidative stress Liver enzymes Cranberry extract Hepatoprotective

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