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Molecular Detection of Mutations within the Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions in Non Typhoidal Salmonella Isolates from Malaysia

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Health 2017年第4期9卷 640-648页

作者： fadzilah mohd-nor Noor Aini Abu-Bakar norzilawati mohd-Isa Zubaidah A. Wahab Zaini mohd-Zain Microbiology Discipline Faculty of Medicine UniversitiTeknologi MARA Sg. Buloh Campus Jalan Hospital Sg. Buloh Selangor Malaysia Community of Research (CoRE) of Health & Wellbeing UniversitiTeknologi MARA Shah Alam Selangor Malaysia Microbiology Unit Department of Pathology Hospital Sg. Buloh Sg. Buloh Selangor Malaysia

Introduction: The efficacy of chemotherapy in bacteraemia caused by non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) is compromised by antibiotic resistance. Objective: This study was undertaken to describe the mechanism of resistance among clinical NTS isolates. Materials & Methodology: Thirty of NTS were isolated from blood (n = 19), stool (n = 10) and bronchioalveolar lavage (BAL;n = 1) respectively. These isolates were tested for susceptibility testing by disc diffusion method against ampicillin, gentamicin, tetracycline, co-trimoxazole, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone. Epsilometer tests (E-test) for nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin were performed for nalidixic acid resistant isolates by disc diffusion method. DNA sequencing was carried out on six of the nalidixic acid resistant Salmonella Enteritidis isolates to identify mutations within quinolones resistance determining regions (QRDR) of gyrA, gyrB, parC and parE genes. Results: Resistance rates of NTS isolates from blood, stool, and BAL were respectively 37%, 20% and 0% for ampicillin, 79%, 40% and 0% for tetracycline, 32%, 40% and 0% for co-trimoxazole, 37%, 10% and 100% for nalidixic acid. Eight isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid and had exhibited reduced susceptibility towards ciprofloxacin by E-test. Mutation within QRDR was detected in gyrA gene (n = 6;Asp 47 → His [3], Asp 51 → Asn [1], Asp 73 → Gly [1], and Gly 48 → Asp [1]) and double mutation was detected in parE gene (n = 3;Gly 48 → Asp [3], Glu 82 → Ser [3]). Out of six isolates, three isolates were found to have both gyrA and parE gene mutations. Conclusions: There was no mutation observed in gyrB and parC gene. Mutation in gyrA gene was sufficient to induce decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. Variation in amino acid sequences are novel, while detection of other gene mutation was uncommon.

关键词： Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Quinolones Resistance-Determining Regions Ciprofloxacin

Identification of thermal front dynamics in the northern Malacca Strait using ROMS 3D-model

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第1期42卷 41-57页

作者： Ku nor Afiza Asnida Ku MANSOR Nur Hidayah ROSELI Poh Heng KOK Fariz Syafiq Mohamad ALI mohd Fadzil mohd AKHIR Institute of Oceanography and Environment Universiti Malaysia TerengganuKuala Nerus 21030Malaysia Faculty of Science and Marine Environment Universiti Malaysia TerengganuKuala Nerus 21030Malaysia

The thermal front in the oceanic system is believed to have a significant effect on biological *** an era of climate change,changes in heat regulation between the atmosphere and oceanic interior can alter the characteristics of this important *** the simulation results of the 3D Regional Ocean Modelling System(ROMS),we identified the location of thermal fronts and determined their dynamic variability in the area between the southern Andaman Sea and northern Malacca *** Single Image Edge Detection(SIED)algorithm was used to detect the thermal front from model-derived *** show that a thermal front occurred every year from 2002 to 2012 with the temperature gradient at the location of the front was 0.3°C/*** to the years affected by El Ni?o and negative Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD),the normal years(e.g.,May 2003)show the presence of the thermal front at every selected depth(10,25,50,and 75 m),whereas El Ni?o and negative IOD during 2010 show the presence of the thermal front only at depth of 75 m due to greater warming,leading to the thermocline deepening and enhanced *** May 2003,the thermal front was separated by cooler SST in the southern Andaman Sea and warmer SST in the northern Malacca *** higher SST in the northern Malacca Strait was believed due to the besieged Malacca Strait,which trapped the heat and make it difficult to release while higher chlorophyll a in Malacca Strait is due to the freshwater conduit from nearby rivers(Klang,Langat,Perak,and Selangor).Furthermore,compared to the southern Andaman Sea,the chlorophyll a in the northern Malacca Strait is easier to reach the surface area due to the shallower thermocline,which allows nutrients in the area to reach the surface faster.

关键词： regional ocean modelling system thermal front Andaman Sea Malacca Strait single image edge detection algorithm

Redefining biofuels:Investigating oil palm biomass as a promising cellulose feedstock for nitrocellulose-based propellant production

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第7期37卷 111-132页

作者： Khoirul Solehah binti Abdul Rahim Alinda binti Samsuri Siti Hasnawati binti Jamal Siti Aminah binti mohd nor Siti nor Ain binti Rusly Hafizah binti Ariff Nur Shazwani binti Abdul Latif Centre for Tropicalization(CENTROP) Defence Research InstituteUniversiti Pertahanan Nasional MalaysiaKem Sungai Besi57000 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Chemistry and Biology Centre for Defence Foundation StudiesUniversiti Pertahanan Nasional MalaysiaKem Sungai Besi57000 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

This review paper explores the potential of oil palm biomass as a valuable cellulose source for the production of nitrocellulose-based propellants,contributing to the green revolution and sustainable energy *** highlights the availability of the corresponding biomass in Malaysia and in line with global studies,the chemical compositions,as well as a brief description of current technologies for converting biomass of oil palm into value added products specifically *** to achieve maximum utilization of biomass from oil palm industry for cellulose production and prospective source for nitrocellulose-based propellant are also *** methodology section outlines the pretreatment of lignocellulosic fibres,cellulose extraction,and nitrocellulose production ***,the review underscores the prospective of palm oil biomass as a sustainable cellulose source for propellant manufacturing,while acknowledging the need for further research and advancements in the field.

关键词： Biopolymer Cellulose nitrate Energetic materials Green technology Palm oil

Evolution of the“ancient Kedah”:A study on urban forms at Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex(SBAC),Bujang Valley,Kedah,Malaysia

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第1期13卷 127-143页

作者： mohd Hasfarisham Abd Halim Naizatul Akma mohd Mokhtar nor Khairunnisa Talib Shyeh Sahibul Karamah Masnan Ahmad Fadly Jusoh Mokhtar Saidin Kedah Malaysia Universiti Utara Malaysia KedahMalaysia Universiti Sains Malaysia PenangMalaysia

Archaeological research at the Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex(SBAC),which has been carried out until 2023,aims to complete the chronological data and urbanization process of the ancient *** study will especially prove that the ongoing urbanization process is aimed at developing the iron smelting industry and trade in ancient Kedah,especially in *** is because archaeological research at SBAC has proven that with the existence of the ancient Kedah iron smelting workshop at SBAC,river jetties,port management,rituals,and Buddhist monuments began to be erected,all of which can be determined by chronometric *** results of the chronometric dating have proven that the ancient Kedah Kingdom existed since the 6th century BC and was oriented towards the trade of iron resources,which allowed the use of the area to grow *** process of urbanization and land use clearly conforms to Lynch’s principle,which emphasizes the principles of 1)paths,2)edges,3)districts,4)nodes,and 5)landmarks in the development process of land use and urbanization in the complex.

关键词： Chronometric dating Urbanization Land use Monument Iron smelting site

Effects of dietary astaxanthin enrichment on enhancing the colour and growth of red tilapia,Oreochromis sp.

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第1期9卷 52-56页

作者： Zuharlida Tuan Harith Suniza mohd Sukri nor Fatin Syuhada Remlee Fatin Nursabriena mohd Sabir Nik Nur Azwanida Zakaria Faculty of Agro Based Industry Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Jeli CampusJeliKelantan17600Malaysia

The aim of this research was to examine the effects of dietary inclusion of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis in commercial fish feed on the colour and growth of red tilapia,Oreochromis sp..A 6-week feeding trial was conducted at concentration of astaxanthin at 0%(T1),4%(T2),8%(T3)and 12%(T4)in feed formulation to examine the growth performance,colour pigmentation on skin,texture analysis and carotenoid *** showed an increment of certain growth parameter in fish fed with astaxanthin enriched *** in weight gain(WG),protein efficiency ratio(PER)was obtained in fish fed with astaxanthin enriched compared with *** treatments with astaxanthin-enriched provided higher redness(a*)to skin than negative control that directly influence the colour of the *** can be concluded that inclusion of astaxanthin from green algae into commercial fish feed can be used as an alternative natural carotenoid source in Oreochromis *** to ensure good pigmentation,hence improving the skin colour for more appealing and subsequently increase the market value of the fish.

关键词： Oreochromis sp. Astaxanthin Haematococcus pluvialis

基于旅游生态足迹模型的山地型景区绿色发展状态评估（英文）

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2024年第5期 1324-1334页

作者：刘忠秀 nor Kalsum mohd ISA 苏丹依德里斯教育大学人文科学学院地理与环境系临沂大学土木工程与建筑学院

本研究采用旅游生态足迹模型，对山地风景区的绿色发展状况进行细致评估，其整体目标在于全面分析旅游活动对生态环境所带来的影响。评估过程包括对生态足迹、生态承载力以及生态盈余的计算和分析。在文峰山风景区的个案研究中，研究结... 详细信息

本研究采用旅游生态足迹模型，对山地风景区的绿色发展状况进行细致评估，其整体目标在于全面分析旅游活动对生态环境所带来的影响。评估过程包括对生态足迹、生态承载力以及生态盈余的计算和分析。在文峰山风景区的个案研究中，研究结果显示，当前文峰山风景区旅游业发展阶段呈现出显著的生态盈余状态。生态足迹的盈余意味着旅游活动对文峰山风景区生态环境的影响并未超过其可持续承载能力。这说明尽管旅游活动蓬勃发展，但文峰山风景区的生态环境仍然得到有效保护和维护。生态盈余的存在标志着旅游业发展与当地生态系统保护之间的平衡，这对于该地区的可持续发展至关重要。此外，本研究对旅游生态足迹组成部分进行深入分析，提供关于各种旅游相关活动（如住宿、交通、餐饮、观光和购物等）所带来的生态足迹的详细细分。这些细致的分析为了解不同旅游相关因素所带来的生态动态提供深入分析。对文峰山风景区绿色发展状况的精细评估具有重要意义，决策者可以从中获得旅游促进和环境保护之间微妙平衡的见解。所发现的生态盈余表明目前的做法符合可持续发展目标，并为类似地区提供了一个典范。然而，本研究也凸显运用旅游生态足迹模型进行计算的关键局限性，详细的结果揭示模型适用性、数据收集以及计算方法等方面存在的挑战，强调有必要对旅游生态足迹模型进行进一步完善和验证。认识到这些限制对于改进模型并确保其在不同地理环境中的稳健应用至关重要。本研究提供对山地型风景区，尤其是文峰山风景区的绿色发展状况的深入理解。研究结果为决策者和研究人员提供丰富的参考资料，提供有关旅游相关生态影响特定方面的见解。未来的研究可以在完善评估指标和改进数据收集以及分析方法方面继续努力，以提高绿色发展评估的准确性和可靠性。

关键词：绿色发展旅游生态足迹文峰山风景区

Short Communication: Enhancing the Drying Process of Microbial-Based Products with a Dehumidifier

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第6期14卷 333-339页

作者： nor Hidayah Bohari Elya Masya mohd Fishal Ili Bazilah Abd Razak Muhammad Ashraf Arif mohd Nasir Cik mohd Rizuan Zainal Abidin Crop Protection and Biosolutions Department FGV R&D Sdn Bhd Bandar Enstek Malaysia

The development of microbial-based products requires certain criteria for them to be successfully commercialized. The product must meet the following desirable criteria: effectiveness, contamination free, stability, cost-effectiveness, and a prolonged shelf life. Controlling the drying process is crucial for ensuring the stability and durability of the product. The traditional approach, which involved mechanical and natural drying, led to decreased productivity and quality. The objective of this research endeavour was to achieve a dry process enhancement while preserving the microbial quality of Trichoderma asperellum (M103). The temperature and relative humidity during the drying period were monitored under two conditions: with and without a dehumidifier. The results demonstrate that the dehumidifier increases drying period efficiency by up to 63%.

关键词： Dehumidifier Drying Relative Humidity Microbial-Based Product

Peat properties of a tropical forest reserve adjacent to a fire-break canal

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 155-167页

作者： Dayang Nur Sakinah Musa mohd Zahirasri mohd Tohir Xinyan Huang Luqman Chuah Abdullah Mohamad Syazaruddin Md Said Muhammad Firdaus Sulaiman Safety Engineering Interest Group(SEIG) Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia International Tropical Forestry Programme Faculty of Tropical ForestryUniversiti Malaysia SabahSabahMalaysia Department of Land Management Faculty of AgricultureUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSelangorMalaysia Research Centre for Fire Safety Engineering Department of Building Environment and Energy EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongPeople’s Republic of China

Tropical peat comprises decomposed dead plant material and acts like a sponge to absorb water,making it fully ***,drought periods dry it readily and increases its vulnerability to *** fires emit greenhouse gases and particles contributing to haze,and prevention by constructing fire-break canals to reduce fire spread into forest reserves is *** paper aims to determine peat physical and chemical properties near a fire-break canal at different fire frequency *** sampling was conducted at two forest reserves in Malaysia which represent low fire frequency and high fire frequency *** results show that peat properties were not affected by the construction of a fire-break canal,however lignin and cellulose content increased significantly from the distance of the canal in both *** study concluded that fire frequency did not significantly influence peat properties except for *** higher fibre content in the high frequency area did not influence moisture content nor the ability to regain ***,fire frequency might contribute differently to changes in physical and chemical properties,hence management efforts to construct fire-break canals and restoration efforts should protect peatlands from further *** findings will benefit future management and planning for forest reserves.

关键词： Peat fire Peat properties Fire-break canals Forest reserves

Quran memorisation and heart rate variability:How do they correlate?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第29期12卷 6275-6284页

作者： Ahmad Rohi Ghazali nor Malia Abd Warif Noor Anisah A Yazit norsham Juliana Ismarulyusda Ishak Farah Wahida Ibrahim Arimi Fitri Mat Ludin Dzalani Harun Santibuana Abd Rahman Wan nor Atikah Che Wan mohd Rozali Biomedical Science Programme Faculty of Health SciencesUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 50300Malaysia Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies Faculty of Health SciencesUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 50300Malaysia Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Sains Islam MalaysiaNilai 71800Malaysia Center for Healthy Ageing and Wellness Faculty of Health SciencesUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 50300Malaysia Center for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies Faculty of Health SciencesUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 50300Malaysia Occupational Therapy Programme Faculty of Health SciencesUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala Lumpur 50300Malaysia Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine PerakIpoh Perak 30450Malaysia

BACKGROUND Heart rate variability(HRV)was shown to be affected by performing religious *** To examine the relationship between the level of Quran(the holy book of Muslims)memorisation and HRV among *** This experimental study included 16 Tahfiz students and 16 non-Tahfiz students(n=32).The HRV was measured in three tasks:Recalling familiar verses,memorising new verses,and recalling the newly memorised verses of the *** analysis was done using these parameters:Standard deviation of N-N(heartbeat peak)interval;low frequency(LF);high frequency(HF)and LF/HF *** There were significant differences between tasks for all parameters(P<0.05).However,between the groups,only the LF/HF ratio had significant differences,with F=5.04,P<*** correlation showed a moderate positive correlation between the number of pages memorised and the LF/HF ratio(r=0.61,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Quran memorisation increased the HRV and our results suggested that this activity could be developed as an effective sympathovagal modulation training activity.

关键词： Heart rate variability Autonomic nervous system Quran memorisation Tahfiz student Heartbeat