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microbiological parameters and maturity degree during composting of Posidonia oceanica residues mixed with vegetable wastes in semi-arid pedo-climatic condition

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第10期21卷 1452-1458页

作者： SAIDI Neyla KOUKI Soulwene m.hiri fadhel JEDIDI Naceur mAHROUK meriam HASSEN Abdennaceur OUZARI Hadda Centre of Research and Technology and of Water (CRTW) Treatment and Recycling Laboratory (Pilote plant of El menzah 1) 95-2050 Hammam Lif Tunisia International center of Technology of the Environment Boulevard of the leader Yasser Arafet Tunis 1080 Tunisia

The aim of this study was to characterize the biological stability and maturity degree of compost during a controlled pile-composting trial of mixed vegetable residues （VR） collected from markets of Tunis City with residues of Posidonia oceanica （PoR）, collected from Tunis beaches. The accumulation in beaches （as well as their removal） constitutes a serious environmental problem in all mediterranean countries particularly in Tunisia. Aerobic-thermophilic composting is the most reasonable way to profit highly-valuable content of organic matter in these wastes for agricultural purposes. The physical, chemical, and biological parameters were monitored during composting over 150 d. The most appropriate parameters were selected to establish the maturity degree. The main result of this research was the deduction of the following maturity criterion：（a） C/N ratio 〈 15; （b） NH4^＋-N 〈 400 mg/kg; （c） CO2-C 〈 2000 mg CO2-C/kg; （d） dehydrogenase activity 〈 1 mg TPF/g dry matter; （e） germination index （GI）〉 80%. These five parameters, considered jointly are indicative of a high maturity degree and thus of a high-quality organic amendment which employed in a rational way, may improve soil fertility and soil quality. The mature compost was relatively rich in N （13.0 g/kg）, P （4.74 g/kg） and mgO （15.80 g/kg）. Thus composting definitively constitutes the most optimal option to exploit these wastes.

关键词： soil degradation recycling composting organic amendment maturity degree

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Isolation and characterization of facultative mixotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria from constructed wetlands

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第10期23卷 1699-1708页

作者： Soulwène Kouki Neila Saidi fadhel m.hiri Houda Nasr Hanène Cherif Hadda Ouzari Abdennaceur Hassen Laboratory of Treatment and Water Recycling Centre of Research and Water TechnologiesTechnopark of Borj-CedriaBP 2738020SolimanTunisia Unit of Transfer and Innovation Technologies Tunis International Centre for Environmental TechnologiesBoulevard of the Leader Yasser ArafatLa Charguia1080TunisTunisia Laboratory of microbiology and Active Biomolecules Department of BiologyFaculty of Sciences of Tunis2092TunisTunisia

Autotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria （AOB） have been widely studied in constructed wetlands systems, while mixotrophic AOB have been less thoroughly examined. Heterotrophic bacteria were isolated from wastewater and rhizospheres of macrophytes of constructed wetlands, and then cultivated in a mixotrophic medium containing ammonium and acetic acid. A molecular characterization was accomplished using ITS-PCR amplification, and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene Sequences. Results showed the presence of 35 bacteria, among 400 initially heterotrophic isolates, that were able to remove ammonia. These 35 isolates were classified into 10 genetically different groups based on ITS pattern. Then, a collection of 10 isolates were selected because of their relatively high ammonia removal efficiencies （ARE≥ 80%） and their phylogenetic diversity. In conditions of mixotrophy, these strains were shown to be able to grow （increase of optical density OD660 during incubation with assimilation of nitrogen into cellular biomass） and to oxidize ammonia （important ammonia oxidation efficiencies, AOE between 79% and 87%）. Among these facultative mixotrophic AOB, four isolates were genetically related to Firmicutes （Bacillus and Exiguobacterium）, three isolates were affiliated to Actinobacteria （Arthrobacter） and three other isolates were associated with Proteobacteria （Pseudomonas, Ochrobactrum and Bordetella）.

关键词： ammonia-oxidizing bacteria mixotroph constructed wetlands ammonia oxidation macrophytes' rhizosphere

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An Approach to Polynomial NARX/NARmAX Systems Identification in a Closed-loop with Variable Structure Control

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2008年第3期5卷 313-318页

作者： O.m.mohamed Vall R.m.hiri Laboratory of Systems Analysis and Control Department of Electrical EngineeringNational School for Engineers of Tunis Research Unit of Electrical machines and Power Systems(RmE) National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology of Tunis

many physical processes have nonlinear behavior which can be well represented by a polynomial NARX or NARmAX model. The identification of such models has been widely explored in literature. The majority of these approaches are for the open-loop identification. However, for reasons such as safety and production restrictions, open-loop identification cannot always be done. In such cases, closed-loop identification is necessary. This paper presents a two-step approach to closed-loop identification of the polynomial NARX/NARmAX systems with variable structure control （VSC）. First, a genetic algorithm （GA） is used to maximize the similarity of VSC signal to white noise by tuning the switching function parameters. Second, the system is simulated again and its parameters are estimated by an algorithm of the least square （LS） family. Finally, simulation examples are given to show the validity of the proposed approach.

关键词： Identification variable structure control (VSC) genetic algorithm (GA) NARX/NARmAX models

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Study of Comparative Saturated Sliding mode Control and LQR Controller

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Journal of mechanics Engineering and Automation 2011年第3期1卷 245-249页

作者： Borhen Torchani Anis Sellami Radhi m.hiri Germain Garcia Unit of Research C3S ESSTT Tunis Tunisia Faculty of Sciences FST Tunis Tunisia LAAS-CNRS University of Toulouse Toulouse France

The saturation problem is the one of the most common handicaps for applying to real applications, especially the actuator saturation. This paper focuses on the robustness of the sliding mode control （SmC） which incorporates a saturation constraint technique compared to classical linear quadratic regulator （LQR） with saturation. In the first step, the authors present a design methodology of SmC of a class of linear saturated systems. The authors present the structure of the saturation, after that the synthesis of the sliding surface is formulate as a problem of root clustering, which leads to the development of a continuous and non-linear control law that ensures the reaching condition of the sliding mode. The second step is devoted to present briefly the LQR controller technique. Finally, to validate results, the authors demonstrate an example of a quarter of vehicle system.

关键词： Variable structure control sliding mode control robustness LQR (linear quadratic regulator) saturation.

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