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Lithosphere types in North china:Evidence from geology and geophysics

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第11期48卷 1809-1827页

作者： QIU Ruizhao1,2, DENG Jinfu3, ZHOU Su3, LI Jinfa4. XIAO Qinghui1,5, WU Zongxu6 & LIU Cui3 1. Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, china 2. Development and Research Center, china Geological Survey, Beijing 100037, china 3. china {4. of geosciences, Beijing 100083, china 4. china {4. of geosciences, wuhan 4.0074. china 5. Information Center of Ministry of Land and resources, Beijing 100812, china 6. Institute of Geology, State Seismological Bureau, Beijing 100029, china 1. Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 100037 Beijing China 2. Development and Research Center China Geological Survey 100037 Beijing China 3. china university of geosciences 100083 Beijing China 4. china university of geosciences 430074 Wuhan China 5. Information Center of Ministry of Land and resources 100812 Beijing China 6. Institute of Geology State Seismological Bureau 100029 Beijing China

On the basis of the characteristics of geology and geophysics in North china, three types of lithosphere, namely, the cratonic, the orogenic and the rift lithospheres can be classified. In terms of petrological method (based on the information from Precambrian rock assemblages, igneous activities, deep-seated enclaves, etc.) and the relationship between seismic velocity and rock compositions, the crust-mantle petrological and chemical structure models can be set up. Researching results indicate that the geology and geophysics of North china platform bears the similar characteristics in comparison with those of the global typical cratons. The Eerduosi(Ordos) block located in the west of the North china Platform is a remnant of cratonic lithosphere after the North china platform had undergone “activation” in Mesozoic and “reconstruction” in Cenozoic times. The continental crust consists mainly of TTG rock assemblage while the subcontinental lithosphere mantle mainly consists of strongly depleted harzburgite. The craton was finally formed in late Archaean and early Proterozoic, and has been kept in stability up to present; its crustal-mantle petrological structures of lithosphere can be set up as a reference for the study of North china craton and even Sino-Korean craton. In the Mesozoic period, the middle and east areas of North china platform were activated in the Yanshanian orogenic process, the continental crust was reformed by material and heat-transfer of convective mantle and the original crustal TTG component was reconstructed to be granitic crust, and the subcontinental lithosphere man- tle was replaced by the Yanshanian harzburgite-lherzolite. The Yanshan-Taihang Mountains were the remnants of orogenic lithosphere after the rifting in eastern North china in Cenozoic. The present thickness of continental crust and lithosphere in the Yanshan-Taihang Mountains is not equal to their thickness during the Yanshanian orogenic movement because they had undergone the

关键词： lithospheric types,evidence of geology and geophysics,crust-mantle petrological structure,deep process

Petrology of Igneous Rocks in Northern Golpayegan,Iran

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Journal of Earth Science 1998年第1期17卷 24-29页

作者： Mohammad Ebrahimi Mohammad Reza HosseinNejad faculty of Earth Sciences, china university of geosciences, {4. 4.0074

A preliminary study on petrological features of igneous rocks was carried out in northern Golpayegan, Iran, in an area of about 60 km 2. According to the limited available data the sequence of the magma activity could be considered as follows: (1) Precambrian (?) granite connected with a continental continental collision event, (2) Precambrian (?) syenite emplaced at a post continental continental collision environment, (3) Cretaceous volcanic rocks generated by a local extensional system at an active continental margin and (4. Cenozoic doleritic veins generated in a post collision event. Geochemical characteristics of the granitic intrusion show that it originated from crust and belongs to S type one. Syenitic body consists of syenitic affinities ranging from alkali syenite to syenodiorite. These rocks were cut by Cenozoic doleritic veins, which consist of dolerite and olivine dolerite. Both syenite and dolerite are thought to originate from upper mantle but their ages are different. Cretaceous volcanic rocks include basalt, andesite, trachyandesite, trachyte and tuff. They are compositionally alkaline and erupted in a shallow graben basin. Their eruption has been in connection with deep seated faults, which brought out the magma from the source.

关键词： S type granite volcanic rocks syenite dolerite Golpayegan Iran.

Depositional Architecture and Evolution of Late Permian Reefs in Ziyun County,Southern Guizhou, china

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Journal of Earth Science 1996年第1期15卷 95-100页

作者： Lu Yongchao Li Sitian Xie Xinong (faculty of Earth resources, china university of {4., wuhan 4.0074. Zhou Yaoqi (Department of Geology, university of Petroleum, Dongying 257062)

The uppermost Permian reef complex in Ziyun County, southern Guizhou occurs as a third-order depositional sequence developed in the platform marginal break zone during the Late Permian transgressive period This paper deals with the evolution of the third-order sequence and depositional arthitecture of the sequence stratigraphic units with the analysis of outcrop sequence stratigraphy and chemostratigraphy. Thirteen parasequences which belong to four system tracts are recognized. According to their genetic facies features,three growth strategies of reef accrete from the systems tracts during sea level changes are distinguished as keep-up reefs, give-up reefs and catch-up reefs. In combination with an absolute water depth analysis by chemostratigraphic method, we establish an entire sea level curve of the third-order sequence and discuss its evolution and depositional response.

关键词： sequence stratigraphy reef growth strategy aggrading reefs sea level curve.

Application of Geographic Information Systems to Analyses and Modeling of Hydrocarbons Anomaly in Yakla,North Tarim Basin,Xinjiang,china

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Journal of Earth Science 1998年第2期17卷 45-51页

作者： Mohammad Reza Hosseinnejad Mohammad Ebrahimi faculty of Earth Sciences, china university of geosciences, {4. 4.0074

Yakla area is a very important and typical region in North Tarim, because it is the region that leads to a breakthrough in North Tarim oil/gas exploring. Therefore, a lot of exploration work has been already carried out in the area aiming at assessing the hydrocarbon anomaly and some techniques for anomaly delineation are being suggested. Yakla covers about 312 km 2 and lies 20 km south to Luntai Kuche road and displays as a long rectangular, with the length of 24.km in ENE and the width of 13 km in WSW. The surface is desert covered with saline akali, sand ribbon and sand dune. Samples collected from Yakla were analyzed for their hydrocarbon mass fractions and the spatial distribution of the concentrations of selected hydrocarbons C 1, C 2, C 3, i C 4. n C 4. i C 5, n C 5 and UF365 were estimated from these data sets. Multivariate statistical techniques including Kriging, moving average, factor analyses, cluster analyses and furrier filtering are used. The statistical techniques, spatial data analysis and transformation capabilities of geographic information systems, combined with geophysical and geological data, helped the authors to identify the hydrocarbon anomaly in Yakla.

关键词： hydrocarbon anomaly geographic information systems (GIS) Yakla Xinjiang.

Late Permian-Middle Triassic Sea Level Changes of Yangtze Platform

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Journal of Earth Science 1996年第1期15卷 101-104页

作者： Yin Hongfu Tong Jinnan (faculty of Earth Sciences, china university of geosciences, {4. 4.0074.

This paper first introduces procedures leading to the establishment of Late Permian-Middle Triassic sea level change curve of Yangtze platform. Bathymetric curves extracted from curve of habitat types are first transformed to sea level curves stage by stage. Comparison between curves of Yangtze and the world reveals that because the Late Permian marine sequences are lacking in most parts of the world, the Late Permian to Griesbachian curve of Yangtze may serve as an important reference for further revision of the world curve. The Early-Middle Triassic short-term changes of Yangtze are briefly concordant with those of Haq's world curve, whereas their long-term changes are discordant. The latter, however, is representative of the East Asian regions affected by the Indosinian orogeny. Basically the third cycles of Yangtze and the world are only pertly concordant, and even in concordant cases their concrete boundaries are not coincident. This indicater that sea level changes are not strictly synchronous over the world. It seems that the 1st and 2nd cycles (supercycles and megacycles) may be world-wide, but not the 3rd cycles.

关键词： Permian Triassic sea level change bathmetric curve Yangtze region.

Simulating　to　Formation　of　Stripes　in　Migmatite　under　Directional　Pressure　Using　Stochastic　Cellular　Automaton

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Journal of Earth Science 1996年第2期15卷 156-160页

作者： Li Caiwei(Institute of Geochemistry, china university of geosciences, wuhan {4.Wu Jinping(Department of APPlied Chemistry, china university of geosciences, wuhan {4.Chen Nengsong(faculty of Earth Sciences, china university of geosciences, wuhan 4.

There are some different opinions on the formation of striped migmatite. Many striped migmatites are distributed around the plutonic rocks in the core of hot dome in nature. This shows that the pressure of intrusive rocks to wall rocks must play an important role in the formation of stripes. This paper, at first, discusses the effects of directional pressure (i. e. compressive stress from intrusive rock to wall rock) on particle migration and crystallization, and the physical mechanism of Ostwald maturation and its adjusting effect in crystalline growth. And then, on the basic principles of physics and chemistry, we lay down the stochastic evolutional rules of the formation of crystal nucleus, diffusion, crystallization and dissolution of leucosome (melt) particles; and,neglecting other restrictive conditions, we build an idealizedly simplified two-dimensional model of stochastic cellular automaton for the recrystallization of metamorphic rock under directional pressure, and realize it by writing a program of Windows on PC. Theoretical analyses and computer simulations show that, at the beginning, the free particles of leucosome are initially even distributed in the system and form many crystal nucleus ; then, the anisotropies of diffusion, crystallization and dissolution caused by the directional pressure together with the mechanisms of Ostwald maturation can make the nucleus successively grow to form lenses, unevenly disconnected stripes, and layer-stripe structure, which correspond to low, medium and high grades of metamorphism and migmatization, respectively; that is, the effect of the pressure of intrusive rock to wall rock alone can form streaked structure in migmatite. Moreover, cellular automaton, adopted in this paper, is a kind of discrete and local grid dynamic model, and is extremely suitable for simulating the evolution of spatiotemporal structure of real systems and analyzing micro-mechanism creating complex macro-phenomenon. We believe that cellular a

关键词： cellular automaton striped migmatite directional pressure anisotropy crystallization Ostwald maturation computer simulation

Silurian Seismites in Hanxia,Yumen,North Qilian Mountains,and Their Tectonic Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2001年第4期75卷 385-390页

作者： DU Yuansheng, GONG Shuyun, HAN Xin, WANG Jiasheng, GU Songzhuand LIN Wenjiao faculty of Earth Sciences, china university of geosciences, {4. 4.0074. Hubei faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 Hubei [?]2Du Yuansheng Male born in 1958 graduated from wuhan College of Geology and obtained his Master's degree in 1989 and Ph. D degree in 1994. He is now a professor of china university of geosciences and engaged in sedimentology stratigraphy and geology of orogenic belts. Tel: (027) 87436249 Fax: (027) 874.624. E-mail: dxyyz@***

The Caledonian orogenic belt of the North Qilian Mountains is an intensely active structure belt. In the process of the Late Caledonian syn-orogeny, the North Qilian-Hexi Corridor area was situated on the tectonic background of a syn-orogenic basin. In response to the orogenic process of the North Qilian Mountains, typical earthquake event deposits—seismites of the Silurian were widely distributed around Hanxia of Yumen City, the Liyuan River of Sunan County and Biandukou of Minle County. In the Hanxia area, where seismites are typically developed, clastic deposits of tidal-flat facies are the background deposits of the Hanxia Formation. The earthquake event deposits are characterized by sandy mudstone veins, synsedimentary microfractures, micro-corrugated laminations and earthquake breccias, which in turn constitute complex seismites, featuring seismic corrugation, shattering and liquefied sandy mudstone veins, auto-clastic breccias and intraclastic parabreccias. The seismites and tidal flat deposits formed typical sequences of earthquake event deposits.

关键词： Gansu Province North Qilian orogenic belt Caledonian Stage Silurian seismites earthquake event deposits

Deformation Control of Deep Excavation Pit and Numerical Simulation with Finite Element Method

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Journal of china university of geosciences 2002年第3期13卷 278-288页

作者： Li Yun’an Engineering faculty, china university of geosciences, {4. 4.0074.School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Shanghai Jiaotong university, Shanghai 200030 Ge Xiurun School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Shanghai Jiaotong university, Shanghai 200030 Tang Huiming Engineering faculty, china university of geosciences, {4. 4.0074 Engineering faculty China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200030 School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200030 Engineering faculty China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074

The authors firstly introduce deformation control of deep excavation pit indetail, and then put forward new conceptions such as: effective coefficient of excavation pit,effective area, ineffective area and critical line, and also put forward the referential criteria ofdeformation control. The System of Optimization Design with Deformation Control of Deep ExcavationPit and Numerical Simulation with Finite Element Method (SDCDEFEM) is also briefly *** influencing deformation of excavation pit are analyzed by the system. The measured andsimulated data of maximum deformations (settlement, displacement and upheaval) and their positionsare analyzed and discussed. The statistic formula estimating maximum deformations and theirpositions was gained, and economical-effective measures of deformation control were brought forward.

关键词： deep excavation pit deformation control finite element effectivecoefficient of excavation pit

Fractal Characteristics of Coal Pores Based on Classic Geometry and Thermodynamics Models

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2011年第5期85卷 1150-1162页

作者： CAI Yidong~1,LIU Dameng~(1,*),YAO Yanbin~1,LI Junqian~1 and LIU Junlai~2 1 School of Energy resources,china university of geosciences,Beijing 100083,china 2 School of Earth Science and resources,china university of geosciences,Beijing 100083,china School of Energy resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China School of Earth Science and resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China *Correspondence: Dameng LIU *Correspondence: Corresponding author. E-mail: dmliu@***

To better understand the characteristics of coal pores and their influence on coal reservoirs, coal pores in eight main coalfields of North china were analyzed by mercury porosimetry and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）.Fractal characteristics of coal pores（size distribution and structure） were researched using two fractal models:classic geometry and *** two models establish the relationship between fractal dimensions and coal pores *** results include:（1） SEM imaging and fractal analysis show that coal reservoirs generally have very high heterogeneity;（2） coal pore structures have fractal characteristics and fractal dimensions characteristic of pore structures are controlled by the composition（e.g.,ash,moisture,volatile component） and pore parameters（e.g.,pore diameter,micro pores content） of coals;（3） the fractal dimensions（D;and D;） of coal pores have good correlations with the heterogeneity of coal pore *** fractal dimensions correlate to higher heterogeneity of pore *** fractal dimensions（D;and D;） have strong negative linear correlations with the sorted coefficient of coals （R;=0.719 and 0.639,respectively） that shows the heterogeneity of coal pores;（4. fractal dimension D;and petrologic permeability of coals have a strong negative exponential correlation（R;=0.82）.However, fractal dimension D;and petrologic permeability of coals have no obvious correlation;and（5） the model of classic geometry is more accurate for fractal characterization of coal pores in coal reservoirs than that of thermodynamics by optimization.

关键词： coal pores mercury porosimetry fractal dimensions thermodynamics model classic geometry model