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Comparative case study of two methods to assess the eruptive potential of selected active regions

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第12期21卷 471-487页

作者： Francesca Zuccarello Ilaria Ermolli Marianna B.Korsós fabrizio giorgi Salvo L.Guglielmino Robertus Erdélyi Paolo Romano Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia"Ettore Majorana" Universitàdi CataniaVia S.Sofia 78195123 CataniaItaly INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania Via S.Sofia 781-95123 CataniaItaly INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma Via Frascati 331-00078 Monte Porzio CatoneItaly Department of Physics Aberystwyth UniversityCeredigionCymruSY233BZUK Department of Astronomy E?tv?s Loránd UniversityPazmany P.setany 1/ABudapestH-l 117Hungary Solar Physics&Space Plasma Research Center(SP2RC) School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of SheffieldHicks BuildingHounsfield RoadS37RHUK Gyula Bay Zoltán Solar Observatory(GSO) Hungarian Solar Physics Foundation(HSPF)etofi ter 3.GyulaH-5700Hungary

Solar eruptive events,like flares and coronal mass ejections,are characterized by the rapid release of energy that can give rise to emission of radiation across the entire electromagnetic spectrum and to an abrupt significant increase in the kinetic energy of *** energetic phenomena can have important effects on the space weather conditions and therefore it is necessary to understand their origin,in particular,what is the eruptive potential of an active region(AR).In these case studies,we compare two distinct methods that were used in previous works to investigate the variations of some characteristic physical parameters during the pre-flare states of flaring *** methods consider:i)the magnetic flux evolution and magnetic helicity accumulation,and ii)the fractal and multi-fractal properties of flux concentrations in *** comparative analysis is based on time series of photospheric data obtained by the Solar Dynamics Observatory between March 2011 and June *** selected two distinct samples of ARs:one is distinguished by the occurrence of more energetic M-and X-class flare events,that may have a rapid effect on not just the near-Earth space,but also on the terrestrial environment;the second is characterized by no-flares or having just a few C-and B-class *** found that the two tested methods complement each other in their ability to assess the eruptive potentials of ARs and could be employed to identify ARs prone to flaring *** on the presented case study,we suggest that using a combination of different methods may aid to identify more reliably the eruptive potentials of ARs and help to better understand the pre-flare states.

关键词： Sun:magnetic fields Sun:photosphere Sun:sunspots Sun:flares Sun:activity

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Projected changes in Köppen-Trewartha climate zones under 1.5-4℃global warming targets over mid-high latitudes of Northern Asia using an ensemble of RegCM4 simulations

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 185-196页

作者： Jie WU Xue-Jie GAO Xian-Bing TANG Filippo giorgi School of Geography and Environmental Engineering Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhou 341000China Climate Change Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste 34100Italy

Mid-high latitude Northern Asia is one of the most vulnerable and sensitive areas to global warming,but relatively less studied *** used an ensemble of a regional climate model(RegCM4)projections to assess future changes in surface air temperature,precipitation and Köppen-Trewartha(K-T)climate types in Northern Asia under the 1.5-4℃global warming ***4 is driven by five CMIP5 global models over an East Asia domain at a grid spacing of 25 *** of the present day(1986-2005)simulations shows that the ensembles of RegCM4(ensR)and driving GCMs(ensG)reproduce the major characters of the observed temperature,precipitation and K-T climate zones reasonably *** and more realistic spatial detail is found in RegCM4 compared to the driving GCMs.A general warming and overall increases in precipitation are projected over the region,with these changes being more pronounced at higher warming *** projected warming by ensR shows different spatial patterns,and is in general lower,compared to ensG in most months of the year,while the percentage increases of precipitation are maximum during the cold *** future changes in K-T climate zones are characterized by a substantial expansion of Dc(temperature oceanic)and retreat of Ec(sub-arctic continental)over the region,reaching∼20%under the 4℃warming *** most notable change in climate types in ensR is found over Japan(∼60%),followed by Southern Siberia,Mongolia,and the Korean Peninsula(∼40%).The largest change in the K-T climate types is found when increasing from 2 to 3℃.The results will help to better assess the impacts of climate change and in implementation of appropriate adaptation measures over the region.

关键词： Mid-high latitudes of Northern Asia Köppen climate zones Global warming targets Regional climate model

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Principles of Technology for Bottling Medicinal Mineral Waters of Sairme Using the Example of Source №3a

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2024年第4期15卷 135-138页

作者： Irina Nikolaishvili giorgi Kvartskava Faculty of Agriculture Sciences and Bio-Systems Engineering Georgian Technical University Tbilisi Georgia

Sairme mineral water, one of the famous mineral waters in Georgia, is renowned for its exceptional healing properties. The distinctiveness and therapeutic benefits of the naturally sourced mineral water, known as “Sairme”, stem from its rich array of microelements, notably including iron and manganese. Since 1948, the bottling of Sairme mineral water has been a prominent activity. Named after the Sairme deposit, this mineral water is packaged in various formats to cater to diverse consumer preferences. The bottling process involves transporting the mineral water from wells to the bottling plant through pipelines. Prior to bottling, the mineral water undergoes meticulous processing stages in adherence to current Georgian and international regulations. This process ensures that the concentration of trace elements in the bottled water is minimized, maintaining its purity and quality. Given the importance of preserving the microelements present in bottled mineral water, our research is dedicated to optimizing the technological process. Our objective is to safeguard the valuable microelements while ensuring the highest standards of quality and safety in the final product.

关键词： Sairme Mineral Water Deposit Oxidation-Reduction Potential Trace Elements Chemical Composition Seasonality

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Neurobiology of Supporting Syntactic Chains of Self-Grooming in Rodents and Its Biochecmical Characteristics

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第4期12卷 330-352页

作者： giorgi Andronikashvili Tea Gurashvili Khatuna Dondoladze Marina Nikolaishvili Malkhaz Makashvili Beritashvili Center for Experimental Biomedicine Laboratory of Neurology Tbilisi Georgia Department of Neuro Physiology Grigor Robakidze University Tbilisi Georgia Department of Physiology Ilia State University Tbilisi Georgia

Grooming is an innate behavior that serves multiple purposes and has a dual nature, reflecting both comfort and stress. Auto-grooming, in particular, is highly sensitive to stressors and can be influenced by natural and synthetic anxiolytics. Researchers believe that rodent grooming can be a valuable tool in translational neurobiological studies, specifically focusing on aberrant grooming, such as the syntactic chain of grooming, which can serve as an experimental model for certain human psycho-nervous disorders.

关键词： Grooming Microstructure Translational Medicine Clinical Medicine Stress

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Use of the RegCM System over East Asia： Review and Perspectives

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Engineering 2017年第5期3卷 766-772页

作者： Xuejie Gao Filippo giorgi Climate Change Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China The Abdus Salam International Center.for Theoretical Physics Trieste 34151 Italy

The Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics （ICTP） RegCM system is one of the most commonly used regional climate models （RCMs） over the East Asia region, In this paper, we present a brief review of the RegCM system and its applications to the East Asia region. The model history and plans for future development are described, Previous and ongoing applications, as well as the advantages and biases found in the model system over the East Asia region, are summarized, The model biases that exist are mainly found in the cold seasons, and are characterized by a warm bias at high latitudes and underestimation of precipitation in the south. These biases are similar to those of most global climate models （GCMs）, Finally, future plans on the application and development of the model, and specifically on those within the context of the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment （CORDEX）, are introduced. This paper is intended to serve as a reference for future users of the RegCM system within the East Asia region.

关键词： Regional climate model China Climate change Community land model

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U–Pb LA-ICP-MS geochronology of polygenetic zircons from Beshta and Kamenistaya intrusions(the Greater Caucasus)

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Acta Geochimica 2022年第6期41卷 1019-1029页

作者： David Shengelia Leonid Shumlyanskyy giorgi Chichinadze Tamara Tsutsunava giorgi Beridze Irakli Javakhishvili Al.Janelidze Institute of Geology of Iv.Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University TbilisiGeorgia School of Earth and Planetary Sciences Curtin UniversityPerthAustralia M.P.Semenenko Institute of Geochemistry Mineralogy and Ore FormationKyivUkraine

The Beshta-Kamenistaya intrusions are located in the Main Range structural zone of the Greater *** are composed of tonalitic gneisses that genetically resemble granites of the tholeiitic series of the ophiolitic *** Beshta-Kamenistaya orthogneisses and associated rocks of the nappes differ markedly from those of the Main Range *** of them were overthrust to the Main Range zone during the Bretonian *** age of their protolith and the metamorphism are still not *** the zircon U-Pb LA-ICP-MS dating two age populations of zircons have been distinguished in the rocks of the Beshta-Kamenistaya *** age of the main population of zircons from orthogneisses is 426-300 *** age groups can be distinguished in this *** main group yielded a Concordia age of386.9±1.4 *** are also smaller peaks at 409-405,375-373,and 351 *** oldest ages(426-395 Ma)were detected in the core parts of the complex *** assume that the crystallization of the parental for orthogneisses rocks(tonalities)took place at 410-395 Ma,whereas the Concordia age of 386.9±1.4 Ma and a peak at 375-373 Ma correspond to the metamorphic *** whole metamorphic cycle,including progressive and regressive stages,occurred between 395 and 370 ***,dated in the Beshta-Kamenistaya intrusion at350 Ma and younger,correspond to the Late Variscan *** dated 3102-2769 Ma represent xenocrysts captured by the melts during their formation from the ancient rocks in the crystalline basement.

关键词： The Greater Caucasus Magmatism Metamorphism Orthogneisses U–Pb zircon dating

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Changes of Extreme Events in Regional Climate Simulations over East Asia

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2002年第5期19卷 927-942页

作者：高学杰赵宗慈 Filippo giorgi National Climate Cen ter Beijing 100081 Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste Italy

Changes of extreme events due to greenhouse effects (2 × CO2) over East Asia, with a focus on the China region as simulated by a regional climate model (RegCM2), are investigated. The model is nested to a global coupled ocean-atmosphere model (CSIRO R21L9 AOGCM). Analysis of the control run of the regional model indicates that it can reproduce well the extreme events in China. Statistically significant changes of the events are analyzed. Results show that both daily maximum and daily minimum temperature increase in 2 × CO2 conditions, while the diurnal temperature range decreases. The number of hot spell days increases while the number of cold spell days decreases. The number of rainy days and heavy rain days increases over some sub-regions of China. The 2 × CO2 conditions also cause some changes in the tropical storms affecting China.

关键词： regional climate model greenhouse effect extreme events

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A high resolution simulation of climate change over China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第3期54卷 462-472页

作者： GAO XueJie SHI Ying Filippo giorgi The Laboratory of Climate Study National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste Italy

Multi-decadal high resolution climate change simulations over East Asia were performed by using The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) Regional Climate Model (RegCM3), nested within the NASA/NCAR global model FvGCM/CCM3. Two sets of simulations were conducted at 20-km grid spacings, one for present day (1961-1990) and one for the future climate (2071-2100, IPCC A2 scenario). Simulations of present climate conditions over China by RegCM3 and FvGCM were compared against observations to assess the model performance. Results showed that both models repro- duced the observed spatial structure of 500 hPa height, surface air temperature and precipitation. Compared with FvGCM, RegCM3 provided increasing spatial detail of surface variables. Furthermore, RegCM3 improved the simulation of monsoon precipitation over the region. Changes in the mean temperature and precipitation were analyzed and compared between the two models. Significant warming in the end of the 21st century was simulated by both models in December-January-February (DJF), June-July-August (JJA), and the annual mean. In DJF, greater warming was simulated by FvGCM over Northeast and Northwest China, as well as the Tibetan Plateau, compared with RegCM. In JJA, RegCM3 simulated greater warming over northern China, Inner Mongolia, Northwest China, and the Tibetan Plateau. Simulated changes in DJF precipitation showed similar spatial patterns between the two models. In JJA, while FvGCM projected a prevailing increase of monsoon precipitation over China, which is in agreement with other global models, RegCM3 projected extended areas of decreased precipitation. Changes in the variability for annual mean temperature and precipitation also are presented.

关键词： climate change regional climate model China

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Projected changes in climate extremes over China in the 21st century from a high resolution regional climate model (RegCM3)

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第8期58卷 1443-1452页

作者： XU JiYun SHI Ying GAO XueJie giorgi Filippo Zhejiang Climate Center National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics

Based on a consecutive simulation of the 21st century conducted by RegCM3, changes in climate extremes over China are investigated, following abasic validation of the model performances in simulating present climate. The model is one-way nested within the global model of CCSR/NIES/FRCGC MIROC3.2_hires. A total of 150-years (1951-2100) transient simulation is carried out at 25 km grid spacing under the IPCC SRES A1B scenario. The indices of the extremesincludes SU (summer days), FD (frost days), GSL (growing season length) for temperature, SDII (simple daily intensity index), R10 (no. of days with precipitation 10 mm/d), and CDD (consecutive dry days) for precipitation. Results show that the model can reproduce both the spatial distribution and the values of the present day annual mean temperature and precipitationwell, and it also shows good performances in simulating the extreme indices. Following the significant warming, the indices of SU and GSL for warm events will increase while the indices of FD for cold events will decrease over China. Heavy precipitation events as measured by SDII and R10 show an general increase over the region, except the decrease ofR10 in the Northeast and central Tibetan Plateau andless change or decrease of it along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Decrease of drynessas measured by CDD over northern part of China while increase of it over the Tibetan Plateau, Sichuan Basin and other places in southern China are simulated by the model. This leads to the less change of the regional mean CDD in the time series in the 21st century unlike the other indices, which show clear trend of change following the time evolution.

关键词：中国南部气候变化区域气候模式高分辨率青藏高原中部年平均温度模型模拟预计

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Climate change in China in the 21st century as simulated by a high resolution regional climate model

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第5期57卷 1188-1195页

作者： GAO XueJie SHI Ying ZHANG DongFeng giorgi Filippo National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China Shanxi Climate Center Taiyuan 030006 China The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste 34100 Italy

Climate change in the 21st century over China is simulated using the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) Regional Climate Model version 3 (RegCM3). The model is one-way nested within the global model CCSR/NIES/FRCGC MIROC3.2_hires (Center for Climate System Research/National Institute for Environmental Studies/Frontier Research Center for Global Change/Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate). A 150-year (1951-2100) transient simulation is conducted at 25 km grid spacing, under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (IPCC SRES) A1B scenario. Simulations of present climate conditions in China by RegCM3 are compared against observations to assess model performance. Results show that RegCM3 reproduces the observed spatial structure of surface air temperature and precipitation well. Changes in mean temperature and precipitation in December-January-February (DJF) and June-July-August (JJA) during the middle and end of the 21st century are analyzed. Significant future warming is simulated by RegCM3. This warming becomes greater with time, and increased warming is simulated at high latitude and high altitude (Tibetan Plateau) areas. In the middle of the 21st century in DJF, a general increase of precipitation is found in most areas, except over the Tibetan Plateau. Precipitation changes in JJA show an increase over northwest China and a decrease over the Tibetan Plateau. There is a mixture of positive and negative changes in eastern China. The change pattern at the end of the century is generally consistent with that in mid century, except in some small areas, and the magnitude of change is usually larger. In addition, the simulation is compared with a previous simulation of the RegCM3 driven by a different global model, to address uncertainties of the projected climate change in China.

关键词：中国西北地区区域气候模式模式模拟气候变化高分辨率气候模型气候变暖青藏高原

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