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Correlation between Intestinal Health and Coccidiosis Prevalence in Broilers during Different Seasons of the Year in Brazil from 2012 to 2018

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 179-198页

作者： fabio Luis Gazoni Gabriela Miotto Galli Marcel Manente Boiago Lenita Moura Stefani Aline Zampar Marco A. Juárez-Estrada Guillermo Tellez-Isaias Aleksandro S. da silva Animal Health and Reproduction Veterinary Medicine Graduate Program Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) Santa Maria Brazil Animal Science Graduate Program Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil Animal Science Graduate Program Santa Catarina State University (UDESC) Chapecó Brazil Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Ciudad Universitaria Ciudad de Mexico Mexico Department of Poultry Science Division of Agriculture University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA

Coccidiosis is a disease caused by intracellular protozoan parasites, specifically belonging to the genus Eimeria. These parasites target the gastrointestinal tract in different types of hosts, causing sores in the intestinal lining. The presence of these lesions reduces the animal’s ability to digest and absorb nutrients, significantly impacting their overall performance. The current study aimed to explore the potential correlation between seasonal variations and the incidence of Eimeria spp-induced lesions in broiler chickens’ gastrointestinal tracts in Brazil from 2012 to 2018. A total of 8,607 broiler chickens, aged 14 to 42 days, were sampled from 103 poultry integrated companies in Brazil to conduct intestinal health examinations. The sampling process involved selecting 3 to 6 chickens from each poultry house for examination. The assessment included various abnormalities such as shedding of intestinal cells and excessive fluid and mucus presence, thickening and tension of the intestines, food movement, roughened mucosal surface resembling a Turkish towel in the small intestine, tissue death, duodenal inflammation, intestinal inflammation, gizzard erosion, presence of worms and bedding material, and ingestion of mealworms. During the seasons, winter exhibited the highest average occurrence of Eimeria maxima microorganisms at 52.83%, with E. acervulina following closely at 26.42% in second place. In spring, E. maxima had an occurrence of 11.31%, while in fall, E. tenella had the lowest occurrence at 6.74%. When analyzing the seasonal occurrence of Eimeria, it was observed that E. maxima micro was more common during winter compared to summer (P = 0.0491). However, no discernible variation was observed in the occurrence of the remaining species across different seasons. Research findings suggest that subclinical coccidiosis is most prevalent during the winter season in Brazil. Likewise, clinical disease caused by E. acervulina is also prevalent during this time. I

关键词： Eimeria Epidemiology Intestinal Pathology Broiler Chickens Brazil

High-throughput phenotyping of two plant-size traits of Eucalyptus species using neural networks

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第2期33卷 591-599页

作者： Marcus Vinicius Vieira Borges Janielle de Oliveira Garcia Tays silva Batista Alexsandra Nogueira Martins silva fabio Henrique Rojo Baio Carlos Antônio da silva Junior Gileno Brito de Azevedo Glauce Taís de Oliveira Sousa Azevedo Larissa Pereira Ribeiro Teodoro Paulo Eduardo Teodoro Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul(UFMS) Chapadão Do SulMato Grosso Do Sul 79560000Brazil Department of Geography State University of Mato Grosso(UNEMAT)SinopMato Grosso 78555000Brazil

In forest modeling to estimate the volume of wood,artificial intelligence has been shown to be quite effi-cient,especially using artificial neural networks(ANNs).Here we tested whether diameter at breast height(DBH)and the total plant height(Ht)of eucalyptus can be pre-dicted at the stand level using spectral bands measured by an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)multispectral sensor and vegetation *** do so,using the data obtained by the UAV as input variables,we tested different configurations(number of hidden layers and number of neurons in each layer)of ANNs for predicting DBH and Ht at stand level for different Eucalyptus *** experimental design was randomized blocks with four replicates,with 20 trees in each experimental *** treatments comprised five Eucalyptus species(***,***,***,***-dis,and ***)and Corymbria *** and Ht for each plot at the stand level were measured seven times in separate overflights by the UAV,so that the multispectral sensor could obtain spectral bands to calculate vegetation indices(VIs).ANNs were then constructed using spectral bands and VIs as input layers,in addition to the categorical variable (species), to predict DBH and Ht at the stand level simultaneously. This report represents one of the first appli-cations of high-throughput phenotyping for plant size traits in Eucalyptus species. In general, ANNs containing three hidden layers gave better statistical performance (higher esti-mated r, lower estimated root mean squared error-RMSE) due to their greater capacity for self-learning. Among these ANNs, the best contained eight neurons in the first layer, seven in the second, and five in the third (8 − 7 − 5). The results reported here reveal the potential of using the gener-ated models to perform accurate forest inventories based on spectral bands and VIs obtained with a UAV multispectral sensor and ANNs, reducing labor and time.

关键词： Computational intelligence Diameter at breast height Forest inventory Remote sensing Vegetation indices

Effect of Acetone Vapor Smoothing Process on Surface Finish and Geometric Accuracy of Fused Deposition Modeling ABS Parts

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2022年第10期10卷 1-9页

作者： Viviane Pestano Mariana Pohlmann fabio Pinto da silva Design and Materials Selection Lab Postgraduate Program in Design Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil

FDM is a widely used additive manufacturing process, however, it has some limitations, such as surface finish, due to the staircase effect caused by the layer-by-layer deposition. Studies have been conducted on surface finish of ABS parts with the use of acetone, but the process parameters and the resulting effects have not been fully investigated in the literature. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acetone vapor smoothing process on surface finish and geometric accuracy of fused deposition modeling ABS parts. Specimens with different geometries were created and printed using two directions in different scales. The parts were exposed to acetone vapor for 20, 30 and 40 minutes. 3D deviation maps, roughness and microscopic analyses were conducted. The staircase effect was reduced at the expense of some geometric deviations, which varied according to the exposure time and part orientation. The smoothing process applied to the flat surfaces proved to be quite effective in reducing roughness by 90%, however, this reduction led to an undesirable rounding of the sharp edges. The results obtained in this study are consistent with those found in the literature and may help improve the quality of the ABS printed parts.

关键词： Additive Manufacturing 3D Printing FDM Staircase Effect Acetone Vapor Polishing

Guarding tomato fruit setting in adverse temperatures through the miRNA166-S/HBt5A regulatory module

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Molecular Plant 2021年第7期14卷 1046-1048页

作者： Eder M.da silva fabio T.S.Nogueira Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura Universidade de Sao Paulo/USPPiracicabaSP 13400-970Brazil Laborat6rio de Genetica Molecular do Desenvolvimento Vegetal Departamento de Ciencias BiologicasESALQ/USPPiracicabaSP 13418-900Brazil

Fruits are defined as mature ovaries originated from a coordinated development between ovules(precursors of seeds)and carpels(precursors of the fruit body).Disconnecting the ovule development from carpel development is a long-desired goal in agriculture to generate seedless fruits easier to ***,pollination and fertilization are required to promote hormone pathways-i.e.,auxin and gibberellin-that are crucial for seed and fruit set(Gillaspy et al.,1993;Raghavan,2003).Even though developing seeds are central for normal fruit development,examples of seedless or parthenocarpic fruits are present in wild and cultivated species(Joldersma and Liu,2017).

关键词： Guard connecting originated

Hormonal modulation of reproduction and fertility signaling in polistine wasps

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Current Zoology 2021年第5期67卷 519-530页

作者： Cintia Akemi OI Rafael Carvalho da silva Ian STEVENS Helena Mendes FERREIRA fabio Santos NASCIMENTO Tom WENSELEERS Laboratory of Socioecology and Social Evolution KU LeuvenLeuven 3000Belgium Faculdade de Filosofia Ciencias e Letras de Ribeirao PretoDepartamento de BiologiaUniversidade de Sao Paulo—USPRibeirao PretoSP 14040-901Brazil

In social insects,it has been suggested that reproduction and the production of particular fertilitylinked cuticular hydrocarbons(CHC)may be under shared juvenile hormone(JH)control,and this could have been key in predisposing such cues to later evolve into full-fledged queen pheromone ***,to date,only few studies have experimentally tested this“hormonal pleiotropy”***,we formally test this hypothesis using data from four species of Polistine wasps,Polistes dominula,Polistes satan,Mischocyttarus metathoracicus,and Mischocyttarus cassununga,and experimental treatments with JH using the JH analogue methoprene and the anti-JH *** line with reproduction being under JH control,our results show that across these four species,precocene significantly decreased ovary development when compared with both the acetone solvent-only control and the methoprene *** with the hormonal pleiotropy hypothesis,these effects on reproduction were further matched by subtle shifts in the CHC profiles,with univariate analyses showing that in *** and *** the abundance of particular linear alkanes and mono-methylated alkanes were affected by ovary development and our hormonal *** results indicate that in primitively eusocial wasps,and particularly in Polistes,reproduction and the production of some CHC cues are under joint JH *** suggest that pleiotropic links between reproduction and the production of such hydrocarbon cues have been key enablers for the origin of true fertility and queen signals in more derived,advanced eusocial insects.

关键词： Polistinae wasps fertility cues queen pheromones cuticular hydrocarbons juvenile hormone

Exploring overweight and obesity beyond body mass index:A body composition analysis in people with and without patellofemoral pain

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第5期12卷 630-638,F0003页

作者： Amanda Schenatto Ferreira Benjamin F Mentiplay Bianca Taborda Marcella Ferraz Pazzinatto fabio Mıcolis de Azevedo danilo De Oliveira silva Department of Physiotherapy School of Science and TechnologySao Paulo State University(UNESP)Presidente Prudente 19060-900Brazil La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre School of Allied HealthHuman Services and SportLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVIC 3086Australia

Background:We compared body mass index(BMI),body fat,and skeletal muscle mass between(1) a mixed-sex nonathletic cohort of people with patellofemoral pain(PFP) and pain-free people,and(2) a nonathletic cohort of people with PFP and pain-free people subgrouped by sex(i.e.,men and women with PFP ***-free men and women).Methods:This cross-sectional study included 114 people with PFP(71 women,43 men) and 54 pain-free controls(32 women,22 men).All participants attended a single testing session to assess body composition measures,which included BMI,percentage of body fat(%BFBioimpedance),and skeletal muscle mass(both assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis),and percentage of body fat(%BFskinfoid)(assessed by skinfold caliper analysis).A one-way univariate analysis of covariance(age and physical activity levels as covariates) was used to compare body composition measures between groups(i.e.,PFP ***-free group;women with PFP ***-free women;men with PFP ***-free men).Results:Women with PFP presented significantly higher BMI,%BFBiompedance,and %BFSkinfold,and lower skeletal muscle mass compared to pain-free women(p≤0.04;effect size:-0.47 to 0.85).Men with PFP and men and women combined had no differences in BMI,%BFBioimpedance,%BFSkinfold,and skeletal muscle mass compared to their respective pain-free groups(p> 0.05).Conclusion:Our findings indicate that BMI and body composition measures should be considered as part of the evaluation and management of people with PFP,especially in women,who have demonstrated higher BMI and body fat and lower skeletal muscle mass compared to pain-free *** studies should not assess body composition measures in a mixed-sex population without distinguishing men participants from women participants.

关键词： Body composition Body mass index Patellofemoral pain syndrome Skinfold thicknessTagedEnd

Microbial enzymatic stoichiometry and the acquisition of C, N,and P in soils under different land-use types in Braziliansemiarid

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Soil Ecology Letters 2023年第3期5卷 101-108页

作者： Erika Valente de Medeiros Érica de Oliveira silva Gustavo Pereira Duda Mario Andrade Lira Junior Uemeson Josédos Santos Claude Hammecker Diogo Paes da Costa fabio Fernando Araujo Arthur Prudêncio de Araujo Pereira Lucas William Mendes Ademir Sergio Ferreira Araujo Laboratory of Microbiology and Enzymology-LEMA Federal University of Agreste PernambucoGaranhuns 55292-270Brazil Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiross/nDois Irmãos52171-900RecifeBrazil Soil-Agrosystem-Hydrosystem Interaction Lab-LISAH Place Pierre Viala234060 MontpellierFrance Universidade do Oeste Paulista Presidente PrudenteSPBrazil Departamento de Ciência Do Solo Universidade Federal Do CearáFortalezaCEBrazil Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture University of Sao PauloPiracicabaSPBrazil Soil Quality Lab Agricultural Science CenterFederal University of PiauíTeresinaPI 60049-550Brazil

This study hypothesized that different land-use affect the microbial enzymatic stoichiometry and C-,N-,and P-acquisition in Brazilian semiarid ***,the enzymesβ-glucosidase(C-acquiring enzyme),urease(N-acquiring enzyme),and acid phosphatase(P-acquiring enzyme)were assessed in soil samples collected at 0−5 and 5−10 cm depth from a tropical dry forest,a protected area with Angico,a protected area with Ipê,scrub area,and an agricultural area with *** values of C-,N-,and P-acquiring enzymes were used to calculate the enzymatic C:N,C:P,and N:P *** values of C:P and N:P ratios were higher at 0−5 cm depth,while no significant variation,between soil depth,was observed for C:N *** values of C-and N-acquiring enzymes were higher at 0−5 cm in tropical dry forest areas and Angico forest,*** all land use types,the values of vectors L and A were higher than 1°and 45°,*** study showed that both land-use and soil depth influence the enzymatic stoichiometry,showing higher values of C-and N-acquiring enzymes in native and protected forests at soil surface.

关键词： C:N:P stoichiometry tropical forests soil depth Luvisols

An Approach to Verify Naturalness Loss and Its Relation with Ecosystems Services in Brazilian Cerrado: Implications to Management

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2022年第2期10卷 55-74页

作者： fabio Leandro da silva Flor Magali Aguiar López Raphael Machado Erica Zanardo Oliveira-Andreoli Ângela Terumi Fushita Marcela Bianchessi da Cunha-Santino Irineu Bianchini Júnior Laboratory of Bioassays and Mathematics Modeling Department of Hydrobiology Universidade Federal de S&#227 o Carlos S&#227 o Carlos Brazil Post-Graduate Program in Ecology and Natural Resources Universidade Federal de S&#227 o Carlos S&#227 o Carlos Brazil Universidade Federal do ABC Alameda da Universidade S&#227 o Bernardo Brazil

Recent evidence suggests that Brazilian Cerrado has been largely converted, mainly due to agribusiness activities and urbanization. Thus, the present work aimed to obtain the diagnosis of a watershed characterized by the expansion of sugar cane fields in the Brazilian Cerrado (Southeastern), employing integrity landscape indicators (Hemeroby, Urbanity Index, Landscape Vulnerability Index, and Water Quality Index) to verify the landscape naturalness, and the consequences of these actions to the ecosystem services provision. Remote sensing data for the years 1998, 2008, and 2018 were employed to verify the land-use changes in the Feijão River watershed (southeastern Brazil), as well as a matrix that considers the land use typologies and their capability to provide ecosystem services. The study area is classified as mixed land use, with the main categories related to agribusiness (sugar cane, pasture, bare soil). The Hemeroby and Urban Index denote naturalness declines over the years, and the observed patterns negatively impact ecosystem service provision. Landscape Vulnerability Index and Water Quality Index demonstrated that remaining vegetation cannot effectively retain pollutants, and severe impairments in the resilience of natural components of key ecosystem service providers (i.e. water and native vegetation) were observed. The results allowed the identification of priority areas for recovery and the maintenance of ecosystem services in agricultural lands.

关键词： Tropical Forest Hotspot Land Use Landscape Indicators Watershed

Fungal rhinosinusitis with atypical presentation-a report of two cases

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第5期 418-420页

作者： Rafael da Costa Monsanto Rodrigo silva Orem Fernanda Resende e silva fabio Hiroshi Okuyama fabio Tadeu Moura Lorenzetti Department of Otolaryngology Banco de Olhos de Sorocaba HospitalBrazil Faculdade de Medicina da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo Brazil

Rhinosinusitis affects approximately 20%of the population,and the chronic rhinosinusitis represents over 90%of all cases of *** correct diagnosis is important for proper treatment and to predict its *** study presents two cases of atypical frontal sinus disease,which the follow-up revealed a diagnosis of fungal *** present study aims to describe the cases of two patients with atypical lesions on the left frontal sinus;the treatment options,surgical approach,results,diagnosis and follow-up are further discussed.A significant increase in the reported cases of fungal rhinosinusitis has been seen in the last two decades,justified by the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and steroids,as well as the increased number of immunocompromised *** study reports the cases of two patients with a type of fungal rhinosinusitis named"fungal ball",characterized by a tangle of hyphae in the sinuses without tissue *** treatment included surgical removal of the fungal infectious process with aeration of the affected sinus,and the procedure was successfully performed in our patients.

关键词： Frontal sinusitis Fungus Treatment Surgery