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基于工作站模式的青少年科技创新能力培养——以同济大学交通运输工程实践工作站为例

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教育教学论坛 2024年第2期 29-32页

作者：孙艳娜洪玲周峰同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室上海201804

面向交通强国战略,贯彻落实立德树人根本任务,同时遵循青少年成长需求、认知特点和创新实践教育规律,同济大学交通运输工程实践工作站结合学科特色,设计制订了面向未来交通的青少年科技创新实践培养方案。通过创新课题形式培养青少年的... 详细信息

面向交通强国战略,贯彻落实立德树人根本任务,同时遵循青少年成长需求、认知特点和创新实践教育规律,同济大学交通运输工程实践工作站结合学科特色,设计制订了面向未来交通的青少年科技创新实践培养方案。通过创新课题形式培养青少年的科技创新能力,激发青少年对科学研究的浓厚兴趣,吸引更多的青少年投身交通强国建设,共同培养交通科技创新人才。工作站经过3年的运行,取得了一定的成果,在人才培养方面有了创新性的突破,产生了良好的社会影响力。

关键词：科技创新实践工作站创新课题青少年

Recovery of Chitin and Protein from Shrimp Head Waste by Endogenous Enzyme Autolysis and Fermentation

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2019年第3期18卷 719-726页

作者： GUO na SUN Jianan ZHANG Zhaohui MAO Xiangzhao College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266237 China

The industrial processing of shrimp produces massive quantities of solid waste that is a notable source of animal protein, chitin, carotenoids, and other bioactive compounds that are not appropriately utilized. In the present study, chitin and protein extraction from shrimp head with autolysis and fermentation using Bacillus licheniformis were investigated. The results showed that when shrimp heads were autolyzed with a natural pH at 50℃ for 4 h, the total amino acid nitrogen in the supernatant was 5.01 mg mL^-1. Then, when a 50%(v/m) inoculum of the hydrolysate was incubated at 60℃ for 10 h, a deproteinization rate of 88.3% could be obtained. The fermented supernatant was processed into a dry protein powder, while the residues were demineralized by 10% citric acid for chitin. The recovered protein powder contained 5.5% moisture, 11.5% ash, and 66.7% protein, while the chitin contained 3.5% moisture, 2.1% ash, and 3.1% protein. In addition, amino acids, minerals, heavy metals, the degree of acetylation, microstructure, and Fourier-transform infrared(FT-IR) spectroscopy results were analyzed. Furthermore, the statistics of the large scale trial after treatment with 20 kg of shrimp heads were analyzed. Thus, this work made the shrimp waste utilization environmentally sound and valuable.

关键词： shrimp head waste endogenous enzyme autolysis fermentation chitin

Synthesis and Release Behavior of a Hybrid of Camptothecin Intercalated Dodecyl Sulfate Modified Layered Double Hydroxide

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2014年第1期30卷 137-143页

作者： LI Yan DU na HOU Wanguo LIU Shaojie Key Laboratory of Colloid & Interface Chemistry Ministry of EducationShandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China national Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China

The intercalation of a non-ionic and poorly water-soluble drug,camptothecin（CPT）,into dodecyl sulfate （DS） modified layered double hydroxide（LDH） was carried out via a secondary intercalation method to obtain a CPT-DS-LDH *** in vitro CPT release eFxaminations from the hybrid show that the hybrid can well control the release of CPT,which indicates that the hybrid is a potential drug controlled-release ***,the intercalation kinetics of CPT into the DS modified LDH fits for the pseudo-second-order *** the release kinetic process of CPT from the CPT-DS-LDH hybrid at pH=4.8 can be described with pseudo-first-order model,while that at pH=7.2 can be described with both pseudo-first-order model and pseudo-second-order ***,the release mechanism of CPT from the CPT-DS-LDH hybrid was discussed.

关键词： Layered double hydroxide(LDH) Camptothecin Hybrid Controlled release

Perfect quantum controlled teleportation via a novel threeparticle partially entangled channel

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2015年第6期22卷 45-50页

作者： Chen na Quan Dongxiao Yang Hong Pei Changxing State Key Laboratory of Integrated services Networks Xidian University

Recently Li et al. proposed special partially entangled states serving as quantum channel in quantum controlled teleportation, while there are some limitations in their scheme. Based on that, we present a possible improvement in this paper. We construct a novel three-particle partially entangled state which is suitable for perfect controlled teleportation. A simple quantum circuit is designed to obtain this state. We evaluate quantum controlled teleportation from three points of view： teleportation fidelity, success probability and the controller＇s power. Detailed calculations and simulation analyses show that the constructed state is a suitable channel for controlled teleportation of arbitrary qubits, unit teleportation fidelity and 100% success probability can be achieved. Meanwhile, as long as channel＇s entanglement degree equals to or greater than 3/4, the controller＇s power can be guaranteed.

关键词： quantum controlled teleportation three-particle partially entangled state quantum circuit

SYNTHESIS AND PROPERITIES OF SHISH-KEBAB-TYPE LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLY(p-PHENYLENE)S

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2006年第3期24卷 265-271页

作者：郑世军 Kazuo Akagi Qun Xua Zi-fa Li Shao-kui Cao Qi-feng Zhou College of the Material Science and Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052 China Institute of Materials Science University of Tsukuba Tsukuba 305-8573 Japan Department of Polymer Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Abstract The novel shish-kebab-type liquid crystalline poly（p-phenylene）s were synthesized through Suzuki coupling reaction from 2,5-bis[（4-n-alkoxyl）benzoyloxy]1,4-dibromobenzene （monomer 1） and 1,4-benzenediboronic acid bistrimethylene cyclic ester （monomer 2）. Their structure and properties were characterized by GPC, DSC, X-ray diffraction and polarizing optical microscope （POM）. It was found that the polymers turned to liquid crystalline phase above their melting point. The melting point （Tm） of the polymers decreases when the length of the alkoxy tails of the mesogenic units increases. The mesophase was identified by X-ray diffraction method. The polymers could dissolve in common organic solvents and show strong blue fluorescence. The maximum absorption bands of polymers prepared from annealed films have large red-shift due to the spontaneous orientation of the liquid crystalline side chains. The same phenomena were also observed in the fluorescence spectra.

关键词： Conjugated polymer Liquid crystal Shish-kebab Fluorescence

A fast calculation strategy of density function in IsaF reconstruction algorithm

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2013年第9期56卷 182-193页

作者： WANG GongMing ZHANG fa CHU Qi faN LiYa SUN Fei LIU ZhiYong Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences IBM China Research Lab Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The IsaF reconstruction algorithm is a new method for reconstructing icosahedral molecules from their projections. This algorithm works in spherical coordinate system and can achieve higher resolution than the traditional Fourier-Bessel algorithm in cylindrical coordinate system; however this method needs huge computations, which limits its application in reality. The main bottleneck lies in the calculation of density function as it occupies 90% running time of the whole algorithm. A fast calculation strategy of density function is proposed to solve this problem. This strategy is composed of three components: the fast calculation method of density function of mesh point in spherical coordinate system, the transformation method of density function of mesh point from spherical coordinate system to Cartesian coordinate system and the fast two-phase mapping method. The time complexity of calculating density function is decreased from O[(LM)8] to O[(LM)7] in our strategy. The experimental results on Psv-F simulated data indicate that the speed of calculating density function is increased almost two orders of magnitude and the speedup of the whole algorithm could reach 30 times. In addition, the speedup could go up with the increase in the number of images and the requirement of accuracy.

关键词： IsaF 3D reconstruction density function spherical coordinate system quaternion interpolation

Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes colon cancer progression by changing the mucosal microbiota and colon transcriptome in a mouse model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第18期28卷 1981-1995页

作者： na Wu Yu-Qing Feng na Lyu Di Wang Wei-Dong Yu Yong-Fei Hu Department of Central Laboratory&Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology Peking University People’s HospitalBeijing 100044China State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

BACKGROUND Fusobacterium nucleatum(***)has long been known to cause opportunistic infections and has recently been implicated in colorectal cancer(CRC),which has attracted broad ***,the mechanism by which it is involved in CRC development is not fully *** To explore its potential causative role in CRC development,we evaluated the colon pathology,mucosa barrier,colon microbiota and host transcriptome profile after *** infection in an azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium salt(AOM/DSS)mouse *** Three groups of mice were compared to reveal the differences,i.e.,the control,AOM/DSS-induced CRC and AOM/DSS-FUSO infection *** Both the AOM/DSS and AOM/DSS-FUSO groups exhibited a significantly reduced body weight and increased tumor numbers than the control group,and AOM/DSS mice with *** infection showed the highest tumor formation ratio among the three ***,the colon pathology was the most serious in the AOM/DSS-FUSO *** found that the structure of the colon microbiota changed considerably after *** infection;striking differences in mucosal microbial population patterns were observed between the AOM/DSS-FUSO and AOM/DSS groups,and inflammation-inducing bacteria were enriched in the mucosal microbiota in the AOM/DSS-FUSO *** comparing intestinal transcriptomics data from AOM vs AOM/DSSFUSO mice,we showed that transcriptional activity was strongly affected by dysbiosis of the gut *** most microbiota-sensitive genes were oncogenes in the intestine,and the cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling pathway,neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction,PPAR signaling pathway,retinol metabolism,mineral absorption and drug metabolism were highly enriched in the AOM/DSS-FUSO ***,we showed that microbial dysbiosis driven by *** infection enriched eight taxa belonging to Proteobacteria,which correlates with increased expression of oncogenic *** Our

关键词： Fusobacterium nucleatum Mucosal microbiota Transcriptome Colorectal cancer Inflammation-inducing bacteria

Multiple model particle flter track-before-detect for range ambiguous radar

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2013年第6期26卷 1477-1487页

作者： Wang Guohong Tan Shuncheng Guan Chengbin Wang na Liu Zhaolei Institute of Information Fusion Naval Aeronautical and Astronautical University No.92941 Unit 93 Element nanjing Research Institute of Electronics Technology

The middle pulse repetition frequency（MPRF）and high pulse repetition frequency（HPRF）modes are widely adopted in airborne pulse Doppler（PD）radar systems,which results in the problem that the range measurement of targets is *** existing data processing based range ambiguity resolving methods work well on the condition that the signal-to-noise ratio（SNR）is high *** this paper,a multiple model particle flter（MMPF）based track-beforedetect（TBD）method is proposed to address the problem of target detection and tracking with range ambiguous radar in low-SNR *** introducing a discrete variable that denotes whether a target is present or not and the discrete pulse interval number（PIN）as components of the target state vector,and modeling the incremental variable of the PIN as a three-state Markov chain,the proposed algorithm converts the problem of range ambiguity resolving into a hybrid state fltering *** last,the hybrid fltering problem is implemented by a MMPF-based TBD method in the Bayesian *** results demonstrate that the proposed Bayesian approach can estimate target state as well as the PIN simultaneously,and succeeds in detecting and tracking weak targets with the range ambiguous *** results also show that the performance of the proposed method is superior to that of the multiple hypothesis（MH）method in low-SNR environment.

关键词： Bayesian framework Particle flter Pulse repetition frequency Range ambiguity Signal-to-noise ratio Track-before-detect

Battlefield dynamic scanning and staring imaging system based on fast steering mirror

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2019年第1期30卷 37-56页

作者： CHANG Tianqing WANG Quandong ZHANG Lei HAO na DAI Wenjun Department of Weapon and Control Army Academy of Armored Forces Center for Assessment and Demonstration Research Academy of Military Sciences Department of Science Research Army Academy of Armored Forces

This paper presents the design of an experimental battlefield dynamic scanning and staring imaging system based on a fast steering mirror(FSM), which is capable of real-time monitoring of hot targets and wide-area reconnaissance of hot regions. First,the working principle and working sequence of the FSM are briefly analyzed. The mathematical model of the FSM system is built by modeling its dynamic and electrical properties, and the rationality of the model is validated by means of model identification. Second,the influence of external sources of disturbance such as the carrier and moment on the control precision of the FSM is effectively suppressed by the jointly controlling of proportional integral(PI)and disturbance observer(DOB), thus realizing a high precision and strong robustness control of the FSM system. Then, this paper designs an experimental prototype and introduces a special optical structure to enable the infrared camera to share the FSM with the visible light camera. Finally, the influence of the velocity difference between the mirror of the FSM and the rotating platform on the imaging quality of the system is experimentally analyzed by using the image sharpness evaluation method based on point sharpness. A good dynamic scanning and staring imaging result is achieved when the velocity of these two components correspond.

关键词： fast steering mirror (FSM) dynamic scanning and staring backscanning compensation disturbance observer (DOB) point sharpness.