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财政纵向失衡、民生性支出偏向与地方预算执行紧缩

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当代财经 2024年第2期 42-56页

作者：管智超付敏杰北京大学政府管理学院北京100871 中国社会科学院经济研究所北京100836

预算制度改革是财政现代化的重要组成部分,地方预算执行紧缩问题综合反映了政府预算管理能力和宏观调控能力的不足。基于中国式财政分权的典型事实,利用1997—2020年我国省际面板数据,实证分析财政纵向失衡、民生性支出偏向对地方预算... 详细信息

预算制度改革是财政现代化的重要组成部分,地方预算执行紧缩问题综合反映了政府预算管理能力和宏观调控能力的不足。基于中国式财政分权的典型事实,利用1997—2020年我国省际面板数据,实证分析财政纵向失衡、民生性支出偏向对地方预算执行紧缩的多重作用机制和影响效应。结果表明:财政纵向失衡的直接效应将会加重地方预算执行紧缩,但民生性支出偏向会间接地缓解地方预算执行紧缩。异质性分析发现,民生性支出偏向在发达地区加重了地方预算执行紧缩,发达地区失业率和经济发展水平能够缓解地方预算执行紧缩。机制分析发现,财政纵向失衡在总体上加重了地方预算执行紧缩,央地政府财力结构的不合理进一步加重了地方预算执行紧缩。因此,为了缓解地方预算执行紧缩,应控制财政纵向失衡程度,调整央地间财权-事权的分配关系;优化地方政府支出结构,提高民生性支出比重;进一步推进现代预算制度改革,缓解地方预算执行紧缩,落实好预算制度的关键性细节。

关键词：财政纵向失衡民生性支出偏向地方预算执行紧缩现代预算制度

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财政纵向失衡与地方财政支出周期失衡

东北财经大学学报 2024年第2期 38-49页

作者：付敏杰中国社会科学院经济研究所北京100836 中国社会科学院大学经济学院北京102488

本文采用1980—2019年数据,在制度分析和事实梳理基础上,运用面板联立方程组探讨了财政纵向失衡对地方财政支出周期失衡的影响及财政收入周期在二者之间的传导机制。研究结果表明:财政纵向失衡加剧地方财政支出周期失衡,财政收入周期是... 详细信息

本文采用1980—2019年数据,在制度分析和事实梳理基础上,运用面板联立方程组探讨了财政纵向失衡对地方财政支出周期失衡的影响及财政收入周期在二者之间的传导机制。研究结果表明:财政纵向失衡加剧地方财政支出周期失衡,财政收入周期是财政纵向失衡影响地方财政支出周期失衡的重要传导机制,但财政纵向失衡对财政收入周期和地方财政支出周期的影响方向相反。分税制改革后,财政纵向失衡对地方财政支出周期失衡的直接影响和间接影响的方向没有变化,但总效应从正向扩张效应转向负向抑制效应。本文的研究结论为缓解财政纵向失衡、提高政府逆周期调节能力提供了决策依据。

关键词：财政纵向失衡地方财政支出周期失衡财政支出财政收入

Biological factors driving colorectal cancer metastasis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第2期16卷 259-272页

作者： Shuai-Xing An Zhao-Jin Yu Chen fu min-jie Wei Long-Hai Shen Department of Pharmacology School of PharmacyChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110122Liaoning ProvinceChina Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Development and Evaluation Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research CenterKey Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors(China Medical University)Ministry of EducationShenyang 110122Liaoning ProvinceChina BD Department Greenpine Pharma Group Co.LtdTianjin 300020China Center of Oncology Genertec Liaoyou Gem Flower HospitalPanJin 124010Liaoning ProvinceChina

Approximately 20%of colorectal cancer(CRC)patients present with metastasis at *** Stage I-III CRC patients who undergo surgical resection,18%typically suffer from distal metastasis within the first three years following initial *** median survival duration after the diagnosis of metastatic CRC(mCRC)is only 9 *** is traditionally considered to be an advanced stage malignancy or is thought to be caused by incomplete resection of tumor tissue,allowing cancer cells to spread from primary to distant organs;however,increa-sing evidence suggests that the mCRC process can begin early in tumor *** patients present with high heterogeneity and diverse cancer phenotypes that are classified on the basis of molecular and morphological *** genomic and nongenomic events can induce subclone diversity,which leads to cancer and *** the course of mCRC,metastatic cascades are associated with invasive cancer cell migration through the circulatory system,extravasation,distal seeding,dormancy,and reactivation,with each step requiring specific molecular ***,cancer cells presenting neoantigens can be recognized and eliminated by the immune *** this review,we explain the biological factors that drive CRC metastasis,namely,genomic instability,epigenetic instability,the metastatic cascade,the cancer-immunity cycle,and external lifestyle *** remarkable progress in CRC research,the role of molecular classification in therapeutic intervention remains *** review shows the driving factors of mCRC which may help in identifying potential candidate biomarkers that can improve the diagnosis and early detection of mCRC cases.

关键词： cancer Metastasis cascade Cancer immunity Genomic variation Epigenetic instability Lifestyle factor

Monothetic and conductive network and mechanical stress releasing layer on micron-silicon anode enabling high-energy solid-state battery

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1017-1029页

作者： Xiang Han min Xu Lan-Hui Gu Chao-Fei Lan min-Feng Chen Jun-jie Lu Bi-fu Sheng Peng Wang Song-Yan Chen Ji-Zhang Chen College of Materials Science and Engineering Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forestry ResourcesNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Department of Physics Xiamen UniversityXiamen361005China Western Digital Corporation MilpitasCA95035USA

Silicon has ultrahigh capacity,dendrite-free alloy lithiation mechanism and low cost and has been regarded as a promising anode candidate for solid-state *** to the low infiltration of solid-state electrolyte(SSE),not the unstable solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI),but the huge stress during lithiation-and delithiation-induced particle fracture and conductivity lost tend to be the main *** this study,starting with micron-Si,a novel monothetic carbon conductive framework and a MgO coating layer are designed,which serve as electron pathway across the whole electrode and stress releasing layer,*** addition,the in situ reaction between Si and SSE helps to form a LiF-rich and mechanically stable SEI *** a result,the mechanical stability and charge transfer kinetics of the uniquely designed Si anode are significantly ***,high initial Coulombic efficiency,high capacity and durable cycling stability can be achieved by applying the Si@MgO@C anode in *** example,high specific capacity of 3224.6 mAh·g^(-1)and long cycling durability of 200 cycles are *** work provides a new concept for designing alloy-type anode that combines surface coating on particle and electrode structure design.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery(LIB) Solid-state electrolyte(SSE) Silicon anode Stress relief Coating

Impact of initial fluctuations and nuclear deformations in isobar collisions

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 155-162页

作者： Jian-Fei Wang Hao-jie Xu fu-Qiang Wang Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Science Huzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000China Strong-Coupling Physics International Research Laboratory(SPiRL) Huzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000China Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Relativistic isobar^(96)_(44)Ru+^(96)_(44)Ru and^(96)_(40)Zr+^(96)_(40)Zrcollisions have revealed intricate differences in their nuclear size and shape,inspiring unconventional studies of nuclear structure using relativistic heavy ion *** this study,we investigate the relative differences in the mean multiplicityR_()and the secondR_(ε2)and third-order eccentricityR_(ε3)between isobar collisions using initial state Glauber *** is found that initial fluctuations and nuclear deformations have negligible effects on R_()in most central collisions,while both are important for the R_(ε2)and R_(ε3),the degree of which is sensitive to the underlying nucleonic or sub-nucleonic degree of *** features,compared to real data,may probe the particle production mechanism and the physics underlying nuclear structure.

关键词： Relativistic isobar collisions Initial fluctuations Nuclear deformation

Transcriptomic and machine learning analyses identify hub genes of metabolism and host immune response that are associated with the progression of breast capsular contracture

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 427-437页

作者： Yukun Mao Xueying Hou Su fu jie Luan Breast Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center Plastic Surgery HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100144China

Capsular contracture is a prevalent and severe complication that affects the post-operative outcomes of patients who receive silicone breast *** present,prosthesis replacement is the major treatment for capsular contracture after both breast augmentation procedures and breast reconstruction following breast cancer ***,the mecha-nism(s)underlying breast capsular contracture remains *** study aimed to identify the biological features of breast capsular contracture and reveal the potential underlying mechanism using RNA *** tissues from 12 female patients(15 breast capsules)were divided into low capsular contracture(LCC)and high capsular contracture(HCC)groups based on the Baker ***,41 lipid metabolism-related genes were identified through enrichment analysis,and three of these genes were identified as candidate genes by SVM-RFE and LASSO *** then compared the proportions of the 22 types of im-mune cells between the LCC and HCC groups using a CIBERSORT analysis and explored the Cor-relation between the candidate hub features and immune ***,PRKAR2B was positively correlated with the differentially clustered immune cells,which were M1 macro-phages and follicular helper T cells(area under the ROC=0.786).In addition,the expression of PRKAR2B at the mRNA or protein level was lower in the HCC group than in the LCC *** molecular mechanisms were identified based on the expression levels in the high and low PRKAR2B *** findings indicate that PRKAR2B is a novel diagnostic biomarker for breast capsular contracture and might also influence the grade and progression of capsularcontracture.

关键词： Biomarker Breastcapsular contracture Immune infiltration Machinelearning algorithms PRKAR2B

Ambarzumyan's Theorem for the Dirac Operator on Equilateral Tree Graphs

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第2期40卷 568-576页

作者： Dong-jie WU Xin-Jian XU Chuan-fu YANG Department of Mathematics School of Mathematics and StatisticsNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

The classical Ambarzumyan’s theorem states that if the Neumann eigenvalues of the Sturm-Liouville operator-d^(2)/dx^(2)+q with an integrable real-valued potential q on[0,π] are {n^(2):n≥0},then q=0 for almost all x∈[0,π].In this work,the classical Ambarzumyan’s theorem is extended to the Dirac operator on equilateral tree *** prove that if the spectrum of the Dirac operator on graphs coincides with the unperturbed case,then the potential is identically zero.

关键词： dirac operator quantum graph Ambarzumyan’s theorem inverse spectral problem

An approach for formation design and flight performance prediction based on aerodynamic formation unit:Energy-saving considerations

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 77-91页

作者： Nanxuan QIAO Tielin MA Xiangsheng WANG jie WANG Jingcheng fu Pu XUE School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Institute of Unmanned System Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Intelligent Unmanned Flight System Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijing 100191China School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 102206China Beijing Institute of Space Long March Vehicle Beijing 100076China

The performance improvement of swarm drones through aerodynamic shape optimization may be challenging due to folded size constraints imposed by the specific launch ***,fixed-wing aircraft swarms can benefit from formation flight in terms of energy *** study introduces the concept of the"aerodynamic formation unit",which consists of two or three aircraft that form an inseparable unit of the *** the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)distribution and wingtip vortex interference in the formation,two typical aerodynamic formation units are optimized by the variable-fidelity aerodynamic optimization method based on space *** aerodynamic characteristics of the formation UAVs that affect flight performance,such as lift-to-drag ratio(L/D ratio)and static stability are analyzed by Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)*** L/D ratio(cruising condition)of the following aircraft can be increased by 22.8%and 57.5%in the optimal units that involve two and three aircraft ***,this study conducts several CFD simulations for multi-aircraft formations formed by the units,which show that the average L/D ratio of the formation can be improved by more than 19%.These results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the"aerodynamic formation unit"concept and the optimization framework for formation parameters.

关键词： Formation flight CFD Aerodynamic formation unit Wingtip vortices Foldable tandem-wing aircraft

新时代财政职能的国家化和财政学的政治学转向

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财经问题研究 2019年第2期 71-78页

作者：付敏杰中国社会科学院经济研究所北京100836

十八届三中全会对"财政是国家治理的基础和重要支柱"的强调,注重财政的现代国家职能而非传统市场职能。国家是政治学的核心范畴,经济学只研究市场和市场视角下的政府,不研究国家。国家治理视角下的财政研究从以市场为中心转向以国家为中... 详细信息

十八届三中全会对"财政是国家治理的基础和重要支柱"的强调,注重财政的现代国家职能而非传统市场职能。国家是政治学的核心范畴,经济学只研究市场和市场视角下的政府,不研究国家。国家治理视角下的财政研究从以市场为中心转向以国家为中心,意味着财政学要逐步从经济学主导转变为政治学主导,从市场中的补充性职能转向国家治理中的基础性职能,从而改变以往经济学视域的财政学"只研究政府、不研究国家"的状况。与全面深化改革以来国内的研究相比,本文强调了财政职能的国家化,并对财政学的政治学转向提出了设想,即必须摆脱经济学传统下对于市场效率的过度关注,逐步转向新时代对于国家治理政治的决定性影响。

关键词：国家治理财政职能财政学经济学主导政治学主导