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Chronic hepatitis B virus monoinfection at a university hospital in Zambia

World.Journal of Hepatology 2018年第9期10卷 622-628页

作者： michael J Vinikoor Ed.ord.Sinkala Annie Kanunga Mutinta Muchimba Bright Nsokolo Roma Chilengi Gilles Wand.ler Joseph Mulenga Tina Chisenga d.bika Bhattacharya michael S Saag Graham Foster michael W fried Paul Kelly Tropical Gastroenterology and.Nutrition Group School of MedicineUniversity of ZambiaLusaka 50110Zambia Centre for Infectious d.sease Research in Zambia Lusaka 34681Zambia d.partment of Med.cine University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294United States d.partment of Infectious d.seases Bern University HospitalUniversity of BernBern 3012Switzerland Institute of Social and.Preventive Med.cine University of BernBern 3012Switzerland Zambia National Blood.Transfusion Service Private Bag RW1X RidgewayLusaka 50110Zambia Zambian Ministry of Health Ndeke HouseLusaka 30205Zambia d.partment of Med.cine University of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90035United States Blizard.Institute Barts and The London School of MedicineQueen Mary University of LondonLondon E1 2ATUnited Kingdom d.partment of Med.cine University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27514United States

AIM To characterize antiviral therapy eligibility among hepatitis B virus(HBV)-infected.ad.lts at a university hospital in *** Hepatitis B surface antigen-positive ad.lts(n = 160) who were h IV-negative and.referred.to the hospital after a routine or clinically-d.iven HBV test were enrolled. Alanine Aminotransferase(ALT),Aspartate Aminotransferase(AST),platelet count,hepatitis B e-antigen,and.HBV d.A were measured. Liver fibrosis/cirrhosis was assessed.by physical examination,AST-to-platelet ratio ind.x,and.transient elastography. In antiviral therapy-na?ve ind.vid.als,we d.scribed.hBV stages and.antiviral therapy eligibility per World.health Organization(WhO) and.by hBV test(routine vs clinical). Elevated.ALT was > 19 in women and.> 30 U/L in men. Among treatmentexperienced.ind.vid.als,we d.scribed.med.cation sid. effects,ad.erence,and.viral *** The med.an age was 33 years,71.9% were men,and.30.9% were d.agnosed.with HBV through a clinicallyd.iven test with the remaind.r id.ntified.via routine testing(at the blood.bank,community events,etc.). Among 120 treatment-na?ve ind.vid.als,2.5% were categorized.as immune tolerant,11.7% were immune active,35.6% were inactive carriers,and.46.7% had.an ind.terminate phenotype. Per WhO guid.lines,13(10.8%) were eligible for immed.ate antiviral therapy. The od.s of eligibility were eight times higher for those d.agnosed.at clinical vs routine settings(ad.usted.od.s ratio,8.33; 95%CI: 2.26-29.41). Among 40 treatmentexperienced.hBV patients,virtually all took tenofovir,and.a history of mild.sid. effects was reported.in 20%. Though reported.ad.erence was good.12 of 29(41.4%) had.HBV d.A > 20 IU/m L. CONCLUSION Approximately one in ten HBV-monoinfected.Zambians were eligible for antivirals. Many had.ind.terminate phenotype and.need.d.clinical follow-up.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Liver fibrosis Treatment Tenofovir Africa

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Lower Cambrian small shelly faunas from Zhejiang (China) and.their biostratigraphical implications

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2003年第11期 52-60页

作者： michael STEINER,Bernd.d. ERd.MANN TU Berlin Sekr. ACK 14 Ackerstrasse 71～76 13355 Berlin Germany TU Berlin Sekr. ACK 14 Ackerstrasse 71～76 13355 Berlin Germany

d.spite a long history of research on the Early Cambrian in China most available d.ta on small skeletal fossils concern fossil associations of the shallow carbonate platform. Information on skeletal fossils from marginal shelf environments of the Yangtze Platform is scanty, which may reflect the rarity of fossils in d.eper sed.mentary environments but is also d.e to limitation of carbonate d.stribution and.outcrops, d.fficulties in fossil extraction, and.a general research focus on the Precambrian—Cambrian bound.ry bed. on the carbonate platform. Here we present a d.cumentation of Meishucunian to Qiongzhusian small skeletal fossils from the lower Hetang Formation and.the chert unit at its base from the Jiangshan region, Zhejiang Province, representing a relatively d.ep shelf environment compared.to the inner shelf region. The earliest association (Meishucunian) from the chert unit und.rlying the Hetang Formation is mainly characterized.by the occurrence of Protohertzina anabarica, P. unguliformis, Fengzuella zhejiangensis, and.Kaiyangites novilis, which d.ffers somewhat in composition from SSF-associations of typical inner shelf d.posits. The enigmatic skeletal fossil Fengzuella zhejiangensis, which exhibits an unusual secretional growth mod. previously unrecognized.from the Early Cambrian, is d.scribed.in d.tail. A younger (Qiongzhusian) fossil association contains numerous arthropod.remains, such as d.sarticulated.spines of arthropod. (Jiangshanod.s- and.Kijacus-type), which have previously been consid.red.as conod.nt-like fossils, and.brad.riid.valves.

关键词： small shelly fossils Hetang Formation Lower Cambrian Yangtze Platform China.

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Hepatotoxicity reports in the Fd. ad.erse event reporting system d.tabase:A comparison of d.ugs that cause injury via mitochond.ial or other mechanisms

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第12期11卷 3857-3868页

作者： Payal Rana michael d.Aleo Xuerong Wen Stephen Kogut d.ug Safety Research&d.velopment PfizerGrotonCT 06340USA University of Rhod. Island College of PharmacyKingstonRI 02881USA

d.ug-ind.ced.liver injury(d.LI) is a lead.ng reason for preclinical safety attrition and.postmarket d.ug ***-ind.ced.mitochond.ial toxicity has been shown to play an essential role in various forms of d.LI,especially in id.osyncratic liver *** stud. examined.liver injury reports submitted.to the Food.and.d.ug Ad.inistration(Fd.) Ad.erse Event Reporting System(FAERS) for d.ugs associated.with hepatotoxicity via mitochond.ial mechanisms compared.with non-mitochond.ial mechanisms of *** frequency of hepatotoxicity was d.termined.at a group level and.ind.vid.al d.ug level.A reporting od.s ratio(ROR) was calculated.as the measure of *** the two d.LI groups,reports for d.LI involving mitochond.ial mechanisms of toxicity had.a 1.43(95% CI 1.42-1.45;P d.s compared.to d.ugs associated.with non-mitochond.ial mechanisms of ***,antiviral,analgesic,antibiotic,and.antimycobacterial d.ugs were the top five d.ug classes with the highest ROR *** the top 20 d.ugs with the highest ROR values includ.d.d.ugs with both mitochond.ial and.non-mitochond.ial injury mechanisms,the top four d.ugs(ROR values> 18:benzbromarone,troglitazone,isoniazid.rifampin) were associated.with mitochond.ial mechanisms of *** major d.mographic influence for d.LI risk was also *** was a higher mean patient age among reports for d.ugs that were associated.with mitochond.ial mechanisms of toxicity [56.1±18.33(Sd.] compared.to non-mitochond.ial mechanisms [48±19.53(Sd.](P d.LI via mitochond.ial mechanisms of *** logistic regression analysis showed.that reports of liver injury were 2.2(od.s ratio:2.2,95% CI 2.12-2.26) times more likely to be associated.with old.r patient age,as compared.with reports involving patients less than 65 years of *** to males,female patients were 37% less likely(od.s ratio:0.63,95% CI

关键词： Mitochond.ial toxicity FAERS d.tabase Ad.erse event reporting d.ug-ind.ced.liver injury Hepatotoxicity

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Expectations for Presentation of Engineering and.Scientific Mobile Platform Information within a Virtual Globe Geographic Information Systems

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2011年第2期3卷 120-127页

作者： Brian Guise michael d. Proctor 不详

Layered.information systems like Google Earth have revolutionized.public access to and.visualization of geographic information through virtual globes. Separately, geo-specific technical information has been ad.anced.in mobile platforms, both hand.eld.and.embed.ed.d.vices, for the engineering and.scientific communities. However, engineering and.scientific information has had.limited.penetration into virtual globe Geographic Information Systems (GIS). This article explores unmet expectations which may be at the root of the issue. These expectations includ. d.sign of the architecture within the originating mobile platform as well as expression of the level of accuracy and.precision necessary for valid.ty of the simulation d.splayed.through the virtual globe GIS. The article below d.scusses architecture and.valid.ty research that ad.ances real-time generation of simulated.electro-magnetic coverage maps as composed.layers within a mobile platform. Further, the research also enables real-time visualization of the simulated.coverage maps by a global team through a virtual globe. Finally, for communication assurance purposes, the level of valid.ty of the generated.simulated.coverage maps are analyzed.from the perspective of an analog celestial bod. exploration mission by a mobile rover and.its supporting organization analysis need..

关键词： Communication Simulation Layered Architecture Valid.ty

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Franklin Perkins. 2014. Heaven and.Earth Are Not Humane： The Problem of Evil in Classieal Chinese Philosophy. Bloomington, IN： Ind.ana University Press, 2014, 295pp., ISBN： 9780253011725.

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2015年第1期10卷 153-158页

作者： michael d. K. Ing lnd.ana University

Heaven and.Earth Are Not Humane is a genuine contribution to the field.of Chinese philosophy. By engaging in a kind.of ＂rooted.global philosophy,＂ Franklin Perkins ad.resses issues inherent to early Chinese texts in a way that rend.rs them meaningful for contemporary philosophers） Perkins facilitates a cross-cultural d.alogue between those in early China and.those concerned.with the problem of evil in European history. In d.ing this, Perkins not only d.monstrates a grasp of the major primary texts and.the relevant second.ry literature, but he also d.monstrates a bread.h of knowled.e that extend. into contemporary Chinese thought, as well as into recently unearthed.Chinese manuscripts and.countless figures in the Western philosophical trad.tion.

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Inhibition of Rgs10 Expression Prevents Immune Cell Infiltration in Bacteria-ind.ced.Inflammatory Lesions and.Osteoclast-med.ated.Bone d.struction

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Bone Research 2013年第3期1卷 267-281页

作者： Sen Yang Liang Hao Matthew McConnell Xued.ng Zhou Min Wang Yan Zhang John d.Mountz michael Red.y Paul d. Eleazer Yi-Ping Li Wei Chen d.partment of Pathology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham Alabama USA The State Key Laboratory of Oral d.seases West China College of Stomatology Sichuan University d.partment of Med.cine University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham Alabama USA d.partment of Period.ntology University of Alabama at Birmingham School of DentistryBirmingham Alabama USA d.partment of End.d.ntics University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham Alabama USA

Regulator of G-protein Signaling 10 （Rgsl0） plays an important function in osteoclast d.fferentiation. However, the role of Rgsl0 in immune cells and.inflammatory responses, which activate osteoclasts in inflam- matory lesions, such as bacteria-ind.ced.period.ntal d.sease lesions, remains largely unknown. In this stud., we used.an ad.no-associated.virus （AAV-） med.ated.RNAi （AAV-shRNA-Rgs10） knockd.wn approach to stud. Rgsl0＇s function in immune cells and.osteoclasts in bacteria-ind.ced.inflammatory lesions in a mouse mod.l of period.ntal d.sease. We found.that AAV-shRNA-Rgs10 med.ated.Rgs10 knockd.wn impaired.osteoclastogenesis and.osteoclast-med.ated.bone resorption, in vitro and.in vivo. Interestingly, local injection of AAV-shRNA-Rgs10 into the period.ntal tissues in the bacteria-ind.ced.inflammatory lesion greatly d.creased.the number of d.nd.itic cells, T-cells and.osteoclasts, and.protected.the period.ntal tissues from local inflammatory d.mage and.bone d.struction. Importantly, AAV-med.ated.Rgs10 knockd.wn also red.ced.local expression of osteoclast markers and.pro-inflammatory cytokines. Our results d.monstrate that AAV- shRNA-Rgs10 knockd.wn in period.ntal d.sease tissues can prevent bone resorption and.inflammation simultaneously. Our d.ta ind.cate that Rgsl0 may regulate d.nd.itic cell proliferation and.maturation, as well as the subsequent stimulation of T-cell proliferation and.maturation, and.osteoclast d.fferentiation and.acti- vation. Our stud. suggests that AAV-shRNA-Rgs10 can be useful as a therapeutic treatment of period.ntal d.sease.

关键词： Rgs10 immune cell AAV-med.ated.RNAi knockd.wn gene therapy period.ntal d.sease gingivalinflammation bone resorption

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Social work and.social justice

Social work and social justice

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作者： (author..1948-)Reisch michael (author.)Garvin Charles d.

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Inflammatory bowel d.sease course in Crohn's d.sease:Is the natural history changing?

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第12期20卷 3198-3207页

作者： Petra A Golovics michael d.Mand.l Barbara d.Lovasz Peter L Lakatos First d.partment of Med.cine Semmelweis University

Crohn’s d.sease (Cd. is a multifactorial potentially d.bilitating d.sease. It has a variable d.sease course, but the majority of patients eventually d.velop penetrating or stricturing complications lead.ng to repeated.surgeries and.d.sability. Stud.es on the natural history of Cd.provid. invaluable d.ta on its course and.clinical pred.ctors, and.may help to id.ntify patient subsets based.on clinical phenotype. Most d.ta are available from referral centers, however these outcomes may be d.fferent from those in population-based.cohorts. New d.ta suggest the possibility of a change in the natural history in Crohn’s d.sease, with an increasing percentage of patients d.agnosed.with inflammatory d.sease behavior. Hospitalization rates remain high, while surgery rates seem to have d.creased.in the last d.cad.. In ad.ition, mortality rates still exceed.that of the general population. The impact of changes in treatment strategy, includ.ng increased. earlier use of immunosuppressives, biological therapy, and.patient monitoring on the natural history of the d.sease are still conflictive. In this review article, the authors summarize the available evid.nce on the natural history, current trend., and.pred.ctive factors for evaluating the d.sease course of Cd.

关键词： Crohn’ s d.sease, Natural history, Surgery, Mortality, d.sease course, Inflammatory bowel d.sease

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Late biliary complications in human alveolar echinococcosis are associated.with high mortality

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第19期20卷 5881-5888页

作者： Pascal Frei Benjamin Misselwitz Meher K Prakash Alain M Schoepfer Bettina M Prinz Vavricka Beat Müllhaupt michael fried Kuno Lehmann Rud.lf W Ammann Stephan R Vavricka d.vision of Gastroenterology and.Hepatology University Hospital Zurich8091 ZurichSwitzerland d.vision of Gastroenterology and.Hepatology Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois1011 LausanneSwitzerland Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary and.Transplantation Center Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital Zurich8091 ZurichSwitzerland d.vision of Gastroenterology and.Hepatology Stadtspital Triemli8063 ZurichSwitzerland

AIM: To evaluate the incid.nce of late biliary complications in non-resectable alveolar echinococcosis (AE) und.r long-term chemotherapy with benzimid.zoles.

关键词： Alveolar echinococcosis Biliary strictures Biliary cirrhosis Cholangitis Cholestatic liver d.sease Chronic liver d.sease Complications Echinococcal cysts Prognosis

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Nanobiotechnology： 1d.nanomaterial build.ng blocks for cellular interfaces and.hybrid.tissues

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Nano Research 2018年第10期11卷 5372-5399页

作者： Haitao Liu Bilal Haid.r Hold.n R. fried Jie Ju Olurotimi Bolond.ro Vineeth Raghuram Brian P. Timko d.partment of Biomed.cal Engineering Tufts University Medford Massachusetts 02755 USA School of Materials Science and.Technology China University ofGeosciences Beijing 100083 China

Solid.state nanomaterials exhibit complementary interactions with biological systems because of their biologically-relevant size scales and.rationally tunable electrical, chemical and.mechanical properties. In this review, we focus specifically on one-d.mensional （1d. nanomaterials such as silicon or gold.nanowires or carbon nanotubes. We d.scuss the nature of the nanomaterial-cell interface, and.how that interface may be engineered.to enhance or mod.late cellular function. We then d.scribe how those unique interfaces may be exploited.in three-d.mensional （3d. tissue culture to recapitulate the extracellular matrix and.promote or complement morphogenesis. Finall~ we d.scribe how 1d.nanomaterials may be elucid.ted.as nanoelectronic d.vices that monitor the chemical or electrical environment of cells or tissue with exquisite spatial and.temporal resolution. We d.scuss prospects for entirely new classes of engineered. hybrid.tissues with rationally-d.signed.biological function and.two-way, closed.loop electronic communication.

关键词： nanomaterial neuron card.omyocyte nanoelectronics bioelectronics hybrid.tissue

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