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翻译研究与教学 2018年第2期 16-28页

作者： fong ronald Department of English Faculty of Arts and HumanitiesUniversity of Macau

This article aims at providing an analysis of the Cantonese Motion-Directional Construction within a broad framework of cognitive linguistics and how it is relevant to translation. The analysis is different from others in that it applies the cognitive constructional approach to Cantonese. It discusses examples of the argument structure of the Cantonese Motion-Directional Construction and demonstrates the strategies of our approach. In particular, we propose the Catenative Analysis of the Motion-Directional Construction and argue that the Construction signals conceptual subordination, which illustrates the event structure of the Construction. Furthermore, we consider the relationship of translation between Cantonese and English in realizing this Construction.

关键词： motion directional catenative subordination event structure

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Arterial vs venous blood gas differences during hemorrhagic shock

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2014年第2期3卷 55-60页

作者： Kristopher Burton Williams Ashley Britton Christmas Brant Todd Heniford ronald fong Sing Joseph Messick Department of Surgery Carolinas Health Care System

AIM: To characterize differences of arterial(ABG) and venous(VBG) blood gas analysis in a rabbit model of hemorrhagic shock. METHODS: Following baseline arterial and venous blood gas analysis, fifty anesthetized, ventilated New Zealand white rabbits were hemorrhaged to and maintained at a mean arterial pressure of 40 mm Hg until a state of shock was obtained, as defined by arterial p H ≤ 7.2 and base deficit ≤-15 mmol/L. Simultaneous ABG and VBG were obtained at 3 minute intervals. Comparisons of p H, base deficit, p CO2, and arteriovenous(a-v) differences were then made between ABG and VBG at baseline and shock states. Statistical analysis was applied where appropriate with a significance of P < 0.05. RESULTS: All 50 animals were hemorrhaged to shockstatus and euthanized; no unexpected loss occurred. Significant differences were noted between baseline and shock states in blood gases for the following parameters: p H was significantly decreased in both arterial(7.39 ± 0.12 to 7.14 ± 0.18) and venous blood gases(7.35 ± 0.15 to 6.98 ± 0.26, P < 0.05), base deficit was significantly increased for arterial(-0.9 ± 3.9 m Eq/L vs-17.8 ± 2.2 m Eq/L) and venous blood gasses(-0.8 ± 3.8 m Eq/L vs-15.3 ± 4.1 m Eq/L, P < 0.05). p CO2 trends(baseline to shock) demonstrated a decrease in arterial blood(40.0 ± 9.1 mm Hg vs 28.9 ± 7.1 mm Hg) but an increase in venous blood(46.0 ± 10.1 mm Hg vs 62.8 ± 15.3 mm Hg), although these trends were non-significant. For calculated arteriovenous differences between baseline and shock states, only the p CO2 difference was shown to be significant during ***: In this rabbit model, significant differences exist in blood gas measurements for arterial and venous blood after hemorrhagic shock. A widened p CO2 a-v difference during hemorrhage, reflective of poor tissue oxygenation, may be a better indicator of impending shock.

关键词： Hemorrhagic shock pH Base deficit Arterial blood gases Venous blood gases

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Effectiveness of Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir with / without Ribavarin in Liver Transplant Recipients with Hepatitis C

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2017年第2期5卷 101-108页

作者： Sammy Saab Justin Rheem Melissa A.Jimenez Tiffany M.fong Michelle H.Mai Caterina A.Kachadoorian Negin L.Esmailzadeh Sherona N.Bau Susan Kang Samantha D.Ramirez Jonathan Grotts Gina Choi Francisco A.Durazo Mohammed M.El-Kabany Steven-Huy B.Han ronald W.Busuttil Departments of Medicine at the University of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles California USA Departments of Surgery at the University of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles California USA Department of Medicine at Harbor-University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center Torrance California USA Departments of Surgery at the University of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles California USA Department of Biostatistics at the University of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles California USA

Background and Aims:Recurrent infection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in liver transplant (LT) recipients is universal and associated with significant morbidity and ***:We retrospectively evaluated the safety and efficacy of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir with and without ribavirin in LT recipients with recurrent genotype 1 hepatitis ***:Eighty-five LT recipients were treated for recurrent HCV with ledipasvir/sofosbuvirwith and without ribavirin for 12 or 24 *** mean (± standard deviation [SD]) time from LT to treatment initiation was 68 (±71) *** mean (± SD) age of the cohort was 63 (±8.6) years *** recipients were male (70%).Baseline alanine transaminase,total bilirubin,and HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) values (± SD) were 76.8 (±126)mg/dL,0.8 (±1.3) U/L,and 8,010,421.9 (±12,420,985)IU/mL,*** of 43 recipients who were treated with ribavirin required drug cessation due to side effects,with 4 of those being anemia *** recipient discontinued the ledipasvir/***-one percent of recipients had undetectable viral levels at 4 weeks after starting therapy,and all recipients had complete viral suppression at the end of *** sustained viral response at 12 weeks after completion of therapy was 94%.Conclusion:Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir with and without ribavirin therapy is an effective and well-tolerated interferon-free treatment for recurrent HCV infection after *** is not uncommon in LT recipients receiving ribavirin.

关键词： Liver transplantation Immunosuppressant Hepatitis C Direct-acting agents Sustained viral response

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