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DroidEnemy: Battling adversarial example attacks for Android malware detection

Digital Communications and Networks 2022年第6期8卷 1040-1047页

作者： Neha Bala Aemun Ahmar Wenjia Li fernanda Tovar Arpit Battu Prachi Bambarkar Department of Computer Science New York Institute of TechnologyNew YorkNY10023USA

In recent years,we have witnessed a surge in mobile devices such as smartphones,tablets,smart watches,etc.,most of which are based on the Android operating ***,because these Android-based mobile devices are becoming increasingly popular,they are now the primary target of mobile malware,which could lead to both privacy leakage and property *** address the rapidly deteriorating security issues caused by mobile malware,various research efforts have been made to develop novel and effective detection mechanisms to identify and combat ***,in order to avoid being caught by these malware detection mechanisms,malware authors are inclined to initiate adversarial example attacks by tampering with mobile *** this paper,several types of adversarial example attacks are investigated and a feasible approach is proposed to fight against ***,we look at adversarial example attacks on the Android system and prior solutions that have been proposed to address these ***,we specifically focus on the data poisoning attack and evasion attack models,which may mutate various application features,such as API calls,permissions and the class label,to produce adversarial ***,we propose and design a malware detection approach that is resistant to adversarial *** observe and investigate how the malware detection system is influenced by the adversarial example attacks,we conduct experiments on some real Android application datasets which are composed of both malware and benign *** results clearly indicate that the performance of Android malware detection is severely degraded when facing adversarial example attacks.

关键词： Security Malware detection Adversarial example attack Data poisoning attack Evasi on attack Machine learning Android

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Magnitude of the contralateral efferent olivocochlear effect as a function of the frequency

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Journal of Otology 2022年第2期17卷 67-71页

作者： fernanda Anza Miranda Enzo Aguilar-Vidal Laboratorio de Audiología y Percepcion Auditiva Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileChile Escuela de Tecnología Medica Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileChile Departamento de Tecnología Medica Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileChile

Background:The activation of the medial olivocochlear reflex reduces the cochlear gain,which is manifested perceptually as decreased auditory ***,it has remained unclear whether the extent of this suppression varies according to the cochlear region *** we aims to assess the magnitude of contralateral efferent suppression across human cochlea,at low levels,and its impact on hearing ***:Assuming that acoustic stimulation activates the contralateral medial olivocochlear reflex,we evaluated the magnitude of the suppressive effect as a function of frequency in 17 subjects with normal *** thresholds were measured for bursts tones of various durations(10,100,and 500 ms)and frequencies(250,500,1000,4000,and 8000 Hz)in the presence or absence of contralateral white noise at 60 d B ***:We found that contralateral noise raised the absolute threshold for the burst tones *** effect was greater at lower than higher frequencies(3.85 d B at 250 Hz vs.2.22 d B at 8000 Hz).Conclusions:Our findings suggest that in humans,the magnitude of this suppression varies according to the cochlear region stimulated,with a greater effect towards the apex(lower frequencies)than the base(higher frequencies)of the cochlea.

关键词： Auditory perception Efferent system Medial olivocochlear reflex Absolute threshold

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Homotypic Vacuole Fusion Requires VTI11 and Is Regulated by Phosphoinositides

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Molecular Plant 2014年第6期7卷 1026-1040页

作者： Sang Won Han Maria fernanda Rodriguez-Welsh Marcela Rojas-Pierce Department of Plant and Microbial Biology North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA

Most plant cells contain a large central vacuole that is essential to maintain cellular turgor. We report a new mutant allele of VTI11 that implicates the SNARE protein VTI11 in homotypic fusion of protein storage and lytic vacuoles. Fusion of the multiple vacuoles present in vtill mutants could be induced by treatment with Wortmannin and LY294002, which are inhibitors of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase （PI3K）. We provide evidence that Phosphatidylinositol 3-Phosphate （Ptdlns（3）P） regulates vacuole fusion in vtill mutants, and that fusion of these vacuoles requires intact microtubules and actin filaments. Finally, we show that Wortmannin also induced the fusion of guard cell vacuoles in fava beans, where vacuoles are naturally fragmented after ABA-induced stomata closure. These results suggest a ubiquitous role of phosphoinositides in vacuole fusion, both during the development of the large central vacuole and during the dynamic vacuole remodeling that occurs as part of stomata movements.

关键词： vacuole SNARE phosphoinositides membrane fusion Wortmannin.

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Thulium fiber laser lithotripsy:Is it living up to the hype?

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Asian Journal of Urology 2023年第3期10卷 289-297页

作者： John Denstedt fernanda C.Gabrigna Berto Division of Urology Department of SurgeryWestern UniversitySchulich School of Medicine and DentistryLondon Canada

Objective:The holmium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet laser(Ho:YAG)has been the gold standard for laser lithotripsy over the last three *** demonstrating good in vitro efficacy,the thulium fiber laser(TFL)has been recently released in the market and the initial clinical results are *** article aims to review the main technology differences between the Ho:YAG laser and the TFL,discuss the initial clinical results with the TFL as well as the optimal settings for TFL ***:We reviewed the literature focusing on the technological aspects of the Ho:YAG laser and TFL as well as the results of in vitro and in vivo studies comparing both ***:In vitro studies show a technical superiority of TFL compared to the Ho:YAG laser and encouraging results have been demonstrated in clinical ***,as TFL is a new technology,limited studies are currently available,and the optimal settings for lithotripsy are not yet ***:TFL has the potential to be an alternative to the Ho:YAG laser,but more reports are still needed to determine the optimal laser for lithotripsy of urinary tract stones when considering all parameters including effectiveness,safety,and costs.

关键词： Urolithiasis Thulium fiber laser Holmium:yttriumaluminium-garnet laser Laser lithotripsy

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Genomic characterization of multidrug-resistant extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from grain culture soils

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Pedosphere 2022年第3期32卷 495-502页

作者： João Pedro Rueda FURLAN Inara fernanda Lage GALLO Eliana Guedes STEHLING Departamento de Análises Clínicas Toxicológicas e BromatológicasFaculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão PretoUniversidade de São PauloRibeirão PretoSão Paulo 14040-903(Brazil)

Multidrug-resistant(MDR)Escherichia coli,mainly extraintestinal pathogenic ***(ExPEC),has been widely reported in infections *** agricultural soils,manure is a hotspot for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes(ARGs)and pathogenic bacteria;however,MDR bacteria have also been reported in soils with no history of manure *** addition,cross-resistance and co-resistance have been described as responsible for the metal-driven selection of bacteria resistant to ***,the aim of this study was to analyze three MDR *** isolates obtained from Brazilian grain culture soil samples with no history of manure use by whole-genome *** MDR *** isolates were recovered from soils from corn and coffee fields,and presented resistance toβ-lactams,quinolones,aminoglycosides,tetracyclines,sulphonamides,and dihydrofolate reductase *** analysis showed ARGs to several antimicrobials(i.e.,β-lactams,tetracyclines,aminoglycosides,sulphonamides,trimethoprim,phenicols,fosfomycin,and macrolides)as well as several metal resistance genes and antibacterial biocide resistance *** addition,known mutations in quinolone-resistance-determining regions of GyrA(Ser83Leu and Asp87Asn),ParE(Ser458Thr),and ParC(Ser80Ile)were also *** analysis showed the presence of virulence genes(lpfA,mcmA,gad,mchF,iroN,cma,and iss)associated with ***-resistant ExPEC isolates were assigned to phylogenetic group *** presence of MDR B1-ExPEC in soil samples shows the ability of these isolates to survive in *** study reports for the first time some sequence types(i.e.,ST345,ST448,and ST1146)of MDR *** in Brazilian ***,these findings contribute to the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance and surveillance studies based on whole-genome sequencing worldwide.

关键词： antimicrobial resistance gene metal resistance gene molecular typing whole-genome sequencing

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Absence of galectin-3 attenuates neuroinflammation improving functional recovery after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第1期11卷 92-93页

作者： Caio Andrade Prins fernanda Martins Almeida Ana Maria Blanco Martinez Laboratorio de Neurodegeneracao e Reparo-Departamento de Patologia-Faculdade de Medicina-HUCFF-UFRJ-Rio de Janeiro-RJ Brazil Instituto de Ciencia Biomedicas UFRJRio de JaneiroRJBrazil

After spinal cord injury （SCI）, a cascade of events begins. At first, there is physical damage with disruption of the blood-brain barrier （BBB） and the integrity of the nervous tissue. The disruption of central ner- vous system （CNS） BBB alters the endothelial permeability, the protein and chemokines expression and the propensity to release in situ inflam- matory cytokines, overcoming anti-inflammatory signals, facilitating the attraction and entry of immune system cells into the injured spinal cord parenchyma （Gaudet et al., 2011）. As a result, there is a neuroin- flammatory response with changes in blood flow, edema, cell infiltra- tion, apoptosis and release of axonal growth inhibitory factors. Nerve function loss occurs when the nerve impulse propagation is interrupted and do not reach its target. This disorder encompasses neuron and glia apoptosis, accompanied by Wallerian degeneration of disconnected axons, and CNS cells exposure to a hostile microenvironment that hampers axon regeneration （Mautes et al., 2000; Harkey et al., 2003）.

关键词： galectin disruption permeability facilitating attraction cascade macrophages cytokines morphologic exposure

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Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine(SPARC)induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition,enhancing migration and invasion,and is associated with high Gleason score in prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第6期21卷 557-564页

作者： fernanda Lopez-Moncada Maria Jose Torres Enrique A Castellon Hector R Contreras Department of Basic and Clinic Oncology Faculty of Medic泊eUniversity of ChileSantiago 8389100Chile

Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine(SPARC)is a matricellular protein highly expressed in bone tissue that acts as achemoattractant factor promoting the arrival of prostate cancer(PCa)cells to the bone ***,the contribution of SPARCduring the early stages of tumor progression remains *** this study,we show that SPARC is highly expressed in PCa tissueswith a higher Gleason *** stable knockdown and overexpression of SPARC in PC3 and LNCaP cells,respectively,here wedem on strate that en doge nous SPARC induces the epithelial-mesenchymal tran sition(EMT),decreasing E-cadheri n and cytokeratin18 and increasing N-cadheri n and vime ***,SPARC in duces the expression of EMT regulatory tran scription factors Snailfamily transcriptional repressor 1(Snail),Snail family transcriptional repressor 2(Slug),and zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1(Zeb1).In addition,SPARC knockdown in PC3 cells decreases migration and invasion in vitro,without modifying cell *** results indicate that SPARC might facilitate tumor progression by modifying the cellular phenotype in cancer cells.

关键词： epithelial-mesenchymal transition invasion migration prostate cancer secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine(SPARC)

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Therapeutic effect of Streptococcus thermophilus CRL 1190-fermented milk on chronic gastritis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第13期16卷 1622-1630页

作者： Cecilia Rodríguez Marta Medici fernanda Mozzi Graciela Font de Valdez Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET Cátedra Microbiología Superior Facultad de Bioquímica Química y Farmacia Universidad Nacional de Tucumán

AIM: To investigate the potential therapeutic effect of exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing Streptococcus thermophilus (S. thermophilus) CRL 1190 fermented milk on chronic gastritis in Balb/c mice. METHODS: Balb/c mice were fed with the fermented milk for 7 d after inducing gastritis with acetyl-salicylic acid (ASA, 400 mg/kg body weight per day for 10 d). Omeprazole was included in this study as a positive therapeutic control. The gastric in? ammatory activity was evaluated from gastric histology and in? ammation score, number of interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon-γ (INFγ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) cytokine-producing cells in the gastric mucosa, and thickness of the mucus layer. RESULTS: Animals receiving treatment with the EPS-producing S. thermophilus CRL 1190 fermented milk showed a conserved gastric mucosa structure similar to that of healthy animals. In? ammation scores of the fermented milk-treated mice were lower than those of mice in the gastritis group (0.2 ± 0.03 vs 2.0 ± 0.6, P < 0.05). A marked decrease in INFγ+ (15 ± 1.0 vs 28 ± 1.2, P < 0.05) and TNF-α+ (16 ± 3.0 vs 33 ± 3.0, P < 0.05) cells and an increase in IL-10+ (28 ± 1.5 vs 14 ± 1.3, P < 0.05) cells compared to the gastritis group, was observed. Also, an increase in the thickness of the mucus gel layer (2.2 ± 0.6 vs 1.0 ± 0.3; 5.1 ± 0.8 vs 1.5 ± 0.4 in the corpus and antrum mucosa, respectively, P < 0.05) compared with the gastritis group was noted. A milk suspension of the purif ied EPS from S. thermophilus CRL1190 was also effective as therapy for gastritis.

关键词： Lactic acid bacteria Probiotics Gastritis Streptococcus thermophilus Exopolysaccharides

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Effects of maternal dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and methionine during late gestation on fetal growth,DNA methylation,and mRNA relative expression of genes associated with the inflammatory response,lipid metabolism and DNA methylation in placenta and offspring’s liver in sheep

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 611-625页

作者： Milca Rosa Velazquez fernanda Batistel Juan Manuel Pinos Rodriguez Alejandro Enrique Relling Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Veracruzana91710 VeracruzMexico Department of Animal Science Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center(OARDC)The Ohio State University114 Gerlaugh Hall1680 Madison AveWoosterOH 44691USA Department of Animal Dairy and Veterinary SciencesUtah State UniversityLoganUT 84322USA

Background:Omega-3 PUFA or methionine(Met)supply during gestation alters offspring ***,the effect of both nutrients on fetal development has not been *** objective was to determine the effects of supplementation of these two nutrients during late gestation on fetal growth,DNA methylation,and mRNA expression of genes associated with the inflammatory response,and DNA ***(n=5/treatment)were fed from day 100 to 145 of gestation one of the following treatments:1)basal diet(NS)without fatty acids(FS)or methionine(MS)supplementation;2)FS(10 g/kg Ca salts,source omega-3 PUFA);3)MS(1 g/kg rumen protected methionine);and 4)FS and MS(FS-MS).On day 145,ewes were euthanized,and data from dams and fetus was ***(cotyledon),fetal liver,and blood samples were ***:A treatments interaction on fetal liver weight,ewe body weight and body condition score(BCS)was observed;FS-MS were heavier(P<0.01)than FS and MS,and FS-MS ewes had a better(P=0.02)BCS than *** increased(P=0.03)ewe plasma glucose *** liver global DNA methylation increased(P<0.01)in FS and *** treatments modify the mRNA relative expression on some of the genes *** the fetal liver,FS increased(P=0.04)the mRNA relative expression of arachidonate-5-lipoxygenase-activatingprotein and tended to decrease(P=0.06)***,MS decreased(P=0.04)DNA-methyltransferase-1 and tended to decrease(P=0.08)free-fatty-acid-receptor-1 mRNA relative ***,FS-MS decreased mRNA relative expression of tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha(P=0.05),peroxisomeproliferator-activated-receptor-delta(P=0.03)and gamma(P=0.04),tended to decrease(P≤0.09)interleukin-6,fatty-acid-transport-protein-1,and delta-5-desaturase,and increased adenosylhomocysteinase(P=0.04)mRNA relative *** cotyledon,FS tended to decrease fatty acid binding protein 4(P=0.09)mRNA relative ***:Omega-3 PUFA and Met s

关键词： Fat supplementation Fetal programming Maternal nutrition Nutrients Rumen protected methionine

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Is there a window of opportunity for the therapeutic use of vitamin D in multiple sclerosis?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第9期17卷 1945-1954页

作者： Sofia fernanda Gonçalves Zorzella-Pezavento Luiza Ayumi Nishiyama Mimura Marina Bonifácio Denadai William Danilo Fernandes de Souza Thais fernanda de Campos Fraga-Silva Alexandrina Sartori Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences Institute of BiosciencesSão Paulo State University(UNESP)BotucatuSão PauloBrazil

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune treatable but not curable *** are a multiplicity of medications for multiple sclerosis therapy,including a class entitled disease-modifying drugs that are mainly indicated to reduce the number and severity of disease *** all patients respond well to these therapies,and minor to severe adverse effects have been *** D,called sunshine vitamin,is being studied as a possible light at the end of the *** this review,we recapitulated the similar immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,the immunomodulatory and neuroprotective potential of vitamin D and the state-of-art concerning its supplementation to multiple sclerosis ***,based on our and other groups’experimental findings,we analyzed the need to consider the relevance of the route and the different time-point administration aspects for a more rational indication of this vitamin to multiple sclerosis patients.

关键词： central nervous system cytokines experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis immunomodulation immunopathogenesis inflammation multiple sclerosis neuroprotection regulatory T cells vitamin D

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