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Effects of gallium surfactant on AlN thin films by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第9期45卷 53-60页

作者： Lu Wang Xulei qin li Zhang Kun Xu feng yang Shaoqian Lu Yifei li Bosen liu Guohao Yu Zhongming Zeng Baoshun Zhang School of physics Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130013China Nanofabrication Facility Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China

In this work, AlN films were grown using gallium (Ga) as surfactant on 4° off-axis 4H-SiC substrates via microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD). We have found that AlN growth rate can be greatly improved due to the catalytic effect of trimethyl-gallium (TMGa), but AlN crystal structure and composition are not affected. When the proportion of TMGa in gas phase was low, crystal quality of AlN can be improved and three-dimensional growth mode of AlN was enhanced with the increase of Ga source. When the proportion of TMGa in gas phase was high, two-dimensional growth mode of AlN was presented, with the increase of Ga source results in the deterioration of AlN crystal quality. Finally, employing a two-step growth approach, involving the initial growth of Ga-free AlN nucleation layer followed by Ga-assisted AlN growth, high quality of AlN film with flat surface was obtained and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) values of 415 nm AlN (002) and (102) planes were 465 and 597 arcsec.

关键词： AlN thin film MPCVD gallium surfactant nucleation layer laser

Artificial Bear Bile:A Novel Approach to Balancing Medical Requirements and Animal Welfare

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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 100-112页

作者： Yong li Yuhong Huang Nan feng Heping Zhang Jing Qu Shuanggang Ma Yunbao liu Jiang li Shaofeng Xu ling Wang Mi Zhang Jie Cai Weiping Wang Ru feng Hang Yu Bo Yu Dailiang liang Heping qin Suxiang Luo Yanfen li Meifeng li Ruihua Wang Chen Ma Yan Wang Xiaobo Cen Xiaoxian Xu Boli Zhang Xiaoliang Wang Shishan Yu State key laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional chinese Medicine Tianjin 300250China Zhongshan Belling Biotechnology Co. Ltd.Zhongshan 528437China Zhongshan Anshi Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd.Zhongshan 528437China Westchina-Frontier Pharma Tech Co. Ltd.Chengdu 610041China Tianjin University of Traditional chinese Medicine Tianjin 301617China

Bear bile has been a valuable and effective medicinal material in traditional chinese medicine(TCM)for over 13 ***,the current practice of obtaining it through bear farming is under scrutiny for its adverse impact on bear ***,we present a new approach for creating artificial bear bile(ABB)as a high-quality and sustainable alternative to natural bear *** study addresses the scientific challenges of creating bear bile alternatives through interdisciplinary collaborations across various fields,including resources,chemistry,biology,medicine,pharmacology,and TCM.A comprehensive efficacy assessment system that bridges the gap between TCM and modern medical terminology has been established,allowing for the systematic screening of therapeutic *** the utilization of chemical synthesis and enzyme engineering technologies,our research has achieved the environmentally friendly,large-scale production of bear bile therapeutic compounds,as well as the optimization and recomposition of ABB *** resulting ABB not only closely resembles natural bear bile in its composition but also offers advantages such as consistent product quality,availability of raw materials,and independence from threatened or wild *** preclinical efficacy evaluations have demonstrated the equivalence of the therapeutic effects from ABB and those from commercially available drained bear bile(DBB).Furthermore,preclinical toxicological assessment and phase I clinical trials show that the safety of ABB is on par with that of the currently used *** innovative strategy can serve as a new research paradigm for developing alternatives for other endangered TCMs,thereby strengthening the integrity and sustainability of TCM.

关键词： Artificial bear bile chemical profile Formula optimization Pharmacodynamic consistency Preclinical toxicological assessment

EPR STUDY OF THE FORMATION OF[li^+O^-]ION PAIR ON li-DOPED ZnO

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chinese chemical Letters 1993年第3期4卷 251-254页

作者： Ting Lu yang liang Bo feng Shi Kong SHEN Han qin Wang State key laboratory of Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation,Lanzhou institute of chemical physics,chinese academy of sciences,Lanzhou 730000

In this letter the study of li-doped zinc oxide by electron paramagnetic resonance method is described.A signal observed at g_=2.013,g_=1.955 on the degassed sample at 923K was designated to F_s^+ centers(surface oxygen ion vacancies with a single trapped electron).When the sample was quenched from 1003K into liquid oxygen at 77K under 24 KPa O_2,[li^+O^-] ion pairs valued at g_=2.026 and g=2.003 with superhyperfine constant a=2.0G,which resulted from ~7li nucleus,formed at li^+-substitutional site in ZnO lattice.A probable mechanism of [li^+O^-]ion pair formation was proposed.

关键词： li EPR STUDY OF THE FORMATION OF[li ION PAIR ON li-DOPED ZnO ZnO

The 2022 report of synergetic roadmap on carbon neutrality and clean air for china:Accelerating transition in key sectors

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第3期19卷 4-18页

作者： Yu Lei Zhicong Yin Xi Lu Qiang Zhang Jicheng Gong Bofeng Cai Cilan Cai Qimin Chai Huopo Chen Renjie Chen Shi Chen Wenhui Chen Jing Cheng Xiyuan Chi Hancheng Dai Xiangzhao feng Guannan Geng Jianlin Hu Shan Hu Cunrui Huang Tiantian li Wei li Xiaomei li Jun liu xin liu Zhu liu Jinghui Ma Yue qin Dan Tong Xuhui Wang Xuying Wang Rui Wu qingyang Xiao yang Xie Xiaolong Xu Tao Xue Haipeng Yu Da Zhang Ning Zhang Shaohui Zhang Shaojun Zhang Xian Zhang xin Zhang Zengkai Zhang Bo Zheng Yixuan Zheng Jian Zhou Tong Zhu Jinnan Wang Kebin He Center of Air Quality Simulation and System Analysis Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing100041China Center for Carbon Neutrality Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing100041China key laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China State key Joint laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Ministry of Education key laboratory for Earth System Modelling Department of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China State key Joint laboratory for Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering and Center for Environment and HealthPeking UniversityBeijing100871China National Center for Climate Change Strategy and International CooperationBeijing100035China Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China School of Public Health Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan UniversityShanghai200032China School of Economics and Management Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Department of Earth System Science University of CaliforniaIrvineCA92697USA National Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China College of Environmental sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Policy Research Center for Environment and Economy Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of ChinaBeijing100029China Jiangsu key laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring

china is now confronting the intertwined challenges of air pollution and climate *** the high synergies between air pollution abatement and climate change mitigation,the chinese government is actively promoting synergetic control of these two *** Synergetic Roadmap project was launched in 2021 to track and analyze the progress of synergetic control in china by developing and monitoring key *** Synergetic Roadmap 2022 report is the first annual update,featuring 20 indicators across five aspects:synergetic governance system and practices,progress in structural transition,air pollution and associated weather-climate interactions,sources,sinks,and mitigation pathway of atmospheric composition,and health impacts and benefits of coordinated *** to the comprehensive review presented in the 2021 report,the Synergetic Roadmap 2022 report places particular emphasis on progress in 2021 with highlights on actions in key sectors and the relevant *** milestones include the proportion of non-fossil power generation capacity surpassing coal-fired capacity for the first time,a decline in the production of crude steel and cement after years of growth,and the surging penetration of electric ***,in 2022,china issued the first national policy that synergizes abatements of pollution and carbon emissions,marking a new era for china's pollution-carbon *** changes highlight china's efforts to reshape its energy,economic,and transportation structures to meet the demand for synergetic control and sustainable ***,the country has witnessed a slowdown in carbon emission growth,improved air quality,and increased health benefits in recent years.

关键词： Synergetic roadmap Carbon neutrality Clean air

Melatonin decreases GSDME mediated mesothelial cell pyroptosis and prevents peritoneal fibrosis and ultrafiltration failure

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Science china(life sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 360-378页

作者： Hongxia Ruan Xuejuan li lina Zhou Zihan Zheng Rulin Hua Xu Wang Yuan Wang Yujie Fan Shuwen Guo lihua Wang Shafiq ur Rahman Ziwei Wang Yuyuan Wei Shuangyan Yu Rongzhi Zhang Qian Cheng Jie Sheng Xue li Xiaoyan liu Ruqiang Yuan Xiaoyan Zhang lihong Chen Guowang Xu Youfei Guan Jing Nie Hongqiang qin feng Zheng Advanced institute for Medical sciences Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116044China Department of Nephrology Second HospitalDalian Medical UniversityDalian 116023China CAS key laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China Chongqing International institute for Immunology Chongqing 401320China Department of Nephrology Shenzhen HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityShenzhen 518101China Wuhu Hospital and Health Science Center East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Peking University First Hospital Peking UniversityBeijing 100034China

Peritoneal fibrosis together with increased capillaries is the primary cause of peritoneal dialysis *** cell loss is an initiating event for peritoneal *** find that the elevated glucose concentrations in peritoneal dialysate drive mesothelial cell pyroptosis in a manner dependent on caspase-3 and Gasdermin E,driving downstream inflammatory responses,including the activation of ***,pyroptosis is associated with elevated vascular endothelial growth factor A and C,two key factors in vascular angiogenesis and lymphatic vessel *** deficiency mice are protected from high glucose induced peritoneal fibrosis and ultrafiltration *** of melatonin abrogates mesothelial cell pyroptosis through a MT1R-mediated action,and successfully reduces peritoneal fibrosis and angiogenesis in an animal model while preserving dialysis ***,melatonin treatment maintains mitochondrial integrity in mesothelial cells,meanwhile activating m TOR signaling through an increase in the glycolysis product dihydroxyacetone *** effects together with quenching free radicals by melatonin help mesothelial cells maintain a relatively stable internal environment in the face of high-glucose ***,Melatonin treatment holds some promise in preserving mesothelium integrity and in decreasing angiogenesis to protect peritoneum function in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.

关键词： melatonin mitochondria pyroptosis GSDME peritoneal fibrosis mTOR

基于高分辨质谱技术的黄芪多糖APS-Ⅱ酶解活性寡糖特征分支位点的研究

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药学学报 2024年第7期59卷 2108-2116页

作者：刘宇冲李虎峰李科秦雪梅杜昱光李震宇山西大学中医药现代研究中心山西太原030006 山西大学化学生物学与分子工程教育部重点实验室山西太原030006 地产中药功效物质研究与利用山西省重点实验室山西太原030006 中国科学院过程工程研究所北京100190

黄芪多糖是黄芪中免疫调节活性最强,含量最为丰富的物质,具有抗肿瘤、抗病毒、免疫促进等多种生物活性,临床应用广泛。前期研究发现黄芪多糖主要由2种不同相对分子质量多糖APS-Ⅰ(>2000 kDa)、APS-Ⅱ(10 kDa)组成,APS-Ⅱ(10 kDa)为黄芪... 详细信息

黄芪多糖是黄芪中免疫调节活性最强,含量最为丰富的物质,具有抗肿瘤、抗病毒、免疫促进等多种生物活性,临床应用广泛。前期研究发现黄芪多糖主要由2种不同相对分子质量多糖APS-Ⅰ(>2000 kDa)、APS-Ⅱ(10 kDa)组成,APS-Ⅱ(10 kDa)为黄芪多糖中活性最强组分,并采用α-1,4-葡聚糖内切酶将APS-Ⅱ降解为寡糖,通过体外免疫活性筛选发现2~9糖整体免疫活性较低,而10~14糖具有较强的免疫活性,且活性优于未降解的APS-Ⅱ。为了探究APS-Ⅱ降解寡糖发挥免疫活性的关键结构,本文采用MALDI-TOF-MS生物质谱以及高分辨质谱仪器ESIQ Exactive-MS对APS酶解寡糖进行解析,通过对比发现10~14糖中存在1→4和1→6两种连接方式共存的支链结构,推测1→4和1→6两种连接方式共存的支链结构为APS-Ⅱ发挥免疫活性的关键结构,为黄芪多糖和寡糖的构效关系研究奠定理论基础。

关键词： APS-Ⅱ 酶解连接方式结构解析高分辨质谱

Spectral Feature Analysis of Semiconductor Thin Disk Laser

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光机电信息 2007年第12期24卷 19-25页

作者： (HE Chun-feng1, qin li2, li Jun1, CHENG li-wen1, liANG Xue-mei1, NING Yong-qiang2, WANG li-jun2 1. key Laboratary of Excited State Processes, Changchun institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and physics, chinese academy of sciences,Changchun 130033, china Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100049, china 2. key Laboratary of Excited State Processes, Changchun institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and physics, chinese academy of sciences, Changchun 130033,china.) key Laboratary of Excited State Processes Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130033 China Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China key Laboratary of Excited State Processes Changchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130033China

The semiconductor thin disk laser is a new type of semiconductor laser. This work gives the basic operation function of the semiconductor disk laser, and analyses the heat effect by the experimentally measured photoluminescence spectrum of the laser chip at different pump power and different temperatures. We can see that: with increasing pump power, the thermal effect of the gain material becomes seriously and causes the saturation of carrier lifetime, so the electron-hole pair created in the absorbtion layer has no enough time to rate to one of the wells, and the non-radiative recombination happens in the barrier. When the thermal effect becomes stronger, the chip will be not lasing. This phenomenon is from the smaller energy offset between barrier and quantum well. We optimize the original structure design and experimental technology. A non-absorbing AlGaAs layer which is transparent to the pumping and laser wavelength is added to confine the carriers in the quantum wells. At the same time a DBR with double reflecting band is induced to improve the absorbing efficiency of the pumping light. The single QW is replaced by the three narrow QWs. This three QWs structure can add the quantum state of QW, increase the recombination probability of carriers in the QWs and reduce the heat effect. The chemical etching equipment is also improved to control the surface unevenness to be within 50 nm.

关键词： thin disk laser heat effect PL spectrum, active region heat removal gain barrier spectral shift

黄芪多糖APS-Ⅱ在M细胞上的转运吸收机制初探

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药学学报 2024年第10期59卷 2820-2827页

作者：吕弯弯李科冯仕红文雨薇秦雪梅杜昱光李震宇山西大学中医药现代研究中心山西太原030006 山西大学化学生物学与分子工程教育部重点实验室山西太原030006 地产中药功效物质研究与利用山西省重点实验室山西太原030006 中国科学院过程工程研究所北京100190

通过建立M细胞模型,探究黄芪多糖APS-Ⅱ在体内的吸收机制。首先将黄芪多糖(Astragalus polysaccharides,APS)通过超滤法分为2种不同相对分子质量多糖APS-I(>2000 kDa)和APS-II(10 kDa),并制备出黄芪多糖APS-Ⅱ(10 kDa),然后对其进行荧... 详细信息

通过建立M细胞模型,探究黄芪多糖APS-Ⅱ在体内的吸收机制。首先将黄芪多糖(Astragalus polysaccharides,APS)通过超滤法分为2种不同相对分子质量多糖APS-I(>2000 kDa)和APS-II(10 kDa),并制备出黄芪多糖APS-Ⅱ(10 kDa),然后对其进行荧光标记;同时通过Caco-2细胞和Raji细胞构建M细胞模型,并对其进行模型验证。采用转运抑制剂对M细胞模型进行处理,探究黄芪多糖APS-Ⅱ在M细胞上的转运情况。结果显示,通过结构与活性验证FITC已成功标记到了APS-Ⅱ的末端,同时M细胞模型构建成功,并发现APS-Ⅱ可以被M细胞所转运,通过5-(N-乙基-N-异丙基)阿米洛利(EIPA)、染料木素(genistein)、dynasore和诺考达唑(nocodazole)4种转运抑制剂说明APS-Ⅱ可能通过网格蛋白和小窝蛋白介导的内吞作用进入细胞。

关键词：黄芪多糖APS-Ⅱ M细胞转运抑制剂吸收机制

黄芪多糖APS-Ⅰ、APS-Ⅱ制备及其对溃疡性结肠炎小鼠抗炎活性

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中草药 2024年第14期55卷 4759-4770页

作者：文雨薇李科吕弯弯冯仕红秦雪梅杜昱光李震宇山西大学中医药现代研究中心山西太原030006 山西大学化学生物学与分子工程教育部重点实验室山西太原030006 地产中药功效物质研究与利用山西省重点实验室山西太原030006 中国科学院过程工程研究所北京100190

目的从黄芪多糖(Astragalus polysaccharides,APS)中分离制备出2种多糖APS-Ⅰ(相对分子质量>2×10~6)、APS-Ⅱ(相对分子质量1×10~4),明确APS、APS-Ⅰ、APS-Ⅱ对葡聚糖硫酸钠(dextran sulphate sodium,DSS)诱导的小鼠溃疡性结肠炎的疗效。方法对APS-Ⅰ、APS-Ⅱ进行分离制备,并进行相对分子质量、糖醛酸含量、单糖组成以及糖苷键连接方式测定。建立BALB/c小鼠溃疡性结肠炎模型,分别给予APS、APS-Ⅰ、APS-Ⅱ,记录小鼠疾病活动指数(disease activity index,DAI)评分、结肠长度、脾脏指数、肝脏指数;采用苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察结肠组织病理变化;测定结肠组织髓过氧化物酶(myeloperoxidase,MPO)活性和Th1相关细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、γ干扰素(interferon-γ,IFN-γ)以及Th2相关细胞因子白细胞介素-4(interleukin-4,IL-4)、IL-10水平;采用qRT-PCR检测结肠组织TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-4、IL-10 mRNA表达;免疫组化法测定结肠组织T细胞特异性转录因子(transcription factor T-bet,T-bet)、GATA结合蛋白3(GATA binding protein 3,GATA-3)蛋白表达,比较APS、APS-Ⅰ、APS-Ⅱ疗效。结果APS中共有2个组分APS-Ⅰ、APS-Ⅱ,其相对分子质量分别为>2×10~6、1×10~4,糖醛酸质量分数分别为26.25%、1.62%。单糖结果显示,APS-Ⅰ和APS-Ⅱ均由甘露糖、鼠李糖、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖组成,APS-Ⅰ中甘露糖、阿拉伯糖和半乳糖占比均大于APS-Ⅱ。糖苷键结果显示,APS-Ⅰ以1,4连接的葡萄糖和1,6连接的半乳糖为主,APS-Ⅱ以1,4连接的葡萄糖为主。与模型组比较,APS-Ⅰ可显著改善结肠长度降低、体质量减轻、DAI评分增加、脾脏和肝脏指数增加等临床症状(P<0.05、0.01、0.001),减轻结肠组织病理损伤,降低结肠组织中MPO活性及TNF-α、IFN-γ水平(P<0.01、0.001),升高结肠组织中IL-4、IL-10水平(P<0.05、0.01、0.001),下调结肠组织TNF-α、IFN-γmRNA表达和T-bet蛋白表达(P<0.05、0.001),上调IL-4、IL-10 m RNA表达和GATA-3蛋白表达(P<0.05、0.01)。而APS-Ⅱ在MPO活性、IFN-γ水平以及IL-4、IL-10 mRNA表达和T-bet、GATA-3蛋白表达方面与模型组相比无显著差异。结果表明APS-Ⅰ对溃疡性结肠炎的治疗效果优于APS-Ⅱ。结论APS-Ⅰ是APS治疗溃疡性结肠炎的主要成分,其活性可能与其糖醛酸含量、多糖的种类以及糖苷键连接方式有关,APS-Ⅰ治疗溃疡性结肠炎可能通过调节Th1/Th2免疫平衡实现。

关键词：黄芪多糖黄芪多糖-Ⅰ 黄芪多糖-Ⅱ 甘露糖鼠李糖半乳糖醛酸葡萄糖半乳糖阿拉伯糖溃疡性结肠炎 Th1/Th2免疫平衡