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Corporate Credit Ratings Based on Hierarchical Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第2期21卷 257-271页

作者： Bo-Jing feng Xi Cheng Hao-Nan Xu Wen-fang Xue Center for Research on Intelligent Perception and Computing National Laboratory of Pattern RecognitionInstitute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

order to help investors understand the credit status of target corporations and reduce investment risks,the corporate credit rating model has become an important evaluation tool in the financial market.These models are based on statistical learning,machine learning and deep learning especially graph neural networks(GNNs).However,we found that only few models take the hierarchy,heterogeneity or unlabeled data into account in the actual corporate credit rating process.Therefore,we propose a novel framework named hierarchical heterogeneous graph neural networks(HHGNN),which can fully model the hierarchy of corporate features and the heterogeneity of relationships between corporations.In addition,we design an adversarial learning block to make full use of the rich unlabeled samples in the financial data.Extensive experiments conducted on the public-listed corporate rating dataset prove that HHGNN achieves SOTA compared to the baseline methods.

关键词： Corporate credit rating hierarchical relation heterogeneous graph neural networks adversarial learning

Characteristics and triggering mechanisms of early negative Indian Ocean Dipole

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第3期43卷 59-65页

作者： Yue fang Shuangwen Sun Yongcan Zu Jianhu Wang Lin feng First Institute of Oceanography and Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical ModelingMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdao 266237China Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling Qingdao 266061China

Negative Indian Ocean Dipole(nIOD)can exert great impacts on global climate and can also strongly influence the climate in China.Early nIOD is a major type of nIOD,which can induce more pronounced climate anomalies in summer than La Niña-related nIOD.However,the characteristics and triggering mechanisms of early nIOD are unclear.Our results based on reanalysis datasets indicate that the early nIOD and La Niña-related nIOD are the two major types of nIOD,and the former accounts for over one third of all the nIOD events in the past six decades.These two types of nIODs are similar in their intensities,but are different in their spatial patterns and seasonal cycles.The early nIOD,which develops in spring and peaks in summer,is one season earlier than the La Niña-related nIOD.The spatial pattern of the wind anomaly associated with early nIOD exhibits a winter monsoon-like pattern,with strong westerly anomalies in the equatorial Indian Ocean and eastly anomalies in the northern Indian Ocean.Opposite to the triggering mechanism of early positve IOD,the early nIOD is induced by delayed Indian summer monsoon onset.The results of this study are helpful for improving the prediction skill of IOD and its climate impacts.

关键词： Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD) triggering mechanism Indian summer monsoon seasonal cycle negative IOD

Synchronous deprotonation–protonation for mechanically robust chitin/aramid nanofibers conductive aerogel with excellent pressure sensing, thermal management, and electromagnetic interference shielding

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 2038-2049页

作者： Xinxin Zhang Kunpeng Qian Jianhui fang Sineenat Thaiboonrod Miao Miao Xin feng Department of Chemistry College of SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Research Center of Nano Science and Technology College of SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China School of Materials Sciences and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China National Nanotechnology Center(NANOTEC) National Science and Technology Development Agency(NSTDA)Thailand Science ParkPathum Thani 12120Thailand

Aerogels with regularly porous structure and uniformly distributed conductive networks have received extensive attention in wearable electronic sensors,electromagnetic shielding,and so on.However,the poor mechanical properties of the emerging nanofibers-based aerogels are limited in practical applications.In this work,we developed a synchronous deprotonation–protonation method in the KOH/dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)system at room temperature for achieving chitin cross-linked aramid nanofibers(CANFs)rather than chitin nanofibers(ChNFs)and aramid nanofibers(ANFs)separately by using chitin and aramid pulp as raw materials.After freeze-drying process,the cross-linked chitin/aramid nanofibers(CA)aerogel exhibited the synergetic properties of ChNF and ANF by the dual-nanofiber compensation strategy.The mechanical stress of CA aerogel was 170 kPa at 80%compressive strain,increased by 750%compared with pure ChNF aerogel.Similarly,the compressibility of CA aerogel was somewhat improved compared to ANF aerogel.The enhancement verified that the crosslinking reaction between ANF and ChNF during the synchronous deprotonation process was formed.Afterwards,the conductive aerogels with uniform porous structure(CA-M)were successfully obtained by vacuum impregnating CA aerogels in Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene solution,displaying low thermal conductivity(0.01 W/(m·K)),high electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding effectiveness(SE)(75 dB),flame retardant,and heat insulation.Meanwhile,the as-obtained CA-M aerogels were also applied as a pressure sensor with excellent compression cycle stability and superior human motion monitoring capabilities.As a result,the dual-nanofiber based conductive aerogels have great potentials in flexible/wearable electronics,EMI shielding,flame retardant,and heat insulation.

关键词： synchronous deprotonation–protonation electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding flame retardant heat insulation pressure sensing

Buckling Properties of Water-Drop-Shaped Pressure Hulls with Various Shape Indices Under Hydrostatic External Pressure

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第1期38卷 1-17页

作者： DING Xiao-de ZHANG Jian WANG fang JIAO Hui-feng WANG Ming-lu School of Mechanical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Marine Renewable Energy College of Engineering Science and Technol-ogyShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China China Ship Scientific Research Center Wuxi 214082China

The water-drop-shaped pressure hull has a good streamline,which has good application prospect in the underwater observatory.Therefore,this study conducted analytical,experimental and numerical investigation of the buckling properties of water-drop-shaped pressure hulls under hydrostatic pressure.A water-drop experiment was conducted to design water-drop-shaped pressure hulls with various shape indices.The critical loads for the water-drop-shaped pressure hulls were resolved by using Mushtari’s formula.Several numerical simulations including linear buckling analysis and nonlinear buckling analysis including eigenmode imperfections were performed.The results indicated that the critical loads resolved by Mushtari's formula were in good agreement with the linear buckling loads from the numerical simulations.This formula can be extended to estimate the buckling capacity of water-drop-shaped pressure hulls.In addition,three groups of pressure hulls were fabricated by using stereolithography,a rapid prototyping technique.Subsequently,three groups of the pressure hulls were subjected to ultrasonic measurements,optical scanning,hydrostatic testing and numerical analysis.The experimental results were consistent with the numerical results.The results indicate that the sharp end of the water-drop-shaped pressure hulls exhibited instability compared with the blunt end.This paper provides a new solution to the limitations of experimental studies on the water-drop-shaped pressure hulls as well as a new configuration and evaluation method for underwater observatories.

关键词： buckling pressure hull water drop underwater observatory

Quantifying peripapillary vessel density and retinal nerve fibre layer in type 1 diabetic children without clinically detectable retinopathy using OCTA

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第2期17卷 278-281页

作者： Ling Chen Yun feng Sha-Sha Zhang Yan-fang Liu Ping Lin Xi’an Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710002Shaanxi ProvinceChina

AIM:To quantify changes in radial peripapillary capillary vessel density(ppVD)and the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(pRNFL)in children with type 1 diabetes without clinical diabetic retinopathy by optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),providing a basis for early retinopathy in children with type 1 diabetes.METHODS:This was a retrospective study.A total of 30 patients(3–14y)with type 1 diabetes without clinical diabetic retinopathy(NDR group)were included.A total of 30 age-matched healthy subjects were included as the normal control group(CON group).The HbA1c level in the last 3mo was measured once in the NDR group.The pRNFL thickness and ppVD were automatically measured,and the mean pRNFL and ppVD were calculated in the nasal,inferior,temporal,and superior quadrants.The changes in ppVD and pRNFL in the two groups were analyzed.RESULTS:Compared with CON group,the nasal and superior ppVDs decreased in the NDR group(all P0.05).Person and Spearman correlation analysis of ppVD and pRNFL thickness in each quadrant of the NDR group showed a positive correlation between nasal and superior(all P0.05).There was no significant correlation between the HbA1c level and ppVD and pRNFL in any quadrant(all P>0.05).There was no significant correlation between the course of diabetes mellitus and ppVD and pRNFL in any quadrant(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION:ppVD and pRNFL decrease in eyes of children with type 1 diabetes before clinically detectable retinopathy and OCTA is helpful for early monitoring.

关键词： diabetic retinopathy children peripapillary vessel density peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer optical coherence tomography angiography

Enantioselective Synthesis of Benzimidazole Atropisomers Featuring a N-N Axis

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第7期42卷 711-718页

作者： fang-Bei Ge Qi-Kun Yin Chuan-Jun Lu Xuan Xuan Jia feng Ren-Rong Liu College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong 266071China School of Pharmacy Key Laboratory of Mlecular Pharmacoogy and Drug EvaluationMinistry of EducationYantai Universit YantaiShandong 264005China

Atroposelective synthesis of N-N atropisomers is an emerging area but remains underexplored;in particular,the synthesis of N-N benzimidazole atropisomers is still unprecedented.Herein,the first enantioselective synthesis of N-N benzimidazole atropisomers via the palladium-catalyzed de novo construction of benzimidazole skeleton is presented.With readily available palladium catalyst and biphosphine ligand,a broad range of nonbiaryl benzimidazole and indole-benzimidazole atropisomers were conveniently ac-cessed in high yields and with excellent enantioselectivities.Significantly,these N-N benzimidazole atropisomers showed great anti-tumor activity and selectivity to breast cancer MCF-7 cells.The simple catalytic system,broad substrate scope,high enantioselectivi-ty,and good bioactivity make this approach highly attractive.

关键词： Asymmetric synthesis Atropisomerism Palladium Benzimidazole Antitumor

A Low Cost, Green Sustainable and Biodegradable Biomass-based Fluorine-free Water and Oil Repellent

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第4期42卷 480-491页

作者： Zhi-Wei Shen Shu-feng Hu Chen Zeng Wei-Qing Kong Mei-fang Zhu State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers&Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering School of Light Industry and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510630China

With the global ban on plastics intensifying, the substitution of plastic with paper has garnered increasing attention. However, the inadequate water and oil repellency of pulp molding hinders its practical applications. Currently, the common method to enhance the oil and water repellency of pulp molding is by adding fluorinated water and oil repellents. Nevertheless, fluorinated compounds are environmentally and physiologically harmful. Therefore, the development of fluorine-free, water and oil repellent alternatives is crucial. In this study, chitosan and stearic acid were utilized as the first and second layers of the oil and water repellent coatings, respectively. The coated samples exhibited favorable water repellency, with a water contact angle of 116.4°, and excellent oil repellency, achieving a 12/12 rating on the kit scale. Importantly, the samples did not exhibit any leakage after being soaked in hot water and hot oil at 95±5℃ for 30 min, demonstrating remarkable performance as a barrier against hot water and oil. Moreover, the coated samples displayed outstanding mechanical properties, thermal stability, biodegradability, and recyclability. The approach presented in this study is simple, cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and represents a promising technique for producing fluoride-free, oil-and water-resistant pulp molding products.

关键词： Biomass Fluoride-free Oil-andwater-resistant Plasticfree

Estrogen receptor beta suppresses the androgen receptor oncogenic effects in triple-negative breast cancer

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第3期137卷 338-349页

作者： feng Xu Kun Xu Lingling Fan Xintong Li Yiqiu Liu fang Yang Chengjun Zhu Xiaoxiang Guan Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210029China Department of Oncology Jiangsu Cancer HospitalThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityJiangsu Institute of Cancer ResearchNanjingJiangsu 210009China The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210008China Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers Prevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China

Background:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is an aggressive type of breast cancer associated with poor prognosis and limited treatment options.The androgen receptor(AR)has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for luminal androgen receptor(LAR)TNBC.However,multiple studies have claimed that anti-androgen therapy for AR-positive TNBC only has limited clinical benefits.This study aimed to investigate the role of AR in TNBC and its detailed mechanism.Methods:Immunohistochemistry and TNBC tissue sections were applied to investigate AR and nectin cell adhesion molecule 4(NECTIN4)expression in TNBC tissues.Then,in vitro and in vivo assays were used to explore the function of AR and estrogen receptor beta(ERβ)in TNBC.Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing(ChIP-seq),co-immunoprecipitation(co-IP),molecular docking method,and luciferase reporter assay were performed to identify key molecules that affect the function of AR.Results:Based on the TNBC tissue array analysis,we revealed that ERβand AR were positive in 21.92%(32/146)and 24.66%(36/146)of 146 TNBC samples,respectively,and about 13.70%(20/146)of TNBC patients were ERβpositive and AR positive.We further demonstrated the pro-tumoral effects of AR on TNBC cells,however,the oncogenic biology was significantly suppressed when ERβtransfection in LAR TNBC cell lines but not in AR-negative TNBC.Mechanistically,we identified that NECTIN4 promoter–42 bp to–28 bp was an AR response element,and that ERβinteracted with AR thus impeding the AR-mediated NECTIN4 transcription which promoted epithelial–mesenchymal transition in tumor progression.Conclusions:This study suggests that ERβfunctions as a suppressor mediating the effect of AR in TNBC prognosis and cell proliferation.Therefore,our current research facilitates a better understanding of the role and mechanisms of AR in TNBC carcinogenesis.

关键词： Androgen receptor Estrogen receptor beta Triple-negative breast cancer NECTIN4 Oncogenic effects Tumor progression

Achieving a remarkable low-temperature tensile ductility in a high-strength tungsten alloy

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Tungsten 2024年第1期6卷 150-161页

作者： Xiang Cheng Zhuo-Ming Xie Xue-feng Xie Long-Fei Zeng Rui Liu Jun-feng Yang Xue-Bang Wu Xian-Ping Wang Chang-Song Liu Qiang-feng fang Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Institute of Solid State PhysicsHFIPSChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China

Hot-swaging yields a high ultimate tensile strength of 712 MPa but a limited tensile ductility with the total elongation of3.6%at a testing temperature of 200℃in a representative W-0.5wt.%ZrC alloy.In this work,the evolution of Vickers microhardness with annealing temperatures is investigated in detail,which contributes to a rough index chart to guide the search for an optimized post-annealing temperature.Through the post-annealing around 1300℃,an outstanding tensile ductility at200℃,including a uniform elongation of 14%and a total elongation of~25%,has been achieved without the sacrifice of its strength.The evolution of dislocations and grain structures with the annealing temperatures accessed through backscattered scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope analysis reveals that the improved low-temperature tensile ductility has resulted from the reduction of residual dislocations and dislocation tanglement via the static recovery,which provides more room to accommodate dislocations,and hence stronger strain hardening ability and tensile ductility.

关键词： Tungsten Low-temperature ductility Annealing Dislocations