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Tandem catalysis of Cu/Ni multi-sites promotes oxygen reduction reaction

Science China Materials 2024年第9期67卷 2934-2940页

作者： Bin-Bin Feng ke-ke Chang Wan-Feng Xiong Duan-Hui Si Shui-Ying Gao Hong-fang Li Rong Cao College of Chemistry and Materials Science Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou350007China State key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou350002China Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou350108China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

The special electronic characteristics and high atom usage efficiency of metal-nitrogen-carbon(M-N-C)materials have made them extremely attractive for oxygen reduction reactions(ORRs).However,it is inevitable that hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))will be formed via the two-electron pathway in ***,the Cu nanoparticles(NPs)have been encapsulated into Ni doped hollow mesoporous carbon spheres(Ni-HMCS)to reduce the generation of H_(2)O_(2)in *** tests confirm that the introduction of Cu NPs improves the ORR performance *** obtained Cu/Ni-HMCS exhibits a half-wave potential of 0.82 V *** hydrogen electrode and a limited current density of 5.5 mA cm^(-2),which is comparable with the commercial Pt/***,Cu/Ni-HMCS has been used in Zn-air battery,demonstrating a high power density of 161 mW cm^(-2)and a long-term recharge capability(50 h at 5 mA cm^(-2)).The theoretical calculation proposes a tandem catalysis pathway for Cu/Ni multi-sites catalysis,that is,H_(2)O_(2)released from the Ni-N_(4)and Cu-N_(4)sites migrates to the Cu(111)face,on which the captive H_(2)O_(2)is further reduced to H_(2)*** work demonstrates an interesting tandem catalytic pathway of dual-metal multi-sites for ORR,which provides an insight into the development of effective fuel cell electrocatalysts.

关键词： oxygen reduction reaction tandem catalysis pathway dual-metal multi-sites Cu nanoparticles

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Underestimated Methane Emissions from Solid Waste Disposal Sites Reveal Missed Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Opportunities

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Engineering 2024年第5期36卷 12-15页

作者： Yao Wang Chuanbin Zhou Ziyang Lou Houhu Zhang Abid Hussain Liangtong Zhan ke Yin Mingliang fang Xunchang Fei School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore State key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentNanjing 210042China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Carleton UniversityOttawaON K1S 5B6Canada Ministry of Education(MOE)key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Environmental Engineering School of Biology and the EnvironmentNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

*** Cities are responsible for approximately 70%of all anthropogenic greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions and about 60%of all anthropogenic methane(CH4)emissions[1,2].Solid waste disposal sites(including landfills and dumpsites),which are prevalent in global cities,emit CH4 generated from the anaerobic biodegradation of municipal solid waste(MSW).Notably,the proportions of CH4 emissions from disposal sites surpass 50%of the total CH4 emissions in some megalopolises[3].CH4 has a high global warming potential(GWP),being 28 times stronger than carbon dioxide(CO_(2))over a 100-year period and 80 times stronger over a 20-year period[4].Understanding and mitigating CH4 emissions from solid waste disposal sites is particularly pertinent and pressing,considering that the latest Synthesis Report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)emphasizes that the current pace of mitigation and adaptation policies and measures falls short of restraining global temperature rise to under 1.5℃ within the 21st century[4].More than 150 countries signed the Global Methane Pledge at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Glasgow(COP26),which aims to reduce global annual CH4 emissions by 30%by 2030,compared with emissions in 2020[5].

关键词： landfill Solid restrain

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Interface engineering strategy via electron-defect trimethyl borate additive toward 4.7 V ultrahigh-nickel LiNi_(0.9)Co_(0.05)Mn_(0.05)O_(2)battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 639-647页

作者： Yilin Zhang Yuqing Chen Qiu He Jinlong ke Wei Wang Jian-fang Wu Peng Gao Yanhua Li Jilei Liu College of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan Joint International Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology for Clean EnergyHunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied TechnologyHunan UniversityChangsha 410082HunanChina College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan Institute of TechnologyHengyang 421002HunanChina

The Li metal battery with ultrahigh-nickel cathode(LiNi_(x)M_(1-x)O_(2),M=Mn,Co,and x≥0.9)under high-voltage is regarded as one of the most promising approaches to fulfill the ambitious target of 400 Wh/***,the practical application is impeded by the instability of electrode/electrolyte interface and Ni-rich cathode *** we proposed an electron-defect electrolyte additive trimethyl borate(TMB)which is paired with the commercial carbonate electrolyte to construct highly conductive fluorine-and boron-rich cathode electrolyte interface(CEI)on LiNi_(0.9)Co_(0.05)Mn_(0.05)O_(2)(NCM90)surface and solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)on lithium metal *** modified CEI effectively mitigates the structural transformation from layered to disordered rock-salt phase,and consequently alleviate the dissolution of transition metal ions(TMs)and its“cross-talk”effect,while the enhanced SEI enables stable lithium plating/striping and thus demonstrated good compatibility between electrolyte and lithium metal *** a result,the common electrolyte with 1 wt%TMB enables 4.7 V NCM90/Li cell cycle stably over 100 cycles with 70%capacity *** work highlights the significance of the electron-defect boron compounds for designing desirable interfacial chemistries to achieve high performance NCM90/Li battery under high voltage operation.

关键词： NCM90 batteries Electrolyte additive Trimethyl borate

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A search for massive young stellar objects with 98 CH_3OH maser sources

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2010年第1期10卷 67-82页

作者： Tie Liu Yue-fang Wu ke Wang Department of Astronomy Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Using the 13.7 m telescope of the Purple Mountain Observatory （PMO）, a survey of the 3 = 1 - 0 lines of CO and its isotopes was carried out on 98 methanol maser sources in January 2008. Eighty-five sources have infrared counterparts within one arcmin. In the survey, except for 43 sources showing complex or multiple-peak profiles, almost all the ^13CO line profiles of the other 55 sources have large line widths of 4.5km s^-1 on average and are usually asymmetric. Fifty corresponding Infrared Astronomical Satellite （IRAS） sources of these 55 sources have Lbdl larger than 10^3 L⊙, which can be identified as possible high-mass young stellar sources. Statistics show that the ^13CO line widths correlate with the bolometric luminosity of the associated IRAS sources. Here, we also report the mapping results of two sources; IRAS 06117＋1350 and IRAS 07299-1651. Two cores were found in IRAS 06117＋1350 and one core was detected in IRAS 07299-1651. The northwest core in IRAS 06117＋1350 and the core in IRAS 07299-1651 can be identified as precursors of UC HII regions or high-mass protostellar objects （HMPOs）. The southeast core of IRAS 06117＋1350 has no infrared counterpart, seeming to be at a younger stage than the pre-UC HII phase.

关键词： stars formation -- ISM clouds -- ISM methanol maser

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FPGA-based position reconstruction method for neutron beam flux spatial distribution measurement in BNCT

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 96-108页

作者： Wei Jiang Ping Cao Yi-Ming Wu Xian-ke Liu Zhu-Jun fang Zhi-Yong Zhang Bin Shi Jun Chen State key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China National key Laboratory for Metrology and Calibration Techniques China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China

A new measurement method for the spatial distribution of neutron beam flux in boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT)is being developed based on the two-dimensional Micromegas *** address the issue of long processing times in traditional offline position reconstruction methods,this paper proposes a field programmable gate array based online position reconstruction method utilizing the micro-time projection chamber *** method encapsulates key technical aspects:a self-adaptive serial link technique built upon the dynamical adjustment of the delay chain length,fast sorting,a coordinate-matching technique based on the mapping between signal timestamps and random access memory(RAM)addresses,and a precise start point-merging technique utilizing a circular combined *** performance test of the selfadaptive serial link shows that the bit error rate of the link is better than 10-12 at a confidence level of 99%,ensuring reliable data *** experiment utilizing the readout electronics and Micromegas detector shows a spatial resolution of approximately 1.4 mm,surpassing the current method’s resolution level of 5 *** beam experiment confirms that the readout electronics system can obtain the flux spatial distribution of neutron beams online,thus validating the feasibility of the position reconstruction *** online position reconstruction method avoids traditional methods,such as bubble sorting and traversal searching,simplifies the design of the logic firmware,and reduces the time complexity from O(n2)to O(n).This study contributes to the advancement in measuring neutron beam flux for BNCT.

关键词： Position reconstruction FPGA Readout electronics Neutron flux spatial distribution

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Constructing inter-diffusive PtCuNi/WO_(3)interface to enhance the catalytic activity and stability in oxygen reduction

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Tungsten 2024年第2期6卷 293-303页

作者： Hao-Zhe Xu Dong Li Ying Chen Pin fang Xiao-Xing ke Olga Demidenko Yu-Jing Li Beijing key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications Experimental Center of Advanced MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Scientifi c-Practical Materials Research Centre National Academy of Sciences of Belarus220072 MinskBelarus

Platinum-group-metal-based alloy nanocrystals have been considered as the most effi cient catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).However,the poor stability issues limit their further deployment in *** oxide(WO_(3))has received attention due to its intrinsic electrochemical stability and proton absorption/desorption *** this work,we prepared PtCuNi/WO_(3)/C hybrid catalyst with inter-diff usive alloy/WO_(3)interface on *** catalyst exhibits enhanced activity and stability associated with the WO_(3)*** characterization results suggest that the increased activity originates from the complementary proton supply of non-stoichiometric H_(x)WO_(3).Moreover,WO_(3)prevents the particle from dissolution and detachment under vigorous electrochemical *** enhanced stability originates from the electronic interaction established between Pt and *** work provides new strategies to design high-performance ORR catalysts by taking the merits of WO_(3)。

关键词： Tungsten oxide PtCuNi Interface Electronic interaction

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Partial Oxidation of Toluene on VO_x-TiO_x/SBA-15

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2009年第6期25卷 924-928页

作者： fang ke-gong WANG Bin SUN Yu-han State key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan 030001 P. R. China

A series of VOx-TiOx/SBA-15 catalysts was rized by different techniques such as N2-sorption, TPR prepared by the grafting method. The catalysts were characte- UV-Vis and NH3-TPD in order to verify the vanadium and titanium species, and their catalytic properties were investigated for the partial oxidation of toluene. The results show that vanadium mainly existed in the forms of isolated tetrahedral and octahedral species at the low loadings. The introduction of a certain amount of titanium improved the dispersion of vanadium on the support and then the catalytic performance for toluene oxidation at the same vanadium content. Both toluene conversion and benzaldehyde selectivity, showed the maximum values and then decreased with increasing the amount of titanium in the catalyst.

关键词： Vanadium Titanium Partial oxidation Toluene Benzaldehyde

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Peculiarity of transcriptional and H3K27me3 dynamics during peach bud dormancy

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 38-50页

作者： Yalin Zhao Yong Li ke Cao Weichao fang Changwen Chen Xinwei Wang Jinlong Wu Wenwu Guo Lirong Wang The key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(Fruit Tree Breeding Technology) Ministry of AgricultureZhengzhou Fruit Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhouHenan 450009China Western Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangjiXinjiang 831100China College of Horticulture and Forestry Science Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China

Bud dormancy facilitates the survival of meristems under harsh environmental *** elucidate how molecular responses to chilling accumulation controlling dormancy in peach buds,chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing to identify the H3K27me3 modifications and RNA sequencing of two peach cultivars with pronounced differences in chilling requirement were carried out,the results showed that genes associated with abscisic acid and gibberellic acid signal pathways play key roles in dormancy *** results demonstrated that peach flower bud differentiation occurred continuously in both cultivars during chilling accumulation,which was correlated with the transcript abundance of key genes involved in phytohormone metabolism and flower bud development under adverse *** more increased strength in high chillingrequirement cultivar along with the chilling accumulation at the genome-wide *** function of the dormancy-associated MADS-box gene PpDAM6 was identified,which is involved in leaf bud break in peach and flower development in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum(NC89).In addition,PpDAM6 was positively regulated by PpCBF,and the genes of putative dormancy-related and associated with metabolic pathways were *** together,these results constituted a theoretical basis for elucidating the regulation of peach bud dormancy transition.

关键词： Peach bud Dormancy RNA-seq H3K27me3 Chilling requirement

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Qualitative Description of Swashing Motion States on Mild Beach Slope

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China Ocean Engineering 2019年第4期33卷 412-423页

作者： YIN Jing ZOU Zhi-li fang ke-zhao LIU Yan-li State key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China key Laboratory of Sea-Area Management Technology National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center Dalian 116024 China

The swashing motion on mild beach slope is dominated by the motion of low frequency waves (LFWs). Companying such a motion, there are two types of swashing motion states, occurrence or no occurrence of LFW’s collision. The present study distinguishes the two states qualitatively by relating it to the number of generated LFWs for the case of two incident wave groups. A simplified swashing index is established theoretically for this purpose. A series of related experiments were performed to observe the generated out-going LFWs on different mild slope from 1:20 to 1:160 and to determine the critical value of the swashing index. Numerical simulations based on higher order Boussinesq equations are also performed to help the recognition of the LFWs generated in the experiment.

关键词： swashing surf beat braking wave low frequency wave wave groups

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Oxygen-vacancy-rich MnO_(x)supported RuO_(x)for efficient base-free oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and 5-methoxymethylfurfural to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 670-683,I0015页

作者： Jiali Wu Weizhen Xie Yining Zhang Xixian ke Tianyuan Li Huayu fang Yong Sun Xianhai Zeng Lu Lin Xing Tang Xiamen key Laboratory of Clean and High-valued Applications for Biomass Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Clean and High-valued Technologies for BiomassCollege of EnergyXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102FujianChina key Lab for Sport Shoes Upper Materials of Fujian Province Fujian Engineering and Research Center for New Functional Fiber Materials(Fujian Huafeng New Material Co.Ltd.Putian Dakai New Material Co.Ltd.)Putian 351144FujianChina

2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid(FDCA)is a promising biomass-derived polymeric monomer that serves as an attractive alternative to terephthalic acid derived from fossil ***,the green and efficient production of FDCA through the oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF)and its derivatives is still rudimentary under base-free *** this work,oxygen-vacancy-rich Mn Oxwas prepared and displayed a strong adsorption and anchoring ability to Ru species that mainly exposed the(210)plane of RuO_(2),bringing about highly dispersed and active interfacial Ru-O-Mn *** results and density functional theory calculations confirm that these above features greatly facilitate the adsorption/activation of oxygen and the dehydrogenation-oxidation of HMF/5-methoxymethylfurfural(MMF),which enables an efficient FDCA production under base-free and mild ***,a desirable FDCA yield of 86.56%was still obtained from concentrated HMF(10 wt%)under base-free conditions over oxygen-vacancy-rich Mn Oxsupported Ru Ox(1.0 MPaO_(2),120℃,6 h).This work delineates a facile catalyst preparation strategy for HMF/MMF oxidation,and might open a new avenue for the green synthesis of FDCA under base-free conditions.

关键词： Base-free oxidation Oxygen-vacancy-rich 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural 5-Methoxymethylfurfural 2 5-Furandicarboxylic acid

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