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Sorely reducing emissions of non-methane short-lived climate forcers will worsen compound flood-heatwave extremes in the Northern Hemisphere

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第4期15卷 737-750页

作者： Ying-fang LI Zhi-Li WANG Ya-Dong LEI Xiao-Chao YU Lin LIU Hui-Zheng CHE Xiao-ye ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of China Meteorological Administration Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China

Non-methane short-lived climate forcer(SLCF)or near-term climate forcer(NTCF)emissions,as a significant driver of climate change,can be reduced to improve air *** reductions may contribute to additional warming of the climate system in the short term,thereby strongly affecting the likelihood of climate ***,there has been no quantitative assessment of the impact of non-methane SLCF mitigation on compound flood-heatwave extremes(CFHEs).This study quantitatively investigates the changes in future(2031-2050 versus 1995-2014)CFHEs and the resulting population exposure in the Northern Hemisphere(NH)due to non-methane SLCF *** used multi-model ensemble simulations under two future scenarios from the Aerosol and Chemistry Model Intercomparison Project(AerChemMIP)in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6).The two future scenarios share the same greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions but have weak(Shared Socioeconomic Pathway(SSP)3-7.0)versus strong(SSP3-7.0-lowNTCF)levels of air quality control *** results show that future non-methane SLCF reductions during 2031-2050 results in about a 7.3%±2.3%increase in grid exposure to CFHEs in the NH relative to the period *** frequency,intensity,and duration of CFHEs increase by varying *** the period 2031-2050,the frequency of CFHEs across the NH increases by 2.9±0.9 events per decade due to non-methane SLCF *** increases in CFHE frequency are more pronounced in East Asia,South Asia,Siberia,and northern and eastern North *** East and South Asia,the in-tensities of both heatwaves and floods corresponding to CFHEs increase markedly,where heatwave magnitude(HWM)increases by 0.3±0.2 K in East Asia and weighted average precipitation(WAP)increases by 18.3%±15.3%and 12.0%±4.5%in East Asia and South Asia,*** other regions,rising temperatures dominate the increase in *** regard to the duration of CFHEs,future reductions in non-methane SLC

关键词： Non-methane SLCFs CHFEs Cleaner air Population exposure

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Influence of reduced-port laparoscopic surgery on perioperative indicators, postoperative recovery, and serum inflammation in patients with colorectal carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1734-1741页

作者： Hong-Biao Wu Dong-fang Liu ye-Lei Liu Xiao-Feng Wang Yue-Peng Cao Department of Colorectal Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315000Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Conventional five-port laparoscopic surgery,the current standard treatment for colorectal carcinoma(CRC),has many *** To assess the influence of reduced-port laparoscopic surgery(RPLS)on perioperative indicators,postoperative recovery,and serum inflammation indexes in patients with *** The study included 115 patients with CRC admitted between December 2019 and May 2023,52 of whom underwent conventional five-port laparoscopic surgery(control group)and 63 of whom underwent RPLS(research group).Comparative analyses were performed on the following dimensions:Perioperative indicators[operation time(OT),incision length,intraoperative blood loss(IBL),and rate of conversion to laparotomy],postoperative recovery(first postoperative exhaust,bowel movement and oral food intake,and bowel sound recovery time),serum inflammation indexes[high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and interleukin-6(IL-6)],postoperative complications(anastomotic leakage,incisional infection,bleeding,ileus),and therapeutic *** The two groups had comparable OTs and IBL ***,the research group had a smaller incision length;lower rates of conversion to laparotomy and postoperative total complication;and shorter time of first postoperative exhaust,bowel movement,oral food intake,and bowel sound recovery;all of which were ***,hs-CRP,IL-6,and TNF-αlevels in the research group were significantly lower than the baseline and those of the control group,and the total effective rate was *** RPLS exhibited significant therapeutic efficacy in CRC,resulting in a shorter incision length and a lower conversion rate to laparotomy,while also promoting postoperative recovery,effectively inhibiting the inflammatory response,and reducing the risk of postoperative complications.

关键词： Reduced-port laparoscopic surgery Colorectal carcinoma Perioperative indicators Postoperative recovery Serum inflammation indexes

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An assessment of the CMIP6 performance in simulating Arctic sea ice volume flux via Fram Strait

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第4期15卷 584-595页

作者： Hui-Yan KUANG Shao-Zhe SUN Yu-fang ye Shao-Yin WANG Hai-Bo BI Zhuo-Qi CHEN Xiao CHENG School of Geospatial Engineering and Science Sun Yat-sen UniversitySouthern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Observation of Polar Environment(Sun Yat-sen University) Ministry of EducationZhuhai 519082China CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Qingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Geology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266237China

Numerical models serve as an essential tool to investigate the causes and effects of Arctic sea ice *** the simulation capabilities of the most recent CMIP6 models in sea ice volume flux provides references for model applications and ***,reliable long-term simulation results of the ice volume fux contribute to a deeper understanding of the sea ice response to global climate *** this study,the sea ice volume flux through six Arctic gateways over the past four decades(1979-2014)were estimated in combination of satellite observations of sea ice concentration(SIC)and sea ice motion(SIM)as well as the Pan-Arctic Ice-Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System(PIOMAS)reanalysis sea ice thickness(SIT)*** simulation capability of 17 CMIP6 historical models for the volume flux through Fram Strait were quantitatively *** ice volume flux simulated from the ensemble mean of 17 CMIP6 models demonstrates better performance than that from the individual model,yet IPSL-CM6A-LR and EC-Earth3-Veg-LR outperform the ensemble mean in the annual volume flux,with Taylor scores of 0.86 and 0.50,***6 models display relatively robust capability in simulating the seasonal variations of volume *** them,CESM2-WACCM performs the best,with a correlation coefficient of 0.96 and a Taylor score of ***,NESM3 demonstrates the largest devi-ation from the observation/reanalysis data,with the lowest Taylor score of *** variability of sea ice volume flux is primarily influenced by SIM and SIT,followed by *** extreme large sea ice export through Fram Strait is linked to the occurrence of anomalously low air temperatures,which in turn promote increased SIC and SIT in the corresponding ***,the intensified activity of Arctic cyclones and Arctic dipole anomaly could boost the southward sea ice velocity through Fram Strait,which further enhance the sea ice outflow.

关键词： Sea ice volume flux CMIP6 models Fram Strait Attribution analysis

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Cold storage alters the fat-trehalose trade-off,decreases the flight ability,and maintains the high survival rate and flight speed of Osmia excavata(Hymenoptera:Megachilidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 927-936页

作者： Yingying Song Li Liu fang Ouyang Hongying Cui Wenxiu Guo Suhong Lv Baohua ye Lili Li Yi Yu Xingyuan Men Institute of Plant Protection Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanChina College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural UniversityJinanChina State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBejingChina

Osmia solitary bees are important pollinators of various crops *** has been widely used to synchronize the emergence time of Osmia species from cocoons with the blooming time of different crops,but the fitness of Osmia after refrigeration remains ***,the effects of long-term refrigeration at 0℃on the vitality,flight ability,and metabolism of Osmia excavata,which is known as the"king of pollination"in China,were *** survival rate(>90%before 120 d),weight loss rate(<15%after 170 d),and mean flight speed of *** were not greatly affected after long-term *** content of fats,which have antifreeze and energy storage properties,was not significantly altered in *** before 130 d of refrigeration,which might explain why the survival rates and flight speed of *** remained high after long-term ***,the flight duration and distance decreased significantly(P<0.05),and both were positively correlated with the reduced trehalose levels in ***(r=[+0.69]-[+0.71];P<0.05).Overall,these findings indicate that the pollination potential of *** for various crops with different flowering periods is high after long-term refrigeration;however,long-term refrigeration may decrease pollination *** findings highlight new research directions that could improve the ecological service function of refrigerated ***.

关键词： ecological service value flight ability Osmia pollination efficiency refrigeration vitality

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Advanced 2D molybdenum disulfide for green hydrogen production: Recent progress and future perspectives

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第3期18卷 308-329页

作者： Meng fang Yuqin PENG Puwei WU Huan WANG Lixin XING Ning WANG Chunmei TANG Ling MENG Yuekuan ZHOU Lei DU Siyu ye Huangpu Hydrogen Energy Innovation Centre School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Sustainable Energy and Environment Thrust Function HubThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)Guangzhou 511400China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina SinoHykey Technology Company Ltd. Guangzhou 510760China

The development of renewable and affordable energy is crucial for building a sustainable society. In this context, establishing a sustainable infrastructure for renewable energy requires the integration of energy storage, specifically use of renewable hydrogen. The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) of electrochemical water splitting is a promising method for producing green hydrogen. Recently, two-dimensional nanomaterials have shown great promise in promoting the HER in terms of both fundamental research and practical applications due to their high specific surface areas and tunable electronic properties. Among them, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), a non-noble metal catalyst, has emerged as a promising alternative to replace expensive platinum-based catalysts for the HER because MoS_(2)has a high inherent activity, low cost, and abundant reserves. At present, greatly improved activity and stability are urgently needed for MoS_(2)to enable wide deployment of water electrolysis devices. In this regard, efficient strategies for precisely modifying MoS_(2)are of interest. Herein, the progress made with MoS_(2)as an HER catalyst is reviewed, with a focus on modification strategies, including phase engineering, morphology design, defect engineering, heteroatom doping, and heterostructure construction. It is believed that these strategies will be helpful in designing and developing high-performance and low-cost MoS2-based catalysts by lowering the charge transfer barrier, increasing the active site density, and optimizing the surface hydrophilicity. In addition, the challenges of MoS_(2)electrocatalysts and perspectives for future research and development of these catalysts are discussed.

关键词： molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2)) hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) active site electrocatalyst modification strategie

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Distribution and sources of sedimentary organic matter in different aquaculture areas of northeastern Zhanjiang Bay using stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第6期43卷 38-48页

作者： Fengxia Zhou Shuangling Wang Han fang Jiani He Liang ye Zhaohai Ding Cuiting Li Fajin Chen Xuan Lu Chunqing Chen Yafei Meng College of Ocean and Meteorology Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China Key Laboratory for Coastal Ocean Variation and Disaster Prediction Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China Key Laboratory of Climate Resources and Environment in Continental Shelf Sea and Deep Sea of Department of Education of Guangdong ProvinceGuangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China

Zhanjiang Bay is a major aquaculture area in China with many types of mariculture products(such as oysters,fish,and shrimp).The culture area and shrimp output in Zhanjiang Bay are ranked first in *** investigated the total organic carbon(TOC),total nitrogen(TN),TOC/TN ratio,and stable isotopes(δ^(13)C and δ^(15)N) of the fish and shrimp feed,fish and shrimp feces,and sedimentary organic matter(SOM) in and around different aquaculture areas of northeastern Zhanjiang B ay to study the impact of aquaculture activities on *** average TOC contents of fish and shrimp feed were 39.20%±0.91% and 39.29%±0.21%,*** average TOC content in the surface sediments of the oyster culture area,the mixed(fish and shrimp) culture area,and the cage fish farm area were 0.66%,0.88%±0.10%,and 0.58%±0.19%,respectively,which may indicate that mixed culture had a greater impact on *** relatively high TOC and TN contents and relatively low TOC/TN ratios,and δ^(15)N values in the upper layer of the core sediment in the mixed culture area could also support the significant influence of mixed *** average δ^(13)C and δ^(15)N values of fish and shrimp feed were -20.6‰±2.2‰ and 1.8‰±1.2‰,respectively,which were different from the isotopic values of SOM in the study area.δ^(13)C and δ^(15)N values for SOM in different aquaculture areas were different from those of nearby reference stations,probably reflecting the influence of *** δ^(13)C and δ^(15)N values in the oyster culture area(-25.9‰ and6.0‰,respectively) seemed to have reduced δ^(13)C and enriched δ^(15)N relative to those of the reference station(-24.6‰ and 5.8‰,respectively).This may reflect the influence of organic matter on oyster *** δ^(15)N value of the station in the mixed culture area(7.1‰±0.4‰) seemed to be relatively enriched in δ^(15)N relative to that of the reference station(6.6‰).Sedimentation and the subsequent degradation of organic matter from mixed cultures may have contrib

关键词： sedimentary organic matter aquaculture stable isotopes sources Zhanjiang Bay

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A methodology for laser tool setters calibration and its precise mathematical model

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第7期37卷 564-581页

作者： Tao fang Zixi fang Ze Zhong CHEN Zhiyong CHANG School of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science Concordia UniversityMontrealQuebec H3G 1M8Canada Changsha Optimum CNC Corporation Changsha 410221China Institute for Aero-engine Smart Assembly of Shaanxi Province Xi’an 710072China

On-machine tool setting is a pivotal approach in achieving intelligent manufacturing,and laser tool setters have become a crucial component of smart machine *** tool setters play a crucial role in precisely measuring the dimensions of cutting tools during the part machining process,focusing on tool length and *** a measuring instrument,the positions of the laser axis of the laser tool setter need to be accurately calibrated before ***,in actual calibration scenarios,traditional calibration methods face challenges due to installation errors in the tool setter and geometric errors in the measuring *** address this issue,this study proposes a novel calibration ***,the calibration mechanism of the laser beam axis is *** on the accurate mathematical model of the laser beam and the measuring rod,and using the polygon clipping algorithm,the mathematical mechanism of the laser tool setter’s work is ***,a novel method is introduced to calculate the compensation distance between the laser beam reference point and the rod bottom center point at each moment during ***,by utilizing the kinematic chain of the tool setter calibration system,a new calibration method is developed to accurately calibrate the position of the laser beam axis in the machine tool coordinate ***,the accuracy of the calibration method is verified through simulation experiments and calibration *** method improves the calibration accuracy of the tool setter,and the mathematical model of the laser tool setter can be extended to the measurement of tools,thereby improving the precision of tool *** research significantly improves the efficient production performance of smart machine tools.

关键词： On-machine tool setting Smart machine tools Mathematical model Calibration method Laser tool sette

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Discovering Cathodic Biocompatibility for Aqueous Zn–MnO_(2) Battery:An Integrating Biomass Carbon Strategy

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 111-126页

作者： Wei Lv Zilei Shen Xudong Li Jingwen Meng Weijie Yang fang Ding Xing Ju Feng ye Yiming Li Xuefeng Lyu Miaomiao Wang Yonglan Tian Chao Xu Institute of Energy Power Innovation North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206People’s Republic of China Department of Power Engineering School of EnergyPower and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of RNA Biology Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China Collaborative Innovation Center of Integrated Exploitation of Bayan Obo Multi‑Metal Resources Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou 014010People’s Republic of China

Developing high-performance aqueous Zn-ion batteries from sustainable biomass becomes increasingly vital for large-scale energy storage in the foreseeable ***,γ-MnO_(2) uniformly loaded on N-doped carbon derived from grapefruit peel is successfully fabricated in this work,and particularly the composite cathode with carbon carrier quality percentage of 20 wt%delivers the specific capacity of 391.2 mAh g^(−1)at 0.1 A g^(−1),outstanding cyclic stability of 92.17%after 3000 cycles at 5 A g^(−1),and remarkable energy density of 553.12 Wh kg^(−1) together with superior coulombic efficiency of~100%.Additionally,the cathodic biosafety is further explored specifically through in vitro cell toxicity experiments,which verifies its tremendous potential in the application of clinical ***,Zinc ion energy storage mechanism of the cathode is mainly discussed from the aspects of Jahn–Teller effect and Mn domains distribution combined with theoretical analysis and experimental ***,a novel perspective of the conversion from biomass waste to biocompatible Mn-based cathode is successfully developed.

关键词： Aqueous Zn-ion batteries Biocompatibility Jahn-Teller effect Mn domains γ-MnO_(2)

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Triangle-free Graphs with Three Positive Eigenvalues

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Algebra Colloquium 2024年第3期31卷 525-540页

作者： fang Duan School of Mathematical Sciences Xinjiang Normal UniversityUrumqi 830017China

A graph G is called triangle-free if G does not contain any triangle as its induced *** G_(n)be the set of triangle-free graphs of order n each of which has three positive *** this paper,we find 20 specific graphs in G_(n),each of which has nullity no more than 2,and we show that in terms of three graph transformations all the other graphs of G_(n)can be constructed from these 20 specific ***,we completely characterize the triangle-free graphs with exactly three positive eigenvalues.

关键词： positive(negative)inertia index nullity triangle-free graph

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Self-healable and mechanically robust supramolecular-covalent poly(oxime-urethane) elastomers with information encryption via hydrogen bonds and coordinate interactions

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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： Ting ye Jialing Tan Tao Wu fang Zhang Shaoyu Chen Chaoxia Wang College of Textile Science and Engineering Jiangnan University School of Fashion and Textiles The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Self-healing polyurethane-elastomers are highly desired in various fields. However, there is often a trade-off between mechanical properties and dynamic self-healing due to the mutually exclusive mechanism. Herein, we develop a self-healable and mechanically robust poly（oxime-urethane） elastomer（Zn-DAPU） to circumvent this inherent trade-off by incorporating zincpyridinyl cross-links into the hydrogen bonding and dynamic oxime-urethane supramolecular-covalent hybrid network. Benefiting from the synergistic strengthening of H-bonding and coordinate interactions, Zn-DAPU network performs tunable toughness with metal ion concentration change, which improves 345.2% and reaches 82.2 MJ m-3, with robust tensile strength of 22.8 MPa, Young's modulus of 37.1 MPa, and satisfactory elongation of 815.7%. The healing efficiency can be reached at 91.7% with a restored toughness of 75.4 MJ m-3at 80 °C for 10 h. Furthermore, zinc-contained networks exhibit photolysis behavior due to the homolytic cleavage of N–O bonds in oxime-urethane moieties, which can be functionalized further with fluorescamine as the specific information encryption coating with quick response codes（QRs） upon polyester fabric. This work provides valuable guidance towards the development of high-performance self-healing polyurethane and wearable functional materials.

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