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Caffeine is responsible for the bloodglucose-lowering effects of green tea and Puer tea extractsin BALB/c mice

Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2015年第8期13卷 595-601页

作者： fang chong-ye WANG Xuan-Jun HUANG ye-Wei HAO Shu-Mei SHENG Jun Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Puer Tea Science at Yunnan Agricultural University Yunnan Research Center for Advanced Tea Processing Department of Pu-erh Tea and Medical Science Hyogo College of Medicine Yunnan University

The present study was designed to determine the effects of Puer tea and green tea on blood glucose level. Male BALB/c mice were administered green tea extract(GTE) or Puer tea extract(PTE), either intragastrically or in their drinking water. The major components of these teas are epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG) and caffeine, respectively. Blood glucose measurement results showed that mice fed intragastrically or mice that drank GTE, PTE or caffeine showed significantly lower blood glucose levels compared to the control group. However, EGCG exhibited no influence on the blood glucose levels. When caffeine was eliminated from the GTE and PTE, the effect on the blood glucose levels was abolished, but the effect was recovered when caffeine was re-introduced into the extracts. Evaluation of hematological and biochemical indices at the time of the greatest caffeine-induced decrease in blood glucose levels showed that the effect of caffeine was specific. Microarray analyses were performed in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and mature adipocytes treated with 0.1 mg·m L-1 caffeine to identify factors that might be involved in the mechanisms underlying these effects. The results showed that few genes were changed after caffeine treatment in adipocytes, and of them only phospholipid transfer protein(PLTP) may be ralated to blood glucose. In conclusion, this study indicates that caffeine may be the key constituent of tea that decreases blood glucose levels, and it may be used to treat type 2 diabetes.

关键词： Caffeine EGCG Puer tea extract(PTE) Blood glucose Normal mice Type 2 diabetes

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TiO_(2)Electron Transport Layer with p-n Homojunctions for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 1-14页

作者： Wenhao Zhao Pengfei Guo Jiahao Wu Deyou Lin Ning Jia Zhiyu fang chong Liu Qian ye Jijun Zou Yuanyuan Zhou Hongqiang Wang State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene(NPU)Xi'an 710072People's Republic of China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong Kong SARPeople's Republic of China Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072People's Republic of China chongqing Innovation Center of Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityChongqing 401135People's Republic of China

Low-temperature processed electron transport layer(ETL)of TiO_(2)that is widely used in planar perovskite solar cells(PSCs)has inherent low carrier mobility,resulting in insufficient photogenerated elec-tron transport and thus recombination loss at buried ***,we demonstrate an effective strategy of laser embedding of p-n homojunctions in the TiO_(2)ETL to accelerate electron transport in PSCs,through localized build-in electric fields that enables boosted electron mobility by two orders of *** embedding is found significantly helpful for not only the enhanced crystallization quality of TiO_(2)ETL,but the fabrication of perovskite films with larger-grain and the *** embedded p-n homojunction enables also the modulation of interfacial energy level between perovskite layers and ETLs,favoring for the reduced voltage deficit of *** from these merits,the formamidinium lead iodide(FAPbI_(3))PSCs employing such ETLs deliver a champion efficiency of 25.50%,along with much-improved device stability under harsh conditions,i.e.,maintain over 95%of their initial efficiency after operation at maximum power point under continuous heat and illumination for 500 h,as well as mixed-cation PSCs with a champion efficiency of 22.02%and over 3000 h of ambient storage under humidity stability of 40%.Present study offers new possibilities of regulating charge transport layers via p-n homojunction embedding for high performance optoelectronics.

关键词： Electron transport layer p-n homojunction Electron mobility Buried interface Perovskite solar cells

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Pairs of thiol-substituted 1,2,4-triazole-based isomeric covalent inhibitors with tunable reactivity and selectivity

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 329-335页

作者： Shiqi Xu Zi ye Shuang Shang Fengge Wang Huan Zhang Lianguo Chen Hao Lin Chen Chen fang Hua chong-Jing Zhang State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability EvaluationInstitute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study(BZ0150)Institute of Materia MedicaPeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100050China The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325000China

Covalent bioactive compounds are successfully used in clinic and attracted intense research efforts in the fundamental study as well as drug *** advantageous effects of covalent compounds compared with non-covalent ones are highly dependent on electrophilic ***,electrophilic warheads with tunable reactivity and selectivity are highly demanded in fields of medicinal chemistry and chemical ***,we report a novel electrophilic warhead,chloromethyl group activated by thiol-substituted 1,2,***,a pair of regioisomers could be simultaneously occurred in the step of alkylation during the synthesis of this unique *** is a rare example that the alkylation could simultaneously generate these two separable regioisomers of 1,2,4-triazole at the nitrogen or sulfur *** covalent-working mechanism of this new warhead is confirmed by various chemoproteomics experiments including target identification and binding site ***,the reactivity and selectivity of this new electrophilic warhead could be efficiently tuned by virtue of stereo ***,one pair of regioisomers(19S and 19X)induced distinct modes of cell *** 19S could induce apoptosis of colon cancer cells while 19X could induce both apoptosis and ***,this study provides pairs of novel electrophilic warheads that could be useful not only in supporting the design of covalent compounds for drug discovery but also in providing chemical probes for the fundamental biological study.

关键词： Electrophilic warhead Covalent inhibitor 1,2,4-Triazole Chemical proteomics GSTO1

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Data-driven discovery of linear dynamical systems from noisy data

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 121-129页

作者： WANG YaSen YUAN ye fang HuaZhen DING Han School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of KansasLawrence 66045USA

In modern science and engineering disciplines,data-driven discovery methods play a fundamental role in system modeling,as data serve as the external representations of the intrinsic mechanisms within ***,empirical data contaminated by process and measurement noise remain a significant obstacle for this type of *** this study,we have developed a data-driven method capable of directly uncovering linear dynamical systems from noisy *** method combines the Kalman smoothing and sparse Bayesian learning to decouple process and measurement noise under the expectation-maximization framework,presenting an analytical method for alternate state estimation and system ***,the discovered model explicitly characterizes the probability distribution of process and measurement noise,as they are essential for filtering,smoothing,and stochastic *** have successfully applied the proposed algorithm to several simulation *** results demonstrate its potential to enable linear dynamical system discovery in practical applications where noise-free data are intractable to capture.

关键词： system identification sparse Bayesian learning Kalman smoothing process and measurement noise

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Observing eddy dye patches induced by shear instabilities in the surf zone on a plane beach

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第3期43卷 15-29页

作者： Chunping Ren Nannan Fu chong Yu Yuchuan Bai Kezhao fang State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China College of Water Resource Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

The effects of surf zone eddy generated by alongshore currents on the deformation and transport of dye are still poorly understood,and related tracer release experiments are ***,a tracer release laboratory experiment was conducted under monochromatic,unidirectional incident waves with a large incident angle(30°)on a plane beach with a 1:100 slope in a large wave basin.A charge-coupled device suspended above the basin recorded the dye patch *** evolution of eddy dye patch was observed and the transport and diffusion were analyzed based on the collected ***,a linear instability numerical model was adopted to calculate the perturbation velocity field at the initial *** observation and image processing results show that surf zone eddy patches occurred and were separated from the original dye *** numerical analysis results demonstrate that the structure of the perturbation velocity field is consistent with the experimental observations,and that the ejection of eddy patches shoreward or offshore may be ascribed to the double vortex.

关键词： surf zone tracer release experiment evolution of eddy patch shear instability of alongshore currents

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Deep Video Harmonization by Improving Spatial-temporal Consistency

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第1期21卷 46-54页

作者： Xiuwen Chen Li fang Long ye Qin Zhang Key Laboratory of Media Audio and Video Ministry of Education Communication University of ChinaBeijing 100024China

Video harmonization is an important step in video editing to achieve visual consistency by adjusting foreground appear-ances in both spatial and temporal *** methods always only harmonize on a single scale or ignore the inaccuracy of flow estimation,which leads to limited harmonization *** this work,we propose a novel architecture for video harmoniza-tion by making full use of spatiotemporal features and yield temporally consistent harmonized *** introduce multiscale harmon-ization by using nonlocal similarity on each scale to make the foreground more consistent with the *** also propose a fore-ground temporal aggregator to dynamically aggregate neighboring frames at the feature level to alleviate the effect of inaccurate estim-ated flow and ensure temporal *** experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our method over other state-of-the-art methods in both quantitative and visual comparisons.

关键词： Harmonization temporal consistency video editing video composition nonlocal similarity

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Electrospun nanofibrous membranes with antimicrobial activity for air filtration

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第10期35卷 147-157页

作者： Guangyao Wang Zhitong Xu ye Qi Yueguang fang Guiling Ning Junwei ye State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116012China Engineering Laboratory of Boric and Magnesic Functional Material Preparative and Applied Technology Dalian 116024China

Air pollution,including airborne pathogens and particulate matter(PM),has become a prominent issue affecting human health and *** air filtration materials do not meet the requirements for efficient PM capture or do not instantly kill pathogens,leading to increased risk of direct/indirect contact transmission and infection due to the accumulation of pathogens during *** nanofibrous membranes have emerged as a promising platform due to their rich porous structure,finer fiber diameters,good internal connectivity,and the ability to easily incorporate active chemicals for antimicrobial *** this review,antimicrobial mechanisms of nanofibrous membranes for air filtration and PM capture mechanisms of nanofibers were firstly investigated,and various types of electrospun nanofibrous membranes with different antimicrobial agents for efficient air filtration were described in detail,including organic antimicrobial agents,inorganic antimicrobial agents and metal-organic *** hope this work could provide a better practical insight for designing novel electrospun nanofibrous membranes with antimicrobial efficacy for efficient air filtration.

关键词： Electrospinning Nanofibrous membrane Antimicrobial Particulate matter Airfiltration

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Spatially explicit reconstruction of cropland cover in Europe from AD 1800 to 2000

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2953-2971页

作者： Jun LI Yu ye Xiuqi fang Diyang ZHANG Zhilei WU Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster Ministry of EducationBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China College of Geographical Science Qinghai Normal UniversityXining 810016China

One of the challenges in global change research is the significant uncertainty in global historical land use and land cover(LUCC)datasets,which are widely used as foundational *** addition to the regional cropland area reconstructions,improving the grid allocation method is another feasible way to raise the reliability of historical LUCC *** this study,an integrated reconstruction of the national cropland areas over the past 200 years was developed for 36 European *** that,the allocation algorithm was built using physiogeographic variables and historical city sites for accounting for land suitability and cultivation preferences,***,cropland data in Europe with a spatial resolution of 5′×5′at five time sections from AD 1800 to 2000 were generated using the optimal allocation algorithm in accordance with the stages of the regional *** results were as follows:(1)The dominant factors governing the distribution of croplands in Europe vary at different agricultural stages,but the results can be merged *** suitability was more optimal for allocation during the modern agricultural stage(AD 1950 and 2000);the priority index combined with land suitability and cultivation preference was more reasonable for allocation during the traditional agricultural stage(AD 1800).The average of the allocations by priority index and the land suitability could be adopted as the allocation results during the transitional stage(AD 1850 and 1900)because the grids for absolute differences within±10 and±20 percentage points between the results obtained from the above two allocations were above 80% and 95%,respectively,which means the two allocation results could be merged.(2)Over the past 200 years,the total cropland area in Europe first increased to a peak in AD 1900 and then ***,the centre of the higher cropland fraction shifted from the western part of Europe in AD 1800 to the eastern part of the continent after AD 1950.(3)

关键词： Land use and land cover change Historical cropland Gridding allocation Europe Past 200 years

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Preparation and properties of Ti_(3)SiC(2) -based corrosion mitigation coatings for SiC_(f) /SiC PWR accident tolerant fuel cladding

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第1期13卷 73-85页

作者： Jinsong Yang fang ye Laifei Cheng Kai Zhao Yucong Wei Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

To enhance the resistance of SiC_(f)/SiC to hydrothermal corrosion in the pressurized water reactor(PWR)environment,structurally tunable Ti_(3)SiC(2)-based corrosion mitigation coatings for SiC_(f)/SiC were prepared using molten salt *** influence of various process parameters,such as Si/Ti molar ratio in raw materials,annealing time,and annealing temperature,on the phase composition and the structure of the coatings was *** the process control,the fabricated coatings can be either Ti_(3)SiC(2) monolithic structure or TiC/Ti_(3)SiC(2) and TiC/Ti_(3)SiC(2)/Ti_(5)Si_(3)C_(x) multilayered *** coatings demonstrate strong bonding to the substrate due to in-situ reaction,exhibiting tensile and shear strength of at least 26.9 and 30.8 MPa,*** TiC as a transition layer further enhances the tensile and shear strength to 41.3 and 51.4 MPa,*** Ti_(3)SiC(2) coatings enhance the thermal conductivity of SiC_(f)/SiC by 10%–12%.Notably,Ti_(3)SiC(2) coatings effectively protect SiC_(f)/SiC from hydrothermal corrosion,demonstrating an 83%strength retention rate compared to 71%in the control group after ***,the Ti5Si3Cx layer exhibits unsatisfactory corrosion *** Ti_(3)SiC(2) monolithic coating has higher thermal conductivity,TiC/Ti_(3)SiC(2) multi-layered coating has higher bonding strength,and both have desirable resistance to the hydrothermal corrosion.

关键词： Ti_(3)SiC(2) SiC_(f)/SiC nuclear materials hydrothermal corrosion coating

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茶叶组分抗菌、抗病毒和免疫增强作用的研究进展

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中国生物制品学杂志 2010年第8期23卷 910-912页

作者：方崇业付学奇盛军吉林大学生命科学学院长春130061

饮茶对人身体健康有许多益处,如抗氧化、抗衰老、抗肿瘤、降低某些疾病的发病率等。近年来,越来越多的文献报道了茶叶组分具有抗菌、抗病毒和增强人体免疫力的作用。本文对茶叶中的主要组分茶多酚、茶色素、茶多糖和茶氨酸的抗菌、抗病... 详细信息

饮茶对人身体健康有许多益处,如抗氧化、抗衰老、抗肿瘤、降低某些疾病的发病率等。近年来,越来越多的文献报道了茶叶组分具有抗菌、抗病毒和增强人体免疫力的作用。本文对茶叶中的主要组分茶多酚、茶色素、茶多糖和茶氨酸的抗菌、抗病毒和免疫增强作用的研究进展作一综述。

关键词：茶叶表没食子儿茶酚没食子酸茶色素茶多糖茶氨酸

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