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The association and underlying mechanism of the digit ratio(2D:4D)in hypospadias

Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第4期26卷 356-365页

作者： Yu Ding Zu-Quan chen Wen-Feng Pan Hao-Jie chen Min Wu Yi-Qing Lyu Hua Xie Yi-chen Huang Zhong-Zhong chen fang chen Department of Urology Shanghai Children’s HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200062China Urogenital Development Research Center Shanghai Children’s HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200062China Clinical Research Center for Hypospadias Pediatric CollegeShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200062China.

The second-to-fourth digit(2D:4D)ratio is thought to be associated with prenatal androgen ***,the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio and hypospadias is poorly understood,and its molecular mechanism is not *** this study,by analyzing the hand digit length of 142 boys with hypospadias(23 distal,68 middle,and 51 proximal)and 196 controls enrolled in Shanghai Children’s Hospital(Shanghai,China)from December 2020 to December 2021,we found that the 2D:4D ratio was significantly increased in boys with hypospadias(P<0.001)and it was positively correlated with the severity of the *** was further verified by the comparison of control mice and prenatal low testosterone mice model obtained by knocking out the risk gene(dynein axonemal heavy chain 8[DNAH8])associated with ***,the discrepancy was mainly caused by a shift in *** characterization of a mouse model validated that low testosterone levels during pregnancy can impair the growth and development of *** mechanistic explorations revealed that during the androgen-sensitive window,the downregulation of the androgen receptor(AR)caused by low testosterone levels,as well as the suppressed expression of chondrocyte proliferation-related genes such as Wnt family member 5a(Wnt5a),Wnt5b,Smad family member 2(Smad2),and Smad3;mitochondrial function-related genes in cartilage such as AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)and nuclear respiratory factor 1(Nrf-1);and vascular development-related genes such as myosin light chain(MLC),notch receptor 3(Notch3),and sphingosine kinase 1(Sphk1),are responsible for the limitation of 4D growth,which results in a higher 2D:4D ratio in boys with hypospadias via decreased endochondral *** study indicates that the ratio of 2D:4D is a risk marker of hypospadias and provides a potential molecular mechanism.

关键词： androgen receptor digit ratio(2D:4D) endochondral ossification hypospadias testosterone level

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Succession of bacteria communities during production and application of dairy bedding by membrane-covered aerobic fermentation

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 232-240页

作者： Hongjie Yin Jianfei Zeng chen fang Xueqin He Ya Su Jinpeng Xiong Lujia Han Guangqun Huang College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083China Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Agriculture Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

The cost of dairy manure treatment and bedding material purchase increases the operating cost of the dairy ***-covered aerobic fermentation system has been widely used for dealing with dairy manure and recycling the final product as bedding ***,the microbial safety in each processing step is still *** better understand the bacterial community dynamics during the whole bedding conversion process,a full-chain and large-scale experiment including 16-day membrane-covered aerobic fermentation and 11-day bedding material application was *** results showed that the pile temperatures in the fermentation stage rapidly increased to 80°C and maintained>50°C for more than 11 days and the use of fermentation product as bedding material provided cows with a stable and comfortable bedding *** Chao1 and Shannon index decreased at the end of the fermentation stage and remained stable in the application stage,indicating that membrane-covered aerobic fermentation effectively killed some pathogenic bacteria and guaranteed both the maturity and stability of the final *** dominant bacteria in the fermentation stage were Acinetobacter,Thermus,and Rhodothermus at genus *** common potential pathogens of mastitis(Staphylococcus,Enterococcus,Serratia,Pseudomonas,Corynebacterium,Mycobacterium,and Bacillus)were found at the end of fermentation stage but the relative abundance was low(0.0025%-0.2727%).The dominant bacteria in the application stage mainly included Acinetobacter,Pseudomonas,and Flavobacterium at the genus *** relative abundance of Pseudomonas increased in the application stage,which was a reminder to the dairy farm to pay attention to the disinfection and timely replacement of bedding material to prevent the occurrence of dairy *** results of this study contributed deep understanding of the microorganism-driven bedding conversion process and provide practical guidance and cautions for the bedding

关键词： semi-permeable membrane dairy manure aerobic fermentation bedding material bacterial diversity

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Endoscopic-ultrasound-guided biliary drainage with placement of electrocautery-enhanced lumen-apposing metal stent for palliation of malignant biliary obstruction:Updated meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 907-920页

作者： Zu-Xiang Peng fang-fang chen Wen Tang Xu Zeng Hong-Juan Du Ru-Xian Pi Hong-Ming Liu Xiao-Xiao Lu Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Daping HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing 400042China Department of Oncology Chongqing General HospitalChongqing UniversityChongqing 401147China Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Surgery People’s Hospital of Fenggang CountyGuizhou 564200Guizhou ProvinceChina Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor Center Chongqing University Cancer HospitalChongqing 400030China

BACKGROUND Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage using electrocautery-enhanced(ECE)delivery of lumen-apposing metal stent(LAMS)is gradually being re-cognized as a viable palliative technique for malignant biliary obstruction after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)***,most of the studies that have assessed its efficacy and safety were small and *** meta-analyses of six or fewer studies that were published 2 years ago were therefore underpowered to yield convincing *** To update the efficacy and safety of ECE-LAMS for treatment of biliary ob-struction after ERCP *** We searched PubMed,EMBASE,and Scopus databases from the inception of the ECE technique to May 13,*** outcome measure was pooled technical success rate,and secondary outcomes were pooled rates of clinical success,re-intervention,and adverse ***-analysis was performed using a random-effects model following Freeman-Tukey double-arcsine transformation in R soft-ware(version 4.1.3).RESULTS Fourteen eligible studies involving 620 participants were ultimately *** pooled rate of technical success was 96.7%,and clinical success was 91.0%.Adverse events were reported in 17.5%of *** reinter-vention rate was 7.3%.Subgroup analyses showed results were generally *** ECE-LAMS has favorable success with acceptable adverse events in relieving biliary obstruction when ERCP is *** consistency of results across most subgroups suggested that this is a generalizable approach.

关键词： Biliary obstruction Biliary drainage Electrocautery-enhanced lumen-apposing metal stents Endoscopic ultrasound Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography failure

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Role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases and the potential of microbiome-targeted d ietary strategies: A review of current evidence and future perspective

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Shuqing Zhang Wenjing chen chen Ma Yinghua Luo Li Dong Xiaosong Hu fang chen Daotong Li College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering， National Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing， Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing， Ministry of Agriculture， Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing， Ministry of Education， China Agricultural University

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs)， mainly including Alzheimer’s disease， Parkinson’s disease， and Multiple sclerosis， represent a major public health challenge with the steady increase of aging population worldwide. Emerging evidence has revealed the key role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the pathogenesis of NDs. Diet is one of the most important environmental factors shaping the structure and function of gut microbiota. Manipulating the gut microbiota through specific diet patterns may represent a promising approach for NDs prevention. In this review， we highlight gut microbiota variations in NDs， outline several crucial signaling pathways of the gut-brain communication， and discuss the interplay of nutrients-microbes and biological effect of diet-derived microbial metabolites on neural physiology. In particular， we summarized the current knowledge about the application of dietary patterns in NDs to prevent disease progression via the modulation of the gut microbiota. Our study provides novel insights on the diet-microbiota-gut-brain axis in neurodegenerative disorders and highlights the potential of developing microbiome-targeted personalized dietary intervention for NDs management.

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Fe-N-C core-shell catalysts with single low-spin Fe(Ⅱ)-N_(4)species for oxygen reduction reaction and high-performance proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 538-546,I0013页

作者： Yan Wan Linhui Yu Bingxin Yang Caihong Li chen fang Wei Guo fang-Xing Xiao Yangming Lin Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsHaixi InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021FujianChina CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021FujianChina Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002FujianChina College of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou UniversityNew CampusMinhou 350108FujianChina College of Chemistry and Materials Science Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117FujianChina

Fe-N-doped carbon materials(Fe-N-C)are promising candidates for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)relative to Pt-based catalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs).However,the intrinsic contributions of Fe-N_(4)moiety with different chemical/spin states(e.g.D1,D2,D3)to ORR are unclear since various states coexist *** the present work,Fe-N-C core-shell nanocatalyst with single lowspin Fe(Ⅱ)-N_(4)species(D1)is synthesized and identified with ex-situ ultralow temperature Mossbauer spectroscopy(T=1.6 K)that could essentially differentiate various Fe-N_(4)states and invisible Fe-O *** quantifying with CO-pulse chemisorption,site density and turnover frequency of Fe-N-C catalysts reach 2.4×10^(-9)site g^(-1)and 23 e site~(-1)s^(-1)during the ORR,***-wave potential(0.915V_(RHE))of the Fe-N-C catalyst is more positive(approximately 54 mV)than that of Pt/***,we observe that the performance of PEMFCs on Fe-N-C almost achieves the 2025 target of the US Department of Energy by demonstrating a current density of 1.037 A cm^(-2)combined with the peak power density of 0,685 W cm^(-2),suggesting the critical role of Fe(Ⅱ)-N_(4)site(D1).After 500 h of running,PEMFCs still deliver a power density of 1.26 W cm^(-2)at 1.0 bar H_(2)-O_(2),An unexpected rate-determining step is figured out by isotopic labelling experiment and theoretical *** work not only offers valuable insights regarding the intrinsic contribution of Fe-N_(4)with a single spin state to alkaline/acidic ORR,but also provides great opportunities for developing high-performance stable PEMFCs.

关键词： Fuel cells Oxygen reduction reaction Non-platinum group metals(PGMs) Isotopic labelling Active site TOF

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Retrospective Study Immune function status of postoperative patients with colon cancer for predicting liver metastasis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第2期16卷 463-470页

作者： Le Xiong fang-chen Liu Department of Clinical Laboratory Xiangyang No.1 People’s HospitalHubei University of MedicineXiangyang 441000Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Blood Transfusion Xiangyang No.1 People’s HospitalHubei University of MedicineXiangyang 441000Hubei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Colon cancer(CC)has a high incidence *** resection is the main treatment method for CC;however,liver metastasis(LM)often occurs *** liver contains both innate and adaptive immune cells that monitor and remove abnormal cells and *** LM,tumor cells secrete cytokines and exosomes to adjust the immune microenvironment of the liver,thus forming an inhibitory immune microenvironment for colonization by circulating tumor *** indicates that the immune state of patients with CC plays a crucial role in the occurrence and progression of *** To observe and analyze the relationship between immune status and expression of tumor factors in patients with LM of CC,and to provide a scientific interven-tion method for promoting the patient *** A retrospective analysis was *** baseline data of 100 patients with CC and 100 patients with CC who suffered from postoperative LM and were admitted to our hospital from May 2021 to May 2023 were included in the non-occurrence and occurrence groups,*** immune status of the pa-tients and the expression of tumor factor-related indicators in the two groups were compared,and the predictive value of the indicators for postoperative LM in patients with CC was *** Compared with the non-occurrence group,the expression of serum carcinoem-bryonic antigen(CEA),CA19-9,CA242,CA72-4 and CA50 in patients in the occurrence group were significantly higher,while the expression of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,natural killer(NK)and CD4+/CD25 in patients in the occurrence group were significantly lower(P0.05).Multivariate logistic regression model analysis revealed that the expressions of CEA,CA19-9,CA242,CA72-4,CA50,CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,NK,and CD4+/CD25 were associated with the LM in patients with *** expressions of serum CEA,CA19-9,CA242,CA72-4 and CA50,and low expressions of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,

关键词： Colon cancer Liver metastases Immune status Tumor factors Predicted value

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Dietary supplementation of benzoic acid and essential oils combination enhances intestinal resilience against LPS stimulation in weaned piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 878-897页

作者： Chang Cui Yulong Wei Yibo Wang Wen Ma Xiaoyu Zheng Jun Wang Ziwei Ma Caichi Wu Licui Chu Shihai Zhang Wutai Guan fang chen Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

Background The benefits of combining benzoic acid and essential oils(BAO)to mitigate intestinal impairment during the weaning process have been well established,while the detailed underlying mechanism has not been fully *** research has primarily focused on the reparative effects of BAO on intestinal injury,while neglecting its potential in enhancing intestinal stress *** In this study,we investigated the pre-protective effect of BAO against LPS-induced stress using a modified experimental *** were pre-supplemented with BAO for 14 d,followed by a challenge with LPS or saline to collect blood and intestinal *** Our findings demonstrated that BAO supplementation led to significant improvements in piglets’final weight,average daily gain,and feed intake/body gain ***,BAO supplementation positively influenced the composition of intestinal microbiota,increasing beneficial Actinobacteriota and Alloprevotella while reducing harmful Desulfobacterota,Prevotella and ***,BAO supplementation effectively mitigated oxidative disturbances and inflammatory responses induced by acute LPS *** was evidenced by elevated levels of T-AOC,SOD,and GSH,as well as decreased levels of MDA,TNF-α,and IL-6 in the ***,piglets subjected to LPS challenge and pre-supplemented with BAO exhibited significant improvements in intestinal morphological structure and enhanced integrity,as indicated by restored expression levels of Occludin and Claudin-1 compared to the non-supplemented *** analysis revealed that BAO supplementation enhanced the jejunal antioxidative capacity by increasing GSH-Px levels and decreasing MDA levels under the LPS challenge and stimulated the activation of the Nrf2 signaling ***,the reduction of TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways activation and proinflammatory factor were also observed in the jejunal of those piglets fed with ***

关键词： Anti-stress Benzoic acid Essential oils Intestine LPS Weaned piglets

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Dietary lycopene mitigates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by regulating Nrf2/PPARα-dependent ferroptosis

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Xunyu Song Daotong Li Jun Sun Xiaoying Zhang Li-Shu Wang fang chen College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering， National Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing， Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing， Ministry of Agriculture Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing， Ministry of Education， China Agricultural University Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Comprehensive Cancer Center， City of Hope National Medical Center

The global burden of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is on the rise. Researchers recognize inhibiting ferroptosis， a form of cell death leading to iron-dependent oxidative damage， as a promising therapy for treating NASH. Lycopene， a natural antioxidant compound， exhibits various pharmacological properties. However， the anti-NASH efficacy of the dietary recommended concentration of lycopene and the role of lycopene in combating ferroptosis in NASH have remained unclear. Our study investigated lycopene’s impact on ferroptosis in various diet-induced mouse NASH models and corresponding cellular models， unveiling its anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects. Our findings demonstrated that lycopene notably reduced ferroptosis in MCD (methionine- and choline-deficient diet)-fed mice and a normal mouse hepatocyte cell line (NCTC1469) by restoring balanced ferrous iron levels， lipid reactive oxygen species， and normal mitochondrial morphology. These effects were linked to the regulation of ferroptosis markers GPX4 and PTGS2. Additionally， lycopene’s anti-ferroptosis action was validated in mice fed a high-fat， high-cholesterol diet and HepG2 cells treated with free fatty acid. Our transcriptomic analysis highlighted PPARα as a primary target of lycopene， crucial for activating the glutathione system because GW6471， a PPARα antagonist， blocked lycopene-induced GPX4 activation. Furthermore， Nrf2 played a crucial role in lycopene’s impact on iron metabolism-related proteins (FTH1 and TFR1). Notably， when inhibiting PPARα or Nrf2 in MCD-fed mice by GW6471 or ML385， lycopene’s protective effects against ferroptosis and NASH progression diminished. These findings underscore the crucial role of PPARα-mediated glutathione system activation and Nrf2-mediated iron metabolism modulation in lycopene's anti-ferroptosis effects.

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Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage vs percutaneous transhepatic bile duct drainage in the management of malignant obstructive jaundice

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1592-1600页

作者： Qin-Qin Zhu Bing-fang chen Yue Yang Xue-Yong Zuo Wen-Hui Liu Ting-Ting Wang Yin Zhang Department of Gastroenterology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University(The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou)Changzhou 213000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University(The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou)Changzhou 213000Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Malignant obstructive jaundice(MOJ)is a condition characterized by varying degrees of bile duct stenosis and obstruction,accompanied by the progressive development of malignant tumors,leading to high morbidity and mortality ***,the two most commonly employed methods for its management are percutaneous transhepatic bile duct drainage(PTBD)and endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage(EUS-BD).While both methods have demonstrated favorable outcomes,additional research needs to be performed to determine their relative *** compare the therapeutic effectiveness of EUS-BD and PTBD in treating *** This retrospective analysis,conducted between September 2015 and April 2023 at The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University(The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou),involved 68 patients with *** patients were divided into two groups on the basis of surgical procedure received:EUS-BD subgroup(n=33)and PTBD subgroup(n=35).Variables such as general data,preoperative and postoperative indices,blood routine,liver function indices,myocardial function indices,operative success rate,clinical effectiveness,and complication rate were analyzed and compared between the *** In the EUS-BD subgroup,hospital stay duration,bile drainage volume,effective catheter time,and clinical effect-iveness rate were superior to those in the PTBD subgroup,although the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The puncture time for the EUS-BD subgroup was shorter than that for the PTBD subgroup(P<0.05).Postoperative blood routine,liver function index,and myocardial function index in the EUS-BD subgroup were significantly lower than those in the PTBD subgroup(P<0.05).Additionally,the complication rate in the EUS-BD subgroup was lower than in the PTBD subgroup(P<0.05).CONCLUSION EUS-BD may reduce the number of punctures,improve liver and myocardial functions,alleviate traumatic stress,and decrease complication rates in MOJ treatment

关键词： Percutaneous hepatic biliary drainage Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage Malignant obstructive jaundice Clinical effect Liver function Postoperative complications

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当代俄罗斯女性小说创作的若干转向

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外国文学 2024年第2期 24-32页

作者：陈方中国人民大学外国语学院北京100872

俄罗斯女性文学从20世纪八九十年代发展至今,其内部发生了若干转向。女性小说创作主题呈现多样化趋势,女作家们从家庭、女性私人生活等“小主题”转向个人历史、家族历史、20世纪国家历史以及跨越性别的全人类性质主题,聚焦族裔、身份... 详细信息

俄罗斯女性文学从20世纪八九十年代发展至今,其内部发生了若干转向。女性小说创作主题呈现多样化趋势,女作家们从家庭、女性私人生活等“小主题”转向个人历史、家族历史、20世纪国家历史以及跨越性别的全人类性质主题,聚焦族裔、身份、知识分子命运以及文化记忆等问题。女性叙事从内囿、封闭、私密的空间转向更为开阔的空间,河流、城市等空间形象扩大了女性叙事的边界和范围,而梦境等非现实空间则增强了叙事张力。女性作家更加偏爱长篇小说,文学创作呈现出更加多元化的特征,风格上的杂糅、虚构和非虚构之界限的模糊成为新的趋势。上述转向折射出当代俄罗斯女性作家创作的总体特征,也体现了当代俄罗斯女性文学作品中所渗透的女性意识的不断演进。

关键词：当代俄罗斯文学俄罗斯女性小说创作女性意识

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