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Operando Converting BiOCl into Bi_(2)O_(2)(CO_(3))_(x)Cl_(y) for Efficient Electrocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Formate

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第7期14卷 263-278页

作者： Huai Qin Fu Junxian Liu Nicholas M.Bedford Yun Wang Joshua Wright Peng Fei Liu chun fang Wen Liang Wang Huajie Yin Dongchen Qi Porun Liu Hua Gui Yang Huijun Zhao Centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy Gold Coast CampusGriffith UniversityGold CoastQLD 4222Australia School of Chemical Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia Department of Physics Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIL 60616USA Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237People’s Republic of China Centre for Materials Science School of Chemistry and PhysicsQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLD 4001Australia

Bismuth-based materials(e.g., metallic, oxides and subcarbonate) are emerged as promising electrocatalysts for converting CO_(2) to formate. However, Bio-based electrocatalysts possess high overpotentials, while bismuth oxides and subcarbonate encounter stability issues. This work is designated to exemplify that the operando synthesis can be an effective means to enhance the stability of electrocatalysts under operando CO_(2)RR conditions. A synthetic approach is developed to electrochemically convert Bi^(O)Cl into Cl-containing subcarbonate(Bi_(2)O_(2)(CO_(3))_(x)Cl_(y)) under operando CO_(2)RR conditions. The systematic operando spectroscopic studies depict that BiOCl is converted to Bi_(2)O_(2)(CO_(3))_(x)Cl_(y) via a cathodic potential-promoted anion-exchange process. The operando synthesizedBi_(2)O_(2)(CO_(3))_(x)Cl_(y) can tolerate-1.0 V versus RHE, while for the wet-chemistry synthesized pure Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3),the formation of metallic Bio occurs at-0.6 V versus RHE. At-0.8 V versus RHE, Bi_(2)O_(2)(CO_(3))_(x)Cl_(y) can readily attain a FEHCOO-of 97.9%,much higher than that of the pure Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3)(81.3%). DFT calculations indicate that differing from the pure Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3)-catalyzed CO_(2)RR, where formate is formed via a *OCHO intermediate step that requires a high energy input energy of 2.69 eV to proceed, the formation of H COO-over Bi_(2)O_(2)(CO_(3))_(x)Cl_(y) has proceeded via a *COOH intermediate step that only requires low energy input of 2.56 eV.

关键词： Carbon dioxide reduction Chloride-containing bismuth subcarbonate Cathodic potential-promoted anion-exchange Stability

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Development and Application of Lightning Protection Technologies in Power Grids of China

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高电压技术 2013年第10期39卷 2329-2343页

作者： GU Shanqiang CHEN Jiahong FENG Wanxing ZHAO chun fang Yuhe LI Tao State Grid Electric Power Research Institute Wuhan 430074 China

In recent years,along with the rapid expansion of power grids,the increasing complication of grid structures,and the development of smart grids and energy technologies,the lightning protection of power grids becomes increasingly *** grids of China have acquired significant achievements on lightning protection technologies,which are reviewed in this paper.A technical route of lightning protection is introduced in detail; it allows us to find problems through detection and measurement of lightning,to analyze problems through evaluation and simulation of lightning,to solve problems through lightning protection measures,and to prevent problems through hazard risk warning of *** the route,the technical breakthroughs of these four aspects in China are presented,including the chinese lightning detection network(CLDN),natural lightning observations,lightning faults detection at transmission lines,lightning current measurements,progresses in lightning distribution maps,lightning fault replays,lightning hazard risk evaluations,and lightning simulated experiments,as well as novel lightning protection *** practical devices and systems corresponding to the technologies mentioned above are also introduced and *** to the progress of lightning protection technologies in recent years,despite the rapidly growing length of transmission lines in China,the lightning accident rate is controlled at a certain level.

关键词：防雷技术电网结构中国灾害风险评估电模拟实验应用技术路线防雷措施

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Key details of the duodenal-jejunal bypass in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第45期17卷 5021-5027页

作者： Li-Ou Han chun Song chun-fang Song Li-Hong Zhou Su-Jun Cheng Department of General Surgery Harbin Medical University First Affiliated Hospital Harbin 150001 Heilongjiang Province China Department of Endocrinology Harbin Medical University First Affiliated Hospital Harbin 150001 Heilongjiang Province China

AIM: To investigate which surgical techniques and perioperative regimens yielded the best survival rates for diabetic rats undergoing gastric bypass. METHODS: We performed Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with reserved gastric volume, a procedure in which gastrointestinal continuity was reestablished while excluding the entire duodenum and proximal jejunal loop. We observed the procedural success rate, long-term survival, and histopathological sequelae associated with a number of technical modifications. These included: use of anatomical markers to precisely identify Treitz's ligament; careful dissection along surgical planes; careful attention to the choice of regional transection sites; reconstruction using full-thickness anastomoses; use of a minimally invasive procedure with prohemostatic pretreatment and hemorrhage control; prevention of hypo-thermic damage; reduction in the length of the procedure; and accelerated surgical recovery using fast-track surgical modalities such as perioperative permissive underfeeding and goal-directed volume therapy. RESULTS: The series of modif ications we adopted reduced operation time from 110.02 ± 12.34 min to 78.39 ± 7.26 min (P < 0.01), and the procedural success rate increased from 43.3% (13/30) to 90% (18/20) (P < 0.01), with a long-term survival of 83.3% (15/18) (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Using a number of fast-track and damage control surgical techniques, we have successfully established a stable model of gastric bypass in diabetic rats.

关键词：糖尿病大鼠十二指肠空肠手术成功率外科技术旁路 2型病理组织学

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THE ROLE FORE AIR FLOW IN SOIL SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2009年第5期21卷 640-646页

作者： ZHANG Xiao-yue ZHU Yue-ming fang chun-hui College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China

In order to investigate the effect of the pore air flow in the soil slope stability analysis, a water-air two-phase flow model, based on the multi-phase flow theory, is proposed and with the model, the water-phase and air-phase seepages of the soil slope in the stable seepage and rainfall situations are simulated. The soil slope safety coefficients are obtained according to the simulated pore air pressure and pore water pressure. The calculation results show that in the stable seepage situation, the influence of the pore air pressure on the soil slope stability can be neglected, while in the rainfall situation, the pore air pressure generated in the unsaturated zone will reduce the safety coefficient, and the larger the distance between the slip surface and the underground water level is, the greater the influence of the pore air pressure on the soil slope stability will be.

关键词： unsaturated soil water-air two-phase flow rainfall slope stability

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Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level Might Be a Useful Indicator of Disease Severity in Obese Children With Atopic Dermatitis:A Case-Control Study

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第1期7卷 6-11页

作者： Jing-Jing Chen Xiao-Kai fang Xiu-Mei Liu Xiao-chun Liu Xu Yao Department of Allergy and Rheumatology Hospital for Skin Diseases(Institute of Dermatology)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingJiangsu 210042China

Objective:To assess the relationship between the severity of atopic dermatitis(AD)in children of varying weight categories and their serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D]***:The study population comprised 899 patients with AD and 854 age-and sex-matched *** Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H tests were used to assess differences between groups,and Spearman correlation analysis was used to test ***:The 25(OH)D level in the AD group was M(Q_(25),Q_(75)),24.0(19.7,28.4)ng/mL,which was significantly lower than the control group(26.4[23.6,29.9]ng/mL;Z=-3.34,P=0.001).25(OH)D levels in children with AD were negatively correlated with body mass index(r=-0.30,P<0.001),Severity scoring of Atopic Dermatitis(SCORAD;r=-0.14,P<0.001),total immunoglobulin E(r=-0.13,P<0.001),and eosinophil(r=-0.08,P=0.017).There were statistically significant differences in 25(OH)D(H=18.46,P<0.001),total immunoglobulin E(H=9.13,P=0.010),eosinophil(H=67.17,P<0.001),and SCORAD(H=10.49,P=0.005)among groups with different body mass index *** 25(OH)D levels were 22.3(17.5,27.1)ng/mL in the overweight AD group and 22.3(17.6,25.7)ng/mL in the obese AD group,which were significantly lower than those in the normal-weight AD group(24.7[20.4,25.5]ng/mL;P=0.003,P=0.004).25(OH)D levels were negatively correlated with SCORAD in obese AD patients(r=-0.25,P=0.010).Conclusion:Vitamin D insufficient or deficient is obvious in children AD *** 25(OH)D levels in the overweight/obese AD group are significantly lower than those in the normal-weight AD *** D level is negatively correlated with SCORAD in obese children with AD.

关键词： atopic dermatitis vitamin D disease severity index immunoglobulin E body mass index eosinophil children overweight/obese

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肝脏疾病成分输血与相关检验指标主成分分析和预测研究

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肝脏 2024年第7期29卷 862-866页

作者：吴春芳杨森夏益兰汪月娥林勇姚玉荣楚青上海市静安区中心医院检验科 200040 上海市静安区中心医院感染科 200040 上海中医药大学附属曙光医院检验科上海市医学会

目的研究相关检验指标在肝脏疾病成分输血的主成分分析和预测模型。方法采用回顾性方法,收集2017年1月至2022年12月期间住院接受成分输血的肝脏疾病患者与非肝脏疾病患者作为研究对象,根据接受成分输血的类型分为输注悬浮红细胞组、输... 详细信息

目的研究相关检验指标在肝脏疾病成分输血的主成分分析和预测模型。方法采用回顾性方法,收集2017年1月至2022年12月期间住院接受成分输血的肝脏疾病患者与非肝脏疾病患者作为研究对象,根据接受成分输血的类型分为输注悬浮红细胞组、输注病毒灭活冰冻血浆组和输注单采血小板组。收集患者的一般资料和输血前相关实验室指标,包括血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞压积(HCT)、血小板计数(PLT)、凝血功能指标、肝功能指标以及输血情况,通过t检验与方差检验比较肝脏疾病与非肝脏疾病不同成分输血组上述指标的差异。采用KMO检验、Bartlett球形检验和碎石检验(Scree Test)验证多因子分析的适宜性,利用主成分分析(PCA)对各指标的方差贡献进行观察,评估各指标间的相关性。通过受试者工作曲线(ROC)分析评估各检验指标对于不同成分输血的预测价值。结果共纳入96例肝脏疾病患者与216例非肝脏疾病患者,肝脏疾病中57.3%患者输注血浆(55/96例),非肝脏疾病中54.2%患者接受红细胞输血(117/216例)。输注红细胞组肝病与非肝病患者Hb平均值分别为70.61 g/L和82.82 g/L;HCT平均值分别为20.80%和24.47%;丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)平均值分别为45.94 U/L和25.43 U/L;总胆红素平均值为44.38μmol/L和19.31μmol/L,这四项指标两组患者中存在显著差异(P<0.05)。在输注血浆组肝病与非肝病患者Hb平均值分别为73.45 g/L和111.43 g/L;HCT平均值分别为21.70%和31.06%;ALT平均值分别为59.33 U/L和28.33 U/L;天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)分别为44.35 U/L和22.52 U/L;INR平均值分别为1.43和1.07;以上指标存在显著差异(P<0.05)。输血血小板组肝病与非肝病患者PLT平均值分别为36.70×10^(9)/L和50.76×10^(9)/L;AST平均值分别为54.20 U/L和31.19 U/L;PT平均值分别为15.95 s和12.98 s;APTT平均值分别为54.42 s和29.90 s;INR平均值分别为1.36和1.11;以上五项指标存在显著差异(P<0.05)。PCA分析肝病患者不同成分输血前检验指标显示,血液指标和肝功能指标分布为第一和第二主要成分,非肝病患者输血前检验指标中肝功能和凝血指标为第一和第二主要成分。通过ROC曲线分析肝病患者接受红细胞输血组,HCT曲线下面积为0.912;血浆输血组中,INR和PT曲线下面积为0.964和0.953;在输注单采血小板组中,INR曲线下面积分别为0.938。结论本研究对于不同成分输血前各项指标相关性分析和模型预测,尤其对于肝病患者选择不同成分输血可以提供研究依据。

关键词：肝脏疾病成分输血检测指标主成分分析预测模型

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Memory State Feedback Control for Singular Systems with Multiple Internal Incommensurate Constant Point Delays

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自动化学报 2009年第2期35卷 174-179页

作者： JIANG Zhao-Hui GUI Wei-Hua XIE Yong-fang YANG chun-Hua School of Information Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha 410083 P. R. China

In this paper, the problem of delay-dependent stabilization for singular linear continuous-time systems with multiple internal incommensurate constant point delays (SLCS-MIID) is investigated. The condition when a singular system subject to point delays is regular independent of time delays is given and it can be easily tested with numerical or algebraic methods. Based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional approach and the descriptor integral-inequality lemma, a sufficient condition for delay-dependent stability is obtained. The main idea is to design multiple memory state feedback control laws such that the resulting closed-loop system is regular independently of time delays, impulse free, and asymptotically stable via solving some strict linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) problem. An explicit expression for the desired memory state feedback control law is also given. Finally, a numerical example illustrates effectiveness and availability for the proposed method.

关键词：时滞依赖自动化系统线性连续时间系统泛函方法

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Non-invasive biomarkers for monitoring the fibrogenic process in liver:A short survey

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第20期15卷 2433-2440页

作者： Axel M Gressner chun-fang Gao Olav A Gressner Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry Central Laboratory RWTH- University Hospital Aachen Pauwelsstr. 30 52074 Aachen Germany Department of Laboratory Medicine Eastern Hepatobiliary Hospital Second Military Medical University 225 Shanghai Road Shanghai 200438 China

The clinical course ofchronic liver diseases is significantly dependent on the progression rate and the extent offibrosis, i.e. the non-structured replacement of necrotic parenchyma by extracellular matrix. Fibrogenesis, i.e. the development offibrosis can be regarded as an unlimited wound healing process, which is based on matrix (connective tissue) synthesis in activated hepatic stellate cells, fibroblasts (fibrocytes), hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cells, which are converted to matrix-producing (myo-)fibroblasts by a process defined as epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Blood (noninvasive) biomarkers offibrogenesis and fibrosis can be divided into class and class analytes. Class biomarkers are those single tests, which are based on the pathophysiology offibrosis, whereas class biomarkers aremostly multiparametric algorithms, which have been statistically evaluated with regard to the detection and activity ofongoing fibrosis. Currently available markers fulfil the criteria ofideal clinical-chemical tests only partially, but increased understanding ofthe complex pathogenesis offibrosis offers additional ways for pathophysiologically well based serum (plasma) biomarkers. They include TGF-β-driven marker proteins, bone marrow-derived cells (fibrocytes), and cytokines, which govern proand anti-fibrotic activities. Proteomic and glycomic approaches ofserum are under investigation to set up specific protein or carbohydrate profiles in patients with liver fibrosis. These and other novel parameters will supplement or eventually replaceliver biopsy/histology, high resolution imaging analysis, and elastography for the detection and monitoring of patients at risk ofdeveloping liver fibrosis.

关键词：生物标志物肝纤维化侵入性进程监测

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Hole transport and phonon scattering in epitaxial PbSe films

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2008年第1期9卷 137-142页

作者： Jian-xiao SI Hui-zhen WU Tian-ning XU chun-fang CAO Department of Physics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China College of Physics and Mathematics Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China

The combined characterizations of mobility and phonon scattering spectra allow us to probe hole transport process in epitaxial PbSe crystalline films grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The measurements of Hall effect show p-type con- ductivity of PbSe epitaxial films. At 295 K, the PbSe samples display hole concentrations of (5～8)×1017 cm–3 with mobilities of about 300 cm2/(V·s), and at 77 K the hole mobility is as high as 3×103 cm2/(V·s). Five scattering mechanisms limiting hole mobilities are theoretically analyzed. The calculations and Raman scattering measurements show that, in the temperatures between 200 and 295 K, the scattering of polar optical phonon modes dominates the impact on the observed hole mobility in the epitaxial PbSe films. Raman spectra characterization observed strong optical phonon scatterings at high temperature in the PbSe epitaxial films, which is consistent with the result of the measured hole mobility.

关键词： PbSe 传导性电工材料半导体技术

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SKIP: an efficient search mechanism in unstructured P2P networks

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2010年第5期17卷 64-71页

作者： SHEN Wen-wu SU Sen SHUANG Kai YANG fang-chun State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China

Search efficiency and accuracy of resource are important considerations for search algorithm in peer-to-peer （P2P） *** search algorithms use flooding among neighbor nodes to search relevant ***,this usually causes great amount of redundant messages,which results in high search costs and low search *** this paper,we use vector space model （VSM） and relevance ranking algorithms to construct overlay network,and a novel search mechanism search with K-iteration preference （SKIP） based on semantic group for P2P networks is proposed to efficiently solve these *** key idea of SKIP is to reorder the semantic neighbors of nodes according to relevant scores and to utilize preference selection during the process of *** analysis and implement the scheme and reveal that the SKIP provides a low overhead on topology maintenance,which can be effectively used in P2P searching and verify it outperformance in higher precision and lower search cost by comparing with current semantic-based searching mechanism gnutella-like efficient searching system （GES）.

关键词： K-iteration preference SKIP P2P networks

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