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Convergent evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in human and animals

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Protein & Cell 2021年第11期12卷 832-835页

作者： hang-Yu Zhou Cheng-Yang Ji hang fan Na Han Xiao-Feng Li Aiping Wu Cheng-Feng Qin Center for Systems Medicine Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine Suzhou 215123China State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyAMMSBeijing 100071China

Recently,many SARS-CoV-2 variants including 501Y.V1,501Y.V2 and 501Y.V3 were detected in different regions(Table S1)and drew great attention from all over the *** 501Y.V1 was firstly isolated in the United Kingdom(UK)(Davies et al.,2020)and featured with 7 substitutions including N501Y as well as 3 deletions in S *** variant was identified to increase the viral transmissibility by 56%in comparison with the preexisting *** after this report,another SARS-CoV-2 variant(501Y.V2)featured with N501Y,K417N and E484K substitutions in S protein was supposed to rapidly outcompete the preexisting strains(Tegally et al.,2020)in South ***,the 501Y.V3 variant was initially detected in Brazil and has caused rapidly increased infections with SNPs N501Y,K417T and *** them,N501Y,K417N/T and E484K are of particular interest because the N501Y was shared in all three variants and the K417N/T and E484K were detected simultaneous appeared with N501Y in 501Y.V2 and 501Y.V3.

关键词： initially evolution

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基于TRIZ理论的专创融合教学探索与实践

中国现代教育装备 2024年第7期 171-173,185页

作者：毕海胜卜秋祥郭建章杭帆青岛科技大学山东青岛266061

专创融合课程建设是高校创新创业教育深化改革的方向,也是高校培养创新人才的重要途径,旨在解决当前面临的创新创业教育与专业教育结合不紧、创新课程与专业课程脱钩的棘手难题。油气储运工程是石油化工领域的特色交叉专业,基于TRIZ理... 详细信息

专创融合课程建设是高校创新创业教育深化改革的方向,也是高校培养创新人才的重要途径,旨在解决当前面临的创新创业教育与专业教育结合不紧、创新课程与专业课程脱钩的棘手难题。油气储运工程是石油化工领域的特色交叉专业,基于TRIZ理论探索油气储运工程专业课程的融合创新,对深化专创融合、提升教学质量具有重要的指导意义。

关键词：油气储运专创融合 TRIZ 创新课程专业课程

Phosphorus diffusion and activation in fluorine co-implanted germanium after excimer laser annealing

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第9期31卷 619-623页

作者： Chen Wang Wei-hang fan Yi-Hong Xu Yu-Chao Zhang Hui-Chen fan Cheng Li Song-Yan Cheng Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Devices School of Opto-electronic and Communiction EngineeringXiamen University of TechnologyXiamen 361024China Department of Physics Semiconductor Photonics Research CenterXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

The diffusion and the activation of phosphorus in phosphorus and fluorine co-implanted Ge after being annealed by excimer laser are *** results prove that the fluorine element plays an important role in suppressing phosphorus diffusion and enhancing phosphorus ***,the rapid thermal annealing process is utilized to evaluate and verify the role of fluorine *** the initial annealing of co-implanted Ge,it is easier to form high bonding energy FnVm clusters which can stabilize the excess vacancies,resulting in the reduced vacancy-assisted diffusion of *** maximum activation concentration of about 4.4 ×10^(20) cm^(-3) with a reduced diffusion length and dopant loss is achieved in co-implanted Ge that is annealed at a tailored laser fluence of 175 mJ/cm^(2).The combination of excimer laser annealing and co-implantation technique provides a reference and guideline for high level n-type doping in Ge and is beneficial to its applications in the scaled Ge MOSFET technology and other devices.

关键词： phosphorus diffusion activation concentration co-implanted fluorine germanium excimer laser annealing

Synergistic Effect of Phosphite with Fullerene C_(60) and Fullerenol C_(60)(OH)_(24) as Antioxidants in Polypropylene

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2014年第10期32卷 1357-1362页

作者： Jian-wei Zhang 李化毅 hang fan Yu Zhang Li Jiang Chun-ru Wang Chao Ma 刘玉军 Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Beijing Forestry University Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Nanostucture and NanotechnologyInstitute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

Polypropylene samples with fullerene C60, fullerenol C60（OH）24, 1010, C60/168, C60-OH/168 and 1010/168 as antioxidants were prepared by extrusions. MFR, YI, TGA and OIT of all the samples were tested. According to the results of MFR, during the melt extrusion, fullerene showed excellent stability effect on PP. The antioxidative ability of fullerene was comparable to the traditional antioxidant 1010. The antioxidative ability of fullerenol was not significant in the first extrusion and it accelerated the degradation of PP in the second and the third extrusions. TGA and OIT tests showed that the stability effects of fullerene and fullerenol were slightly lower than antioxidant 1010. In the first time, antioxidant 168 was reported to show great synergistic effects with fullerene and fullerenol as antioxidants, which sussested a simple way to enhance the antioxidative abilities of fullerene and fullerenol.

关键词： Antioxidant Degradation Fullerene Fullerenol Polypropylene Stability

Variation of the Vaginal Microbiome During and After Pregnancy in Chinese Women

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2022年第2期20卷 322-333页

作者： Xiaoai Zhang Qingzhi Zhai Jinfeng Wang Xiuling Ma Bo Xing hang fan Zhiying Gao fangqing Zhao Wei Liu State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyBeijing 100071China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology First Medical CenterThe General Hospital of the People’s Liberation ArmyBeijing 100853China Computational Genomics Lab Beijing Institutes of Life ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Key Laboratory of Vector Borne and Natural Focus Infectious Disease Beijing 100071China Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China Key Laboratory of Systems Biology Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

A comprehensive profiling of the vaginal microbial communities and their variability enables an accurate description of the microbiome in ***,there is a lack of studies available on Chinese *** the present study,the composition of the vaginal microbiota during pregnancy and the 6-week postpartum period of 454 Chinese women was characterized by sequencing the V3-V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)*** vaginal microbiome showed variations during pregnancy and the postpartum period based on the abortion history,hypertensive disorders,delivery mode,and maternal ***-variation of 22 bacterial taxa,including the Lactobacillus genus and two of its species,may account for the common characteristics of the vaginal microbiome under scenarios of different medical histories and pregnancy *** contrast,discriminant bacterial species were significantly different between women who had preterm birth(PTB)with and without premature rupture of membranes(PROM),and the community state type(CST)IV-A without any predominant Lactobacillus species in the microbiota was more prevalent during pregnancy in the PROM-PTB cases,suggesting that specific bacterial species could be considered to distinguish between different types of *** providing data on Chinese women,this study will enrich the knowledge of the human microbiome and contribute to a better understanding of the association between the vaginal microbiome and reproductive health.

关键词： Chinese pregnant women Vaginal microbiota Postpartum Pregnancy complication Premature rupture of membranes Preterm birth

Numerical simulation of formaldehyde distribution characteristics in the high-speed train cabin

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Building Simulation 2024年第2期17卷 285-300页

作者： fan Wu hang Dong Chao Yu Hengkui Li Qingmin Cui Renze Xu Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track Ministry of EducationSchool of Traffic&Transportation EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410075China Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technologies for Rail Traffic Safety ChangshaHunan410075China National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle ChangshaHunan410075China School of Software Henan University of EngineeringZhengzhouHenan451191China

The global concern over indoor air pollution in public vehicles has grown *** a focus on enhancing passengers’comfort and health,this study endeavors to investigate the distribution characteristics of formaldehyde within a high-speed train cabin by employing a computational fluid dynamics(CFD)model which is experimentally validated in a real cabin *** research focuses on analyzing the impact of air supply modes,temperature,relative humidity,and fresh air change rate on the distribution and concentration of *** results demonstrate that the difference in average formaldehyde concentration between the two air supply modes is below 1.3%,but the top air supply mode leads to a higher accumulation of formaldehyde near the sidewalls,while the bottom air supply mode promotes a more uniform distribution of ***,the temperature,relative humidity,and fresh air change rate are the primary factors affecting formaldehyde concentration levels,but they have modest effects on formaldehyde’s distribution pattern within the *** the temperature and relative humidity increase,the changes in formaldehyde concentrations in response to variations in these factors become more ***,the formaldehyde concentration may surpass the standard limit of 0.10 mg/m^(3)if the fresh air change rate falls below 212 m^(3)/*** research provides a systematic approach and referenceable results for exploring formaldehyde pollution in high-speed train cabins.

关键词： indoor air pollution formaldehyde CFD simulation high-speed train ventilation

A High Figure-of-Merit SOI MOSFET with a Double-Sided Charge Oxide-Trench

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Chinese Physics Letters 2013年第8期30卷 212-215页

作者： fan Yuan-hang LUO Xiao-Rong WANG Pei ZHOU Kun Zhang Bo LI Zhao-Ji State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054

A novel silicon-on-insulator(SOI)metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor(MOSFET)with a high figure of merit(FOM)is *** device features a double-sided charge oxide-trench(DCT)and a trench gate extended to the buried ***,the oxide trench causes multiple-dimensional depletion in the drift region,which not only improves the electric field(E-field)strength,but also enhances the reduced surface field ***,self-adaptive charges are collected in the DCT,which enhances the E-field strength of the trench ***,the oxide trench folds the drift region along the vertical direction,reducing the device cell ***,one side of the DCT regions acts as the body contact of p-well to reduce cell pitch and specific on-resistance(R_(on,sp))*** with a trench gate lateral double-diffused MOSFET,the DCT MOSFET increases the breakdown voltage(BV)from 53 V to 158 V at the same cell pitch of 3.5μm,or reduces the cell pitch by 60%and Ron,sp by 70%at the same *** FOM(FOM=BV^(2)/Ron,sp)of the proposed structure is 23 MW/cm^(2).

关键词： trench breakdown Figure

New hybrid FDTD algorithm for electromagnetic problem analysis

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第7期28卷 211-215页

作者： Xin-Bo He Bing Wei Kai-hang fan Yi-Wen Li Xiao-Long Wei School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Xidian University Xi'an 710071 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding at Xidian University Xi'an 710071 China Science and Technology on Plasma Dynamic Laboratory Airforce Engineering University Xi'an 710038 China

Since the time step of the traditional finite-difference time-domain(FDTD) method is limited by the small grid size, it is inefficient when dealing with the electromagnetic problems of multi-scale ***, the explicit and unconditionally stable FDTD(US-FDTD) approach has been developed to break through the limitation of Courant–Friedrich–Levy(CFL) ***, the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the system matrix must be calculated before the time iteration in the explicit ***, the eigenvalue decomposition is also time consuming, especially for complex electromagnetic problems in practical *** addition, compared with the traditional FDTD method, the explicit US-FDTD method is more difficult to introduce the absorbing boundary and plane *** solve the drawbacks of the traditional FDTD and the explicit US-FDTD, a new hybrid FDTD algorithm is proposed in this *** combines the explicit US-FDTD with the traditional FDTD, which not only overcomes the limitation of CFL condition but also reduces the system matrix dimension, and introduces the plane wave and the perfectly matched layer(PML) absorption boundary *** the hybrid algorithm, the calculation of the eigenvalues is only required in the fine mesh region and adjacent coarse mesh ***, the calculation efficiency is greatly ***, the plane wave and the absorption boundary introduction of the traditional FDTD method can be directly *** results demonstrate the effectiveness, accuracy, stability, and convenience of this hybrid algorithm.

关键词： unconditionally stable hybrid FDTD algorithm electromagnetic problem

Influences of enteral nutrition combined with probiotics on gut microflora and barrier function of rats with abdominal infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第27期12卷 4352-4358页

作者： Tong-Yi Shen Huan-Long Qin Zhi-Guang Gao Xiao-Bing fan Xiao-Ming hang Yan-Qun Jiang Department of Surgery Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200233 China

AIM： To investigate the influences of enteral, parenteral nutrition and probiotics delivered by gut on intestinal microecology, epithelial tight junctions, immune and barrier function of rats with abdominal infection. METHODS： Rat abdominal infection models established with cecal ligation and perforation method, were divided into three groups： parenteral nutrition （PN group, n = 7）, PN＋enteral nutrition （EN group, n = 7） and PN ＋ EN ＋ probiotics （probiotics group, n = 7） via the needle jejunostomy and neck vein for five days. The total nutritional supplement of the three groups was isonitrogenic and isocaloric. Probiotics was delivered by jejunostomy 10 mL/d （1 x 10^8 cfu/mL）. The rats were killed on the sixth day. The feces in the cecum were cultured for anaerobic bacterial growth and analyzed with bacterial group DNA fingerprint profile with random amplified polymorphic DNA. The transmembrane binding proteins （occludin） and IgA level in plasma cells of intestine epithelium in colon and terminal ileum were measured by an immunohistochemistry method. The ultrastructure of intestinal epithelial tight junctions in colon and small intestine was observed by electronmicroscopy. Vena cava blood and the homogenated tissue of liver, lung and mesenteric lymph nodes were cultured to determine the bacterial translocations, and endotoxin in the blood from portal vein was detected. RESULTS：（1） The amount of bacteria of gut species in EN group and probiotic group was higher than that in PN group. The DNA-proflles in EN group and probiotic group were similar to that of normal rats. The number of DNAprofiles in probiotics group was much more than that in PN group and EN group. Moreover, there were strange stripes in PN group. （2） The expression of occludin and IgA in the small and large intestine in EN group （2.309 ± 0.336, 15.440 ± 2.383） and probiotic group （2.938 ± 0.515, 16.230 ± 3.183） was improved as compared with PN group （1.207 ± 0.587, P 〈 0.05, 11.189 ± 2.108, P 〈 0.

关键词： Probiotics Enteral nutrition Gut flora Transmembrane binding proteins Gut barrier function