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Contributors to tidal duration asymmetry with varied coastline configurations on western shelf of Yellow Sea

Water Science and Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 1-12页

作者： Xi feng zheng Li Hui feng Jia-yan Yang Shou-peng Xie Wei-bing feng College of Harbor.Coastal and Offshore Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China China Harbour Engineering Co. LtdBeijing 100027China Key Laboratory of Port Waterway and Sedimentation Engineering of the Ministry of CommunicationsNanjing 210029China China South-to-North Water Diversion Corporation Limited Beijing 100036China

Coastal management in China is confronted with an urgent choice between natural restoration and maintenance of existing seawalls and reclaimed land for economic development.A key criterion for making this decision is the resilience to coastal flooding,which depends on the ability to predict tidal *** duration asymmetry(TDA)is a key parameter in determination of the arrival and duration of flood *** study selected the western inner shelf of the Yellow Sea(WYS)as the study area and investigated the responses of TDA to different shoreline configurations and relative sea level *** responses of TDA to shoreline reconstruction yielded spatial variability locally and *** the nearshore area,the responses of TDA to the complex ocean environment mainly originated from the combined functions of reflection,bottom friction,and advection,which controlled the energy transfer from M2 or S2 constituents to their overtides or compound *** sensitivity of TDA to coastline typologies was not limited to coastal waters but could stretch over the entire inner *** vulnerability of tidal responses was due to the displacement of the M2 amphidrome of the Kelvin wave on the WYS,which in turn changed tidal energy fluxes over the *** relative sea level rise could intensify the feedback of TDA to seawalls and land reclamation.

关键词： Tidal duration asymmetry Western inner shelf of Yellow Sea Natural restoration Relative sea level rise Tidal amphidrome

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Developments in the study of Chinese herbal medicine's assessment index and action mechanism for diabetes mellitus

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第4期7卷 433-443页

作者： Xin-Yue Liu Han-Wen zheng feng-Zhong Wang Tul-Wahab Atia Bei fan Qiong Wang Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina Sino-Portugal TCM International Cooperation Center the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina Dr.Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research International Center for Chemical and Biological SciencesUniversity of KarachiKarachiPakistan

In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),based on various pathogenic symptoms and the‘golden chamber’medical text,Huangdi Neijing,diabetes mellitus falls under the category‘collateral disease’.TCM,with its wealth of experience,has been treating diabetes for over two *** antidiabetic Chinese herbal medicines re-duce blood sugar,with their effective ingredients exerting unique *** well as a glucose lowering effect,TCM also regulates bodily functions to prevent diabetes associated complications,with reduced side effects compared to western synthetic *** herbal medicine is usually composed of polysaccharides,saponins,al-kaloids,flavonoids,and *** active ingredients reduce blood sugar via various mechanism of actions that include boosting endogenous insulin secretion,enhancing insulin sensitivity and adjusting key enzyme activity and scavenging free *** actions regulate glycolipid metabolism in the body,eventually achiev-ing the goal of normalizing blood *** different animal models,a number of molecular markers are available for the detection of diabetes induction and the molecular pathology of the disease is becoming ***,there is a dearth of scientific data about the pharmacology,dose-effect relationship,and structure-activity relationship of TCM and its *** research into the efficacy,toxicity and mode of action of TCM,using different metabolic and molecular markers,is key to developing novel TCM antidiabetic formulations.

关键词： animal model Chinese herbal medicine diabetes mellitus evaluation index mechanism of action

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Programmable curvilinear self-propelling of droplets without preset channels

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Droplet 2024年第4期3卷 21-28页

作者： Shile feng Yongping Hou Yongmei zheng Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Institution of ChemistryBeihang University(BUAA)BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing Dalian University of TechnologyDalianChina

Curvilinear self-propelling of droplets has attracted great interest in the past few decades due to their irreplaceable roles in many *** understanding is that a droplet moves only along a preset channel formed by morphology or chemi-cal *** programmable curvilinear droplet motion independent of a preset channel remains greatly ***,we report a programmable curvi-linear self-propelling of droplets(circle,divergence,and convergence)based on the collaboration of the curvilinear wetting gradient and the Leidenfrost *** design achieves motion trajectory in a well-controlled manner as well as high velocity and long distance of droplet transport independent of the preset ***,the motion behaviors of droplets could be predicted accurately by theoretic *** envi-sion that our unique design could manifest extensive practical applications in fluidic devices,liquid transport,and heat transfer systems.

关键词： effect. curvilinear replace

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Alleviated photoinhibition on nitrification in the Indian Sector of the Southern Ocean

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第7期43卷 52-69页

作者： Lingfang fan Min Chen Zifei Yang Minfang zheng Yusheng Qiu College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China

Nitrification,a central process in the marine nitrogen cycle,produces regenerated nitrate in the euphotic zone and emits N_(2)O,a potent greenhouse gas as a *** regulatory mechanisms of nitrification in the Southern Ocean,which is a critical region for CO_(2)sequestration and radiative benefits,remain poorly ***,we investigated the in situ and dark nitrification rates in the upper 500 m and conducted substrate kinetics experiments across the Indian Sector in the Cosmonaut and Cooperation seas in the late austral *** findings indicate that light inhibition of nitrification decreases exponentially with depth,exhibiting a light threshold of 0.53%photosynthetically active radiation.A positive relationship between dark nitrification and apparent oxygen utilization suggests a dependence on substrate availability from primary ***,an increased NH_(4)^(+) supply can act as a buffer against photo-inhibitory ***,substrate affinity(α)increases with depth and transitions from light to dark,decreases with increasing ambient NH_(4)^(+)and exhibits a latitudinal distribution,reflecting substrate utilization *** also reveal that upwelling in Circumpolar Deep Water(CDW)stimulates nitrification through the introduction of potentially higher iron and deep diverse nitrifying microorganisms with higherα.We conclude that although light is the primary limiting factor for nitrification in summer,coupling between substrate availability and CDW upwelling can overcome this limitation,thereby alleviating photoinhibition by up to 45%±5.3%.

关键词： nitrification light inhibition substrate affinity circumpolar deep water(CDW)upwelling the Southern Ocean

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NbB_(2)Modified Al-Cu Alloys Fabricated by Freeze-Ablation Casting under High Cooling Rate Solidification

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第5期37卷 921-938页

作者： Xiang Kong Yu Wang Hong Xu Haotian fan Yuewu zheng Beibei Xie School of Materials Science and Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China

At present,improving the properties of aluminum alloys is generally achieved by increasing the cooling rate of the melt and adding micro-nano *** the cooling rate of the melt to improve the refining effect of grain refiner is still a difficult problem in the aluminum alloy casting *** innovative and environmentally friendly casting process,known as freeze ablation,was introduced during the preparation of an Al–NbB_(2) intermediate *** process significantly enhanced the cooling rate of the *** results indicated that the Al–NbB_(2) intermediate alloy produced under high cooling rates had a noticeable refining effect on Al–Cu alloys,with smaller NbB2 particles demonstrating superior refining *** average grain size of the refined Al–Cu alloy decreased from 154 to 69μm,the tensile strength increased by 12%,the fluidity increased by 18.4%,and the hot tearing index decreased from 144 to *** matching degree between NbB_(2) andα-Al was calculated using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and the edge-to-edge *** was found that the atomic interplanar spacing and the interatomic spacing mismatch between NbB_(2)’splane and Al were both less than 10%,which further proved that NbB2 could serve as an effective nucleation site forα-Al grains to achieve grain refinement.

关键词： Grain refinement Freeze ablation Particle size control Mechanical properties Process properties

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Designing metal-organic framework fiber network reinforced polymer electrolytes to provide continuous ion transport in solid state lithium metal batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2719-2727页

作者： Wanqing fan Ying Huang Meng Yu Kaihang She Jingren Gou zheng Zhang MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Beijing Key Laboratory of Membrane Materials and Engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Polyethylene oxide(PEO)-based solid-state electrolytes are considered ideal for electrolyte materials in solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs).However,practical applications are hindered by the lower conductivity and poor interfacial ***,we propose a strategy to construct a three-dimensional(3D)fiber network of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs).Composite solid electrolytes(CSEs)with continuous ion transport pathways were fabricated by filling a PEO polymer matrix in fibers containing interconnected *** 3D fiber network provides a fast Li+transport path and effectively improves the ionic conductivity(1.36×10^(-4) S·cm^(-1),30℃).In addition,the network of interconnected MOFs not only effectively traps the anions,but also provides sufficient mechanical strength to prevent the growth of Li *** from the advantages of structural design,the CSEs stabilize the Li/electrolyte interface and extend the cycle life of the Li-symmetric cells to 3000 *** assembled SSLMBs exhibit excellent cycling performance at both room and high *** addition,the constructed pouch cells can provide an areal capacity of 0.62 mA·h·cm^(-2),which can still operate under extreme *** work provides a new strategy for the design of CSEs with continuous structure and stable operation of SSLMBs.

关键词： polyethylene oxide(PEO) solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs) three-dimensional fiber network composite solid electrolytes(CSEs)

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Towards the universal defense for query-based audio adversarial attacks on speech recognition system

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Cybersecurity 2024年第1期7卷 53-70页

作者： feng Guo zheng Sun Yuxuan Chen Lei Ju School of Cyber Science and Technology Shandong UniversityQingdaoChina Quancheng Laboratory QCLJinanChina

Recently,studies show that deep learning-based automatic speech recognition(ASR)systems are vulnerable to adversarial examples(AEs),which add a small amount of noise to the original audio *** AE attacks pose new challenges to deep learning security and have raised significant concerns about deploying ASR systems and *** existing defense methods are either limited in application or only defend on results,but not on *** this work,we propose a novel method to infer the adversary intent and discover audio adversarial examples based on the AEs generation *** insight of this method is based on the observation:many existing audio AE attacks utilize query-based methods,which means the adversary must send continuous and similar queries to target ASR models during the audio AE generation *** by this observation,We propose a memory mechanism by adopting audio fingerprint technology to analyze the similarity of the current query with a certain length of memory ***,we can identify when a sequence of queries appears to be suspectable to generate audio *** extensive evaluation on four state-of-the-art audio AE attacks,we demonstrate that on average our defense identify the adversary’s intent with over 90%*** careful regard for robustness evaluations,we also analyze our proposed defense and its strength to withstand two adaptive ***,our scheme is available out-of-the-box and directly compatible with any ensemble of ASR defense models to uncover audio AE attacks effectively without model retraining.

关键词： Adversarial attacks Defense Memory mechanism Query-based

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Changes in the microbial community structure and diversity during the electricity generation process of a microbial fuel cell with algal-film cathode

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Clean Energy 2024年第5期8卷 177-185页

作者： Haiping Wang Liguo zheng Changyin Tan Ling Li feng Liu Hui feng Changsha Environmental Protection Vocational College Changsha 410004HunanChina School of Geographic Sciences Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081HunanChina Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125HunanChina

A two-chamber microbial fuel cell(MFC)with algal-film cathode was *** showed good electric-generating performance with three electric-generating stages:start-up,development,and *** average output voltage reached~0.412 V during the stable period.A maximum power density during continuous operation was 19.76 mW/m^(2).Bacterial samples were collected from the anode in the three stages(A1,A2,and A3),and their community structure and diversity were analyzed using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology.A total of 4238 operational taxonomic units were identified based on the number of *** the phylum level,Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes played a dominant role in the three stages and increased significantly during electricity *** with A1,the relative abundances of Proteobacteria in A2 and A3 increased by 23.30%and 32.06%,respectively,whereas those of Bacteroidetes in A2 and A3 increased by 5.56%and 14.50%,*** the genus level,there were differences in the composition of bacterial communities among the three *** and Chlorobium became the dominant genera in A2,replacing Nitrospira and norank_f__Saprospiraceae in A1,and Sphingobacterium and Ochrobactrum became the dominant genera in *** to the sample cluster and principal component analyses,A1 was clustered into one class,and A2 and A3 were clustered into a second *** work revealed bacterial community succession at the anode of an algal-film cathode MFC during the electricity generation process,which provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent promotion of electricity generation by algal-film cathode MFCs.

关键词： microbial fuel cell electricity generation high-throughput sequencing bacterial community

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Dynamic collapse characteristics of the tunnel face induced by the shutdown of earth pressure balance shields(EPB):A 3D material point method study

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Underground Space 2024年第3期16卷 164-182页

作者： Shuying Wang Tingyu Liu Xiangcou zheng Junsheng Yang feng Yang School of Civil Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410075HunanChina Tunnel and Underground Engineering Research Center of Central South University Changsha 410075HunanChina Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Rail Transit Engineering Structures Central South UniversityChangsha 410075HunanChina

The collapse of the tunnel face is a prevalent geological disaster in *** study employs a three-dimensional(3D)material point method(MPM)to simulate the dynamic collapse process and post-failure mechanisms of the tunnel *** specific focus is on the scenario where the auxiliary air pressure balanced shield with a partially filled chamber is shut *** assess the suitability of the 3D MPM,numerical solutions are compared with the results from small-scale experimental ***,a series of large-scale numerical simulations is conducted to explore the dynamic collapse characteristics of the tunnel face induced by the shutdown of the EPB shield under various support air pressures and cutter head *** temporal evolution of the accumulated soil masses in the soil chamber and ground responses under different support air pressures,cutter head types and opening ratios are *** particular,the associated surface subsidence due to the tunnel face collapse is determined and compared with empirical *** results confirm the applicability of the 3D MPM for simulating the large-scale tunnel face collapse scenarios,spanning from small to large deformation analysis.

关键词： Large deformation Material point method Partially filled chamber Post-failure mechanism Shield tunnel Tunnel face collapse

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Liquid-mediated Ostwald ripening of Ag-based clusters supported on oxides

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 4971-4978页

作者： Conghui Liu Rongtan Li Yamei fan Shiwen Li Xiaohui feng Lu feng Yanxiao Ning Qiang Fu School of Chemistry Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsDalian 116023China

Reconstruction of supported nanocatalysts often occurs in gas-solid reactions and significantly affects the catalytic performance,yet it is much less explored in liquid-phase ***,we find that highly-dispersed Ag nanocatalysts,i.e.,AgOx clusters,supported on alumina,silica,and titania,can aggregate into larger Ag or Ag2O particles after immersing in liquid-phase media at room *** spontaneous aggregation of AgOx clusters in liquid water is attributed to liquid-phase Ostwald ripening through dissolution of AgOx clusters into water and subsequent redeposition to form Ag2O *** immersion into organic solvents such as ethanol leads to reduction of AgOx clusters and further growth into Ag *** work reveals that liquid-phase reaction media can induce substantial structural evolution of supported nanostructured catalysts,which should be carefully considered in liquid-solid interface catalytic reactions such as electrocatalysis,environmental catalysis,and organic synthesis in liquid phase.

关键词： Ag catalysts Ostwald ripening liquid phase media dissolution-deposition process

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