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Widespread glacier advances across the Tian Shan during Marine Isotope Stage 3.not supported by climate-glaciation simulations

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Fundamental research 2023年第1期3卷 102-110页

作者： Qing Yan Lewis A.Owen Chuncheng Guo Zhongshi Zhang Jinzhe Zhang huijun wang nansen-zhu {2. {3. Centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster/Collaborative Innovation center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Marine Earthand Atmospheric ScienceNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695United States NORCE Norwegian research Centre Bjerknes Centre for Climate ResearchBergenNorway Department of Atmospheric Science School of Environmental StudiesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Whether there were more extensive glaciations during the Marine Isotope Stage(MIS)3.relative to MIS 2.across the Tian Shan in Central Asia is intensely debated because of the uncertainty in chronological data and fully understanding the driving *** help resolve the ongoing debate,we assess the climate sensitivity of the glaciers and reconstruct the extent of glaciation during MIS 2.and 3.across the Tian Shan,using a glacier-resolving(2.0×2.0 m)ice sheet model asynchronously coupled with a global climate *** results demonstrate that the equilibrium-line altitude(ELA)over the Tian Shan decreases by∼180 m for every 1°C cooling under a modern precipitation regime,but precipitation reduction greatly lowers the sensitivity of the glaciers to temperature decrease(e.g.,the effect of 2.C cooling is broadly offset by a 50%decrease in precipitation).Under the modeled colder/drier-than-present climate,the model predicts an ELA depression(∆ELA)of∼75 m(162.m)over the Tian Shan during MIS 3.interstadials(stadials).The extent of MIS 3.glaciation is much smaller than that during MIS 2.i.e.,∆ELA=∼72. m).The more extensive glaciation during MIS 2.is largely attributed to the enhanced summer ***,through a site-to-site model-data comparison,we find that the closest match between the modeled glacier margin and the locations of the glacial deposits previously argued to be MIS 3.is generally achieved under MIS 2.climatic *** results suggest more extensive glacier advances over the Tian Shan during MIS 2.than MIS 3.on a regional scale,although MIS 3.glaciation may still occur in individual glacier *** pattern suggests general synchronicity with the timing of maximum Northern Hemisphere ice sheets during the last glacial,which should be further tested in a multimodel framework in the future.

关键词： Glacier modeling Glacier sensitivity MIS 3 MIS 2 Tian Shan Paleoclimate modeling

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Influence of Strong Tropical Volcanic Eruptions on Daily Temperature and Precipitation Extremes Across the Globe

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Journal of Meteorological research 2021年第3期35卷 428-443页

作者： Tao wang Jiapeng MIAO huijun wang Jianqi SUN Climate Change research center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 Collaborative Innovation center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044 nansen-zhu {2. {3.{4. Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044

This study investigates the influences of strong tropical volcanic eruptions(SVEs) on daily temperature and precipitation extreme events using long-term simulations from the Hadley Centre Coupled Model version 3.HadCM3. and the Community Earth System Model version 1.1(CESM1). The results indicate that the occurrences of daily hot extremes and daily heavy precipitation extremes decrease over most parts of the world in the peak forcing years of SVEs. Due to the volcanic cooling effect, the average probability of daily hot extremes decreases by approximately 50% across the globe. The decrease in intensity is stronger for midlatitude land regions and tropical South *** contrast, daily cold extremes occur more frequently over most parts of continental regions. Globally, a cold extreme event expected once every 3.years under non-volcanic conditions can be expected every 1.5 years on average in the peak forcing years. Overall, the SVE-induced cooling effect plays a dominant role in regulating daily cold and hot extremes. Over high-latitude Eurasian regions, in contrast to other continental regions, the probability and intensity of daily cold extremes decrease due to an SVE-strengthened polar vortex and the associated temperature advection anomalies. With regard to daily heavy precipitation extremes, the probability and intensity both decrease over most monsoon areas. Further analysis suggests that the reduced probability and intensity of daily heavy precipitation extremes are mainly due to the SVE-induced global decrease in the water-holding capacity.

关键词： strong tropical volcanic eruption(SVE) daily extremes temperature precipitation

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B1-cell-produced anti-phosphatidylserine antibodies contribute to lupus nephritis development via TLR-mediated Syk activation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第8期20卷 881-894页

作者： Kongyang Ma Wenhan Du Shiyun wang fan Xiao Jingyi Li Jie Tian Yida Xing Xiaodan Kong {2. Rui Rencai Qin Xiaoxia {3. Jing wang Cainan Luo Haijing Wu Yun Zhang Chengping Wen Lan He Dongzhou Liu Hejian Zou Qianjin Lu Lijun Wu Liwei Lu Centre for Infection and Immunity Studies School of MedicineThe Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen518107GuangdongChina Department of Pathology and Shenzhen institute of research and Innovation The University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China Department of Rheumatology Shenzhen People’s HospitalThe Second Clinical Medical CollegeJinan UniversityShenzhenChina Chongqing international institute for Immunology Chongqing400038China Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Southwest HospitalThe First Hospital Affiliated to Army Medical UniversityChongqing400038China Department of Laboratory Medicine Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Medical ImmunologyJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina Department of Rheumatology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina Department of Rheumatology Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Rheumatology and Immunology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710061ShaanxiChina Department of Rheumatology and Immunology People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionUrumqiChina Department of Dermatology Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical EpigenomicsSecond Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina key Laboratory of chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province Institute of Basic Research in Clinical MedicineCollege of Basic Medical ScienceZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou310053China Centre for Oncology and Immunology Hong Kong Science ParkHong KongChina

Autoantibodies produced by B cells play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, both the cellular source of antiphospholipid antibodies and their contributions to the development of lupus nephritis (LN) remain largely unclear. Here, we report a pathogenic role of anti-phosphatidylserine (PS) autoantibodies in the development of LN. Elevated serum PS-specific IgG levels were measured in model mice and SLE patients, especially in those with LN. PS-specific IgG accumulation was found in the kidney biopsies of LN patients. Both transfer of SLE PS-specific IgG and PS immunization triggered lupus-like glomerular immune complex deposition in recipient mice. ELISPOT analysis identified B1a cells as the main cell type that secretes PS-specific IgG in both lupus model mice and patients. Adoptive transfer of PS-specific B1a cells accelerated the PS-specific autoimmune response and renal damage in recipient lupus model mice, whereas depletion of B1a cells attenuated lupus progression. In culture, PS-specific B1a cells were significantly expanded upon treatment with chromatin components, while blockade of TLR signal cascades by DNase I digestion and inhibitory ODN 2.88 or R4.6 treatment profoundly abrogated chromatin-induced PS-specific IgG secretion by lupus B1a cells. Thus, our study has demonstrated that the anti-PS autoantibodies produced by B1 cells contribute to lupus nephritis development. Our findings that blockade of the TLR/Syk signaling cascade inhibits PS-specific B1-cell expansion provide new insights into lupus pathogenesis and may facilitate the development of novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of LN in SLE.

关键词： B1 cell Anti-phosphatidylserine antibodies Lupus nephritis TLR Syk

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神光Ⅱ综合实验平台

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中国激光 2024年第11期51卷 3-21页

作者：朱健强李学春朱俭朱宝强马伟新周申蕾卢兴强范薇张攀政刘志刚王利杨琳刘代中唐顺兴孙明营杨朋千谢兴龙朱坪孙美智梁潇张国文欧阳小平张艳丽张秀平王冰艳林尊琪范滇元高功率激光物理联合室上海201800 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所上海201800 中国工程物理研究院上海激光等离子体研究所上海201800

中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所(简称“上海光机所”)是中国最早开展高功率激光系统及其应用研究的单位。在建所60周年之际,本文简要回顾了上海光机所建造的系列高功率激光装置和相关技术发展,重点介绍了现今运行的神光Ⅱ多功能综合... 详细信息

中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所(简称“上海光机所”)是中国最早开展高功率激光系统及其应用研究的单位。在建所60周年之际,本文简要回顾了上海光机所建造的系列高功率激光装置和相关技术发展,重点介绍了现今运行的神光Ⅱ多功能综合实验平台的性能和技术进步,以及利用此平台取得的若干具有标志性的重要物理实验成果,最后展望了未来高峰值功率激光技术与工程发展的基本问题和趋势。

关键词：惯性约束聚变神光装置激光工程激光光学

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The relationship between the Arctic Oscillation and ENSO as simulated by CCSM4

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2016年第3期9卷 198-203页

作者： zhu Yali wang Tao nansen-zhu {2. {3. Centre Chinese Academy of Sciences Climate Change research Centre Chinese Academy of Sciences

The correlation between the Arctic Oscillation （AO） and ENSO reflects the strength of the interaction between climate systems in the low and high latitudes. Based on the long-term （501 years） control simulation of CCSM4. the authors investigated the linkage between the AO and ENSO in boreal winter. Based on the correlation coefficients between them, the authors divided the entire period into two groups： one that included the years with statistically significant correlations （G1）, and the other the years with insignificant correlations （G2.. in G1, the AO-related atmospheric circulation pattern resembles the ENSO-related one. The Aleutian Low （AL） acts as a bridge linking these two modes, in G2. however, the AO and ENSO signals are confined to the mid-high and mid-low latitudes, respectively. There is no significant linkage between the AO and ENSO in boreal winter, showing a low correlation coefficient. Further analysis suggests that changes in the climatological features, including the strengthened AO, the negative Pacific Decadal Oscillation phase, and the weakened AL, may be responsible for the enhanced relationships.

关键词： Arctic Oscillation ENSO CCSM4 Aleutian Low climate interaction betweenlow and high latitude

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Do green spaces affect the spatiotemporal changes of PM_(2.5) in Nanjing?

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Ecological Processes 2016年第1期5卷 78-90页

作者： Jiquan Chen Liuyan zhu Peilei fan Li Tian Raffaele Lafortezza international center for Ecology Meteorologyand EnvironmentNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China CGCEO/Geography Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA School of Planning Designand ConstructionMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources {2. Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Scienze Agro-Ambientali e Territoriali University of BariBari 70126Italy Department of Geography Michigan State University1405 S.Harrison RoadEast LansingMI 48823USA

Introduction:Among the most dangerous pollutants is PM_(2.5),which can directly pass through human lungs and move into the blood *** use of nature-based solutions,such as increased vegetation cover in an urban landscape,is one of the possible solutions for reducing PM_(2.5) *** study objective was to understand the importance of green spaces in pollution ***:Daily PM_(2.5) concentrations were manually collected at nine monitoring stations in Nanjing over a 53.-day period from the air quality report of the China National Environmental Monitoring {3.(CNEMC)to quantify the spatiotemporal change of PM_(2.5) concentration and its empirical relationship with vegetation and landscape structure in ***:The daily average,minimum,and maximum PM_(2.5) concentrations from the nine stations were 74.0,14.2.and 3.2.0μg m^(−3.,*** of the 53. days,the days recorded as“excellent”and“good”conditions were found mostly in the spring(3..7%),autumn(2..6%),and summer(2..5%),with only 19.2. of the days in the *** PM_(2.5) concentrations exceeding the safe standards of the CNEMC were recorded predominately during the winter(3..3.100.0%).Our hypothesis that green vegetation had the potential to reduce PM_(2.5) concentration was accepted at specific seasons and *** PM_(2.5) concentration appeared very highly correlated(R2.0.85)with green cover in spring at 1-2.km scales,highly correlated(R2.0.6)in autumn and winter at 4.km scale,and moderately correlated in summer(R2.0.4.at 2.,5-,and 6-km ***,a non-significant correlation between green cover and PM_(2.5) concentration was found when its level was>75μg m^(−3..Across the Nanjing urban landscape,the east and southwest parts had high pollution ***:Although the empirical models seemed significant for spring only,one should not devalue the importance of green vegetation in other seasons because the regulations are often complicated by vegetation,me

关键词： PM_(2.5) Green space Edge density Nanjing Pollution control Seasonal variation Nature-Based Solution(NBS)

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Satellite RFI mitigation on FAST

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research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第1期21卷 178-184页

作者： Yu wang Hai-Yan Zhang Hao Hu Shi-Jie Huang Wei-Wei zhu Guo-Ping Zhi Tao Zhang Zhan-Chun {2. Li Yang University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS key Laboratory of FAST National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing institute of Spacecraft System Engineering Beijing 100094China

As the most sensitive single-dish radio telescope,the Five-hundred Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST)is very susceptive to radio frequency interference(RFI)from active radio ***,due to the rapid development of space applications and research,satellite interference has become one of the main RFI sources for FAST,particularly at the L ***,we have developed several measures to mitigate satellite *** the one hand,an antenna with 4.5-meter diameter has been constructed and installed at the FAST site to detect the satellite interference in the frequency band between 1 to 5 ***,we have developed a satellite RFI database based on the FAST sky coverage,the observing frequency bands,and known satellite *** combining the satellite RFI monitoring antenna and the database,we have established a satellite RFI mitigation *** this system,we can not only track satellites to collect their characteristics and update the database but also help the observer to program the observing plan by predicting satellite *** the practical observation of FAST at the L band,the feasibility of this system to mitigate satellite RFI has been *** particular,the system effectively avoids strong satellite interference from entering the main beam of the telescope and causing receiver saturation.

关键词： telescopes:FAST satellite radio frequency interference mitigation

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Simulation of Greenland ice sheet during the mid-Pliocene warm period

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chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第1期59卷 201-211页

作者： Qing Yan Zhongshi Zhang huijun wang Ran Zhang nansen-zhu {2. {3. Centre Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of chinese academy of sciences Bjerknes Centre for Climate research Climate Change research center Chinese Academy of Sciences

One of the key uncertainties in future sea-level projections is attributed to the Greenland ice sheet(GrIS).Studying the response of the GrIS to climate changes during the past warm periods is helpful for understanding future changes in the *** this study,using three global climate models(Community Atmosphere Model version3.1 and version 4.0 and Norwegian Earth System Model)and a three-dimensional ice sheet model,we investigate the climate and ice sheet changes over Greenland during the mid-Pliocene warm period(*3.Ma BP).The results show that the regionally averaged summer temperature over Greenland is 9.4.13.4.C higher during the mid-Pliocene period than during the pre-industrial era and the annual mean precipitation is 65.{4.08.3.mm *** response to this warm-wet climate,the GrIS shows a substantial decrease in size during the mid-Pliocene,with little ice existing along the eastern coast of *** to that simulated in the control run,the global sea level is approximately 7.8–8.1 m higher during the mid-Pliocene due to the decrease in the size of the *** addition,paleoclimate proxies also indicate that it is unlikely that a large-scale ice sheet exists over Greenland during the mid-Pliocene warm period.

关键词：格陵兰冰盖上新世温暖期模拟中期全球气候模型年平均降水量气候变化

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Direct Climatic Effect of Dust Aerosol in the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model Version 3.(CAM3.

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2010年第2期27卷 230-242页

作者：乐旭王会军廖宏范可 Climate Change research center Chinese Academy of Sciences nansen-zhu {2. {3.{4. (NZC) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences State key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Direct climate responses to dust shortwave and longwave radiative forcing （RF） are studied using the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model Version 3.（CAM3.. The simulated RF at the top of the atmosphere （TOA） is-0.4. W m-2.in the solar spectrum and ＋0.09 W m-2.in the thermal spectrum on a global average. The magnitude of surface RF is larger than the TOA forcing, with global mean shortwave forcing of-1.76 W m-2.and longwave forcing of ＋0.3. W m-2.. As a result, dust aerosol causes the absorption of 1.1 W m-2.in the atmosphere. The RF of dust aerosol is predicted to lead to a surface cooling of 0.5 K over the Sahara Desert and Arabian Peninsula. In the meantime, the upper troposphere is predicted to become warmer because of the absorption by dust. These changes in temperature lead to a more stable atmosphere, which results in increases in surface humidity. The upward sensible and latent heat fluxes at the surface are reduced, largely balancing the surface energy loss caused by the backscattering and absorption of dust aerosol. Precipitation is predicted to decrease moderately on a global scale.

关键词： dust aerosol radiative forcing direct radiative effect general circulation model

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Nucleic acids analysis

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Science China Chemistry 2021年第2期64卷 171-203页

作者： Yongxi Zhao Xiaolei Zuo Qian Li Feng Chen Yan-Ru Chen Jinqi Deng Da Han Changlong Hao Fujian Huang Yanyi Huang Guoliang ke Hua Kuang fan Li Jiang Li Min Li Na Li Zhenyu Lin Dingbin Liu Juewen Liu Libing Liu Xiaoguo Liu Chunhua Lu fang Luo Xiuhai Mao Jiashu Sun Bo Tang Fei {3. Jianbin {3. Lihua {3. Shu {3. Lingling Wu Zai-Sheng Wu fan Xia Chuanlai Xu Yang Yang Bi-Feng Yuan Quan Yuan Chao Zhang Zhi zhu Chaoyong Yang Xiao-Bing Zhang Huanghao Yang Weihong Tan Chunhai fan institute of Analytical Chemistry and Instrument for Life Science The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of EducationSchool of Life Science and TechnologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China institute of Molecular Medicine Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and NanomedicineRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200127China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesInstitute of Translational MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention center Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and ChemotherapyState Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and EnvironmentCollege of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China CAS key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China State key Lab of Food Science and Technology International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and BiodetectionSchool of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of EducationChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center(BIOPIC)Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics(ICG)Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Division of Physical Biology CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and TechnologyShanghai Institute of Applied PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Bioimaging center Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation FacilityZhangjiang LaboratoryShanghai Advanced

Nucleic acids are natural biopolymers of nucleotides that store, encode, transmit and express genetic information, which play central roles in diverse cellular events and diseases in living things. The analysis of nucleic acids and nucleic acids-based analysis have been widely applied in biological studies, clinical diagnosis, environmental analysis, food safety and forensic *** the past decades, the field of nucleic acids analysis has been rapidly advancing with many technological *** this review, we focus on the methods developed for analyzing nucleic acids, nucleic acids-based analysis, device for nucleic acids analysis, and applications of nucleic acids analysis. The representative strategies for the development of new nucleic acids analysis in this field are summarized, and key advantages and possible limitations are discussed. Finally, a brief perspective on existing challenges and further research development is provided.

关键词： nucleic acids analysis signal amplification DNA nanotechnology aptamer biosensing

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