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Response of Macromolecular Structure to Deformation in Tectonically Deformed Coal

Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2013年第1期87卷 82-90页

作者： LI Xiaoshi JU Yiwen HOU Quanlin fan junjia Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Earth Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Key Laboratory of Basin Structure and Petroleum Accumulation

The structural evolution of tectonically deformed coals （TDC） with different deformational mechanisms and different deformational intensities are investigated in depth through X-ray diffraction （XRD） analysis on 31 samples of different metamorphic grades （R ： 0.7%-3.1%） collected from the Huaibei coalfield. The results indicated that there are different evolution characteristics between the ductile and brittle deformational coals with increasing of metamorphism and deformation. On the one hand, with the increase of metamorphism, the atomic plane spacing （d002） is decreasing at step velocity, the stacking of the BSU layer （Lc） is increasing at first and then decreasing, but the extension of the BSU layer （La） and the ratio of La/Lc are decreasing initially and then increasing. On the other hand, for the brittle deformational coal, d002 is increasing initially and then decreasing, which causes an inversion of the variation of Lc and La under the lower-middle or higher-middle metamorphism grade when the deformational intensity was increasing. In contrast, in the ductile deformational coals, d002 decreased initially and then increased, and the value of L~ decreased with the increase of deformational intensity. But the value of La increased under the lower-middle metamorphism grade and increased at first and then decreased under the higher-middle metamorphism grade. We conclude that the degradation and polycondensation of TDC macromolecular structure can be obviously impacted during the ductile deformational process, because the increase and accumulation of unit dislocation perhaps transforms the stress into strain energy. Meanwhile, the brittle deformation can transform the stress into frictional heat energy, and promote the metamorphism and degradation as well. It can be concluded that deformation is more important than metamorphism to the differential evolution of the ductile and brittle deformational coals.

关键词： tectonically deformed coal X-ray diffraction deformational mechanism deformationalintensity macromolecular structure

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Comparison of coalbed gas generation between Huaibei-Huainan coalfields and Qinshui coal basin based on the tectono-thermal modeling

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第7期54卷 1069-1077页

作者： WU YuDong JU YiWen HOU QuanLin HU ShengBiao PAN JieNan fan junjia College of Earth Science Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Institute of Resources & Environment Henan Polytechnic University Henan 454000 China

The geothermal history and the tectonic subsidence history of the Huaibei-Huainan coalfields were reconstructed by using the vitrinite reflectance data, and their correlative restriction on coalbed gas generation of Huaibei-Huainan coalfields and Qinshui coal basin was discussed. The burial, thermal, and maturity histories of are similar between Huaibei coalfield and Huainan coalfield, obviously different from those of Qinshui coal basin. Based on the tectono-thermal evolution characters of Huaibei-Huainan coalfields and Qinshui basin, the process of coalbed gas generation can be divided into three stages：（1） Dur- ing Early Mesozoic, both in Huaibei-Huainan and Qinshui, the buried depth of Permian coal seams increased rapidly, which resulted in strong metamorphism and high burial temperature of coal seams. At this stage, the coal rank was mainly fat coal, and locally reached coking coal. These created an environment favoring the generation of thermogenic gas. （2） From Late Ju- rassic to Cretaceous, in the areas of Huaibei-Hualnan, the strata suffered from erosion and the crust became thinning, and the Permian coal-bearing strata were uplifted to surface. At this stage, the thermogenic gas mostly escaped. Conversely, in Qinshui basin, the cover strata of coal seams kept intact during this stage, and the thermogenic gas were mostly preserved. Furthermore, with the interaction of magmatism, the burial temperature of coal seams reached higher peak value, and it was suitable for the secondary generation of thermogenic gas. （3） From Paleogene onward, in area of Huainan-Huaibei, the maturity of coal and burial temperature were propitious to the generation of secondary biogenic gases. However, in Qinshui basin, the maturity of coal went against genesis of second biogenic gas or thermogenic gas. By comparison, Huaibei-Huainan coalfields are dominated by thermogenic gas with a significant biogenic gas and hydrodynamic overprint, whereas Qinshui basin is dominated mainly by t

关键词： HuaiBei coalfield Huainan coalfield Qinshui coal basin tectono-thermal modeling coalbed gas generation

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Reservoir Porosity Measurement Uncertainty and its Influence on Shale Gas Resource Assessment

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第2期94卷 233-242页

作者： TIAN Hua ZOU Caineng LIU Shaobo HONG Feng fan junjia GUI Lili HAO Jiaqing Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development.PetroChina Beijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Basin Structure and Hydrocarbon Accumulation.CNPC Beijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry CNPCBeijing 100083China

Reservoir porosity is a critical parameter for the process of unconventional oil and gas resources assessment. It is difficult to determine the porosity of a gas shale reservoir, and any large deviation will directly reduce the credibility of any shale gas resources evaluation. However, there is no quantitative explanation for the accuracy of porosity measurement. In this paper, measurement uncertainty, an internationally recognized index, was used to evaluate the results of porosity measurement of gas shale plugs, and its impact on the credibility of shale gas resources assessment was determined. The following conclusions are drawn:(1) the measurement uncertainty of porosity of a shale plug is 1.76%–3.12% using current measurement methods, the upper end of which is too large to be acceptable. It is suggested that the measurement uncertainty should be factored into the standard helium gas injection porosity determination experiment, and the uncertainty should be less than 2.00% when using a high-precision pressure gauge;(2) in order to reduce the risk for exploration and decision-making, attention should be paid to the large uncertainty(30% at least) of shale gas resource assessment results, sometimes with corrections being made based on the practical considerations;(3) a pressure gauge with an accuracy of 0.25% of the full scal cannot meet the requirements of porosity measurement, and a high-precision plug cutting method or high-precision bulk volume measurement method such as one using 3 D scanning, is recommended to effectively reduce porosity uncertainty;(4) the method and process for evaluating the measurement uncertainty of gas shale porosity could also be referred for assessment of experimental quality by other laboratories.

关键词： shale gas resource assessment porosity measurement uncertainty

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Formation condition of deep gas reservoirs in tight sandstones in Kuqa Foreland Basin

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Petroleum Research 2018年第4期3卷 346-358页

作者： Xuesong Lu Mengjun Zhao Keyu Liu Qingong Zhuo junjia fan Zhichao Yu Yanjie Gong PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083China CNPC Key Laboratory of Basin Structure and Hydrocarbon Accumulation Beijing 100083China School of Geosciences China University of PetroleumShandong 266580China

Due to the high expense of deep oil and gas exploration,prediction of gas-bearing properties before drilling is crucial for deep gas reservoir of tight *** tight sandstone gas fields in Kuqa Foreland Basin are characterized by high abundance,high gas saturation,high pressure,high and stable yield,which belong to high-efficiency tight gas *** on theoretical analysis of controlling factors and mechanisms of gas-bearing properties for tight sandstone gas reservoir,and taking tight sandstone gas fields with high effectiveness such as Dibei,Keshen and Dibei gas fields in Kuqa Foreland Basin as examples,formation condition and mechanism of high-efficiency tight sandstone gas reservoir in Kuqa area are studied through a comparative analysis of typical tight sandstone gas reservoir in Sichuan Basin and Ordos *** results show that the formation condition of deep gas reservoir of tight sandstone in Kuqa foreland basin includes four factors:i.e.,overpressure gas charging,fracture development,“early-oil and late-gas”accumulation process and favorable preservation *** overpressure gas charging and fracture development are the most important factors for formation of high-efficiency tight gas reservoirs in Kuqa Foreland ***-quality source rocks,high sourcereservoir pressure difference,and overpressure filling induced thereby are preconditions for formation of tight sandstone with high gas *** fracture development controls gas migration,accumulation,and high yield of tight sandstone gas *** reservoir wettability changed by the early oil charging is beneficial to late natural gas charging,and the preservation condition of high-quality gypsum cap rocks is the key factor for gas reservoirs to maintain overpressure and high gas *** of above four favorable factors leads to the tight sandstone gas reservoir with high abundance,high gas saturation and high gas production in Kuqa Foreland Basin,which is very

关键词： Deep gas reservoir Tight sandstone Overpressure Fracture “Early-oil and late-gas”accumulation process Preservation condition Kuqa foreland basin

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Improvement of in situ LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating method for carbonate minerals and its application in petroleum geology

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第12期66卷 2914-2929页

作者： Xuesong Lu Lili GUI Weiyan CHEN Shaobo LIU Shitou WU junjia fan Qiang LIU Jing SUN Liangliang ZHANG Yang XIAO Wenxia YANG Rizhou CAO Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Basin Structure and Hydrocarbon Accumulation CNPCBeijing 100083China Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China Institute of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Sichuan Chuangyuan Weipu Analytical Technology Co. Ltd.Chengdu 610059China School of Geosciences Changjiang UniversityWuhan 430100China Research Institute of Exploration and Development Daqing Oilfield CoLtd.Daqing 163712China

In situ carbonate U-Pb dating is gaining popularity,and it has great potential for application in petroleum ***,the low U content(<10μg/g)and high common Pb content of carbonate minerals,along with the uneven distribution of U and Pb and the lack of matrix-matched reference material make carbonate U-Pb dating inaccurate and less successful,which limits the widespread application in *** study evaluated the limitations of in situ carbonate U-Pb dating and proposed a method to rationally determine the laser ablation parameters of samples by improving the experimental approach based on the laser ablation sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-SF-ICP-MS).By setting a different spot size and laser frequency for the reference material and unknown samples in the same session based on the U content of the sample,the ablation craters of the reference material and unknown samples were given the same depth/width ratio,avoiding systematic offset caused by differences in down-hole element fractionation and reducing the consume of reference *** on the heterogeneous distribution of U and Pb contents in carbonate minerals,the method of grid screening and setting ablation spots during screening were used to quickly select domains with high U and low common Pb,which improves the efficiency of setting laser spots and the success rate of dating,as well as reduces the experimental time and economic *** accuracy and success rate of carbonate U-Pb dating were effectively improved by improving the experimental method,and the technique was applied to two carbonate samples with low U and high common Pb contents that were difficult to date by traditional *** two samples are the saddle dolomite in the central Sichuan Basin and the calcite cement in the sandstone reservoir of the Cretaceous Qingshuihe Formation in the South Junggar *** robust ages have been obtained,which constrains the timing of the diagenetic and

关键词： Carbonate U-Pb dating LA-SF-ICP-MS Ablation craters Fractionation effects Systematic offset Critical time limitation

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Structure and coalbed methane occurrence in tectonically deformed coals

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Science China Earth Sciences 2012年第10期55卷 1755-1763页

作者： HOU QuanLin LI HuiJun fan junjia JU YiWen WANG TianKai LI XiaoShi WU YuDong Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics CASCollege of Earth ScienceGraduate University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development State Key laboratory of Enhanced Oil RecoveryRIPED Petro ChinaBeijing 100083China Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China

Research on structure of tectonically deformed coals(TDC) is a key issue in coal and gas outburst prevention and coalbed methane(CBM) *** paper presents a summary on the research progress in TDC's structural-genetic classification,tectonic strain influence on coal microstructure,coal porosity system,coal chemical structure and constituents,and their relationship with the excess coalbed *** studies suggested that tectonic deformation had significant influence on coal microstructure,coal super microstructure,and even chemical macromolecular *** main mechanisms of coal deformation are the tectonic stress degradation and polycondensation metamorphism(dynamical metamorphism).Besides,under different deformation mechanisms,the ultra-and micro-structure and chemical constituents of TDC presented distinct *** on these achievements,we propose one possible evolutionary trend of TDC with different deformation mechanisms,and suggest that the coal and gas outburst in the TDC,especially in the mylonitic coals,may be not only controlled by geological structure,but also influenced by the tectonic stress degradation of ductile ***,further study on TDC should be focused on the controlling mechanism of deformation on structure and composition of coal,generation conditions and occurrence state of excess coalbed methane from deformation mechanism of coal.

关键词： tectonically deformed coal deformation mechanism coalbed methane occurrence research progress

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Restoration of reservoir diagenesis and hydrocarbon accumulation process by calcite in-situ U-Pb dating and fluid inclusion analysis: A case study on Cretaceous Qingshuihe Formation in Gaoquan Structure, southern Junggar Basin, NW China

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2023年第6期50卷 1386-1397页

作者： GUI Lili ZHUO Qingong LU Xuesong YANG Wenxia CHEN Weiyan WU Hai fan junjia HE Yinjun CAO Rizhou YU Xiaoqing Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China CNPC Key Laboratory of Basin Structure and Hydrocarbon Accumulation Beijing 100083China CNOOC Experimental Center Engineering Technology BranchCNOOC Energy Development Co.Ltd.Tianjin 300452China Wuxi Institute of Petroleum Geology SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research InstituteWuxi 214126China

The complexity of diagenesis and hydrocarbon accumulation in the deep reservoirs in southern Junggar Basin restricts hydrocarbon exploration in the lower reservoir assemblage. The lithofacies and diagenesis of reservoirs in the Cretaceous Qingshuihe Formation in the Gaoquan structure of the Sikeshu Sag, southern Junggar Basin were analyzed. On this basis, the thermal history was calibrated using calcite in-situ U-Pb dating and fluid inclusion analysis to depict the hydrocarbon accumulation process in the Gaoquan structure. The results show that the Qingshuihe reservoir experienced two phases of calcite cementation and three phases of hydrocarbon charging. The calcite cements are dated to be (122.1±6.4) Ma, (14.4±1.0) Ma - (14.2±0.3) Ma. The hydrocarbon charging events occurred at around 14.2-30.0 Ma (low-mature oil), 14.2 Ma (mature oil), and 2 Ma (high-mature gas). The latter two phases of hydrocarbon charging contributed dominantly to the formation of reservoir. Due to the S-N compressive thrust activity during the late Himalayan period since 2 Ma, the traps in the Gaoquan structure were reshaped, especially the effective traps which developed in the main reservoir-forming period were decreased significantly in scale, resulting in weak hydrocarbon shows in the middle-lower part of the structure. This indicates that the effective traps in key reservoir-forming period controlled hydrocarbon enrichment and distribution in the lower reservoir assemblage. Calcite U-Pb dating combined with fluid inclusion analysis can help effectively describe the complex diagenesis and hydrocarbon accumulation process in the central-west part of the basin.

关键词： fluid inclusion calcite in-situ U-Pb dating diagenetic sequence hydrocarbon accumulation timing Sikeshu Sag southern Junggar Basin Cretaceous Qingshuihe Formation

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川东北飞仙关组白云岩化作用对鲕粒滩储层的孔隙改造效应

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石油与天然气地质 2018年第4期39卷 706-718页

作者：李开开张学丰贺训云范俊佳中国地质大学(北京)能源学院北京100083 海相储层演化与油气富集机理教育部重点实验室北京100083 北京大学石油与天然气研究中心北京100871 中国石油杭州地质研究院中国石油天然气集团公司碳酸盐岩储层重点实验室浙江杭州310023 中国石油勘探开发研究院中国石油集团盆地构造与油气成藏重点实验室北京100083

当白云石含量超过一定范围后,白云岩孔隙度随着白云石含量增高而增大,这是否意味着白云岩化作用导致新生孔隙产生,这是值得深究的问题。选取川东北地区下三叠统飞仙关组鲕粒滩储层为对象,进行细致的岩石矿物学观察,并开展白云岩段和灰... 详细信息

当白云石含量超过一定范围后,白云岩孔隙度随着白云石含量增高而增大,这是否意味着白云岩化作用导致新生孔隙产生,这是值得深究的问题。选取川东北地区下三叠统飞仙关组鲕粒滩储层为对象,进行细致的岩石矿物学观察,并开展白云岩段和灰岩段对比分析工作。结果表明:当白云石含量大于40%,随着白云石含量增加,白云石的抗压实压溶作用使得鲕粒岩中压溶再沉淀成因的第三期粒间方解石胶结物含量不断减少,理应被其占据的粒间孔隙不断空出,并成为现今孔隙的主体,由此导致了岩石孔隙度与白云石含量之间的协同增长关系。由此提出,白云岩化并非为鲕粒滩储层贡献了新生孔隙,而是有效地保存了早期孔隙。研究还揭示了现今鲕粒滩体不同部位白云岩物性迥异根源于白云岩结构差异演化。沉积旋回内灰岩岩性及其分布特征的不同引发了这种白云岩结构差异演化;早期大气水淋滤对鲕粒岩结构、矿物组成以及稳定性等方面的效应是鲕粒原始结构保存与否的根本原因;重结晶和深埋藏溶蚀作用加剧原始鲕粒离散和结构破坏,趋向于形成最终的结晶云岩。

关键词：鲕粒滩白云岩结构白云岩化孔隙保存飞仙关组四川盆地

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西天山乔霍特铜矿成矿背景与矿床成因探讨

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岩石学报 2012年第7期28卷 2057-2073页

作者：张喜范俊佳高俊董连慧江拓钱青中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所矿产资源研究重点实验室北京100029 中国科学院研究生院北京100049 中国石油勘探开发研究院提高石油采收率国家重点实验室北京100083 北京大学地球与空间科学学院北京100871 新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产勘查开发局乌鲁木齐830000

本文对西天山乔霍特铜矿的围岩火山岩、矿化火山岩和矿石的主、微量元素、Sr-Nd同位素地球化学特征进行了详细研究,并对呈小岩株状侵入到火山岩地层中的辉绿岩进行了单颗粒锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb精确定年。研究表明,围岩火山岩为形成于岛弧... 详细信息

本文对西天山乔霍特铜矿的围岩火山岩、矿化火山岩和矿石的主、微量元素、Sr-Nd同位素地球化学特征进行了详细研究,并对呈小岩株状侵入到火山岩地层中的辉绿岩进行了单颗粒锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb精确定年。研究表明,围岩火山岩为形成于岛弧区弧后拉张环境中的钙碱性火山岩,系受俯冲带中流体交代的地幔源区通过岩浆结晶分异而来,乔霍特铜矿成矿物质与围岩火山岩具有相同的物质来源。辉绿岩单颗粒锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb定年获得281.0±1.9Ma年龄,结合前人研究成果,我们认为:奥陶纪或更早时期,南天山洋向北侧中天山地体下俯冲,在乔霍特地区形成岛弧带,奥陶纪晚期(约450Ma)具I型花岗岩性质的岩浆侵位,形成了出露于矿区南侧的花岗闪长岩体;中-晚志留世(约430Ma),在浅海相岛弧区弧后盆地中火山喷发形成了巴音布鲁克组火山岩,与火山岩同期的火山喷流-沉积作用形成了乔霍特铜矿初始矿源层;志留纪后,南天山洋持续向北俯冲,于石炭纪末最终闭合,大洋岛弧火山与中天山古老陆块碰撞拼接,281Ma的辉绿岩呈小岩株状侵入到围岩火山岩地层中,初始矿体伴随南天山洋的持续俯冲及西天山增生造山作用受到了强烈的构造叠加改造,最终形成了空间上呈近东西向成群、成带与主控矿断裂近平行展布的矿体。乔霍特铜矿系发育于造山带中的VMS型矿床,应属火山喷流沉积+后期构造热液叠加改造型铜矿,是南天山洋俯冲、闭合及西天山增生造山综合作用的结果。

关键词： VMS型铜矿床成矿背景矿床成因乔霍特铜矿西天山

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川中地区北部震旦系灯二段储层沥青特征及意义

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天然气地球科学 2022年第8期33卷 1251-1262页

作者：马行陟戴博凯柳少波鲁雪松范俊佳刘强杨帆中国石油勘探开发研究院北京100083 中国石油天然气集团公司盆地构造与油气成藏重点实验室北京100083 长江大学湖北武汉430100 中国国际工程咨询有限公司北京100048

川中地区北部震旦系灯二段天然气勘探不断取得突破,已成为灯影组勘探的主要接替区。钻井揭示该地区灯二段储层发育大量固体沥青,沥青特征对于灯影组天然气成藏研究具有重要意义。通过采集研究区关键探井灯二段储层沥青样品,基于光学显... 详细信息

川中地区北部震旦系灯二段天然气勘探不断取得突破,已成为灯影组勘探的主要接替区。钻井揭示该地区灯二段储层发育大量固体沥青,沥青特征对于灯影组天然气成藏研究具有重要意义。通过采集研究区关键探井灯二段储层沥青样品,基于光学显微观察、扫描电镜、色谱—质谱和激光拉曼等分析测试手段,对川中地区北部灯二段储层沥青地球化学特征和发育机制等进行探讨。研究结果表明,灯二段沥青主要以溶蚀孔(洞)和裂缝形式赋存,其次为晶(粒)间孔,形态以点状、球状、板状、脉状等为主。岩石沥青含量高,单井平均沥青含量为2.96%~5.13%。重排甾烷和拉曼光谱表明灯二段沥青处于高成熟阶段,拉曼光谱计算沥青反射率分布范围为2.49%~4.09%,沥青主要源于原油热裂解成因。灯二段沥青生物标志化合物21α(H)-C_(29)降藿烷、C_(35)藿烷与C_(34)藿烷含量、Ts/Tm等多个指标与高石梯—磨溪地区灯四段沥青不同,推测灯二段沥青母源与灯四段存在差异,有下寒武统麦地坪组和震旦系陡山沱组等烃源岩的贡献。灯二段储层可能发育2期沥青,指示了地质历史时期中的2期原油充注过程和硫酸盐热化学还原反应(TSR)作用。

关键词：川中地区北部北斜坡灯二段储层沥青地球化学特征

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