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Two-plasmon-decay instability stimulated by dual laser beams in inertial confinement fusion

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2025年第1期10卷 48-56页

作者： C.-W.lian Y.Ji R.Yan J.li l.-f.Wang Y.-K.Ding J.Zheng Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230026China Collaborative Innovation Center of IfSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Plasma Physics and fusion Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100088China

Two-plasmon-decay instability(TPD)poses a critical target preheating risk in direct-drive inertial confinement *** this paper,TPD collectively driven by dual laser beams consisting of a normal-incidence laser beam(Beam-N)and a large-angle-incidence laser beam(Beam-l)is investigated via particle-in-cell *** is found that significant TPD growth can develop in this regime at previously unexpected low laser intensities if the intensity of Beam-l exceeds the large-angle-incidence *** beams contribute to the growth of TPD in a“seed-amplification”manner in which the absolute instability driven by Beam-l provides the seeds that are convectively amplified by Beam-N,making TPD energetically important and causing significant pump depletion and hot-electron generation.

关键词： laser pump decay

Anti-amyloid antibodies in Alzheimer’s disease: what did clinical trials teach us?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1092-1093页

作者： Danko Jeremic lydia Jiménez-Díaz Juan D.Navarro-lópez NeuroPhysiology&Behavior lab University of Castilla-La ManchaBiomedical Research Center(CRIB)School of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

Although many causes of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)may exist,both the original amyloid cascade and tau hypotheses posit that abnormal misfolding and accumulation of amyloid-β(Aβ)and tau protein is the central event causing the ***,that conclusion could be only partly true,and there is conflicting evidence about the role of both proteins in AD,being able to precede and influence one *** researchers argue that these proteins are mere executors rather than primary causes of ***,there have been continuing refinements of both hypotheses,with alternative explanations proposed.Aβand tau proteins may be independently involved in specific neurotoxic pathways;yet there may be other crucial processes going on in early ***,accumulating evidence suggests that Aβand tau act synergistically,rather than additively in disease onset(Jeremic et al.,2021,2023a).

关键词： amyloid Alzheimer additive

Muskingum equation based downstream sediment flow simulation models for a river system

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2016年第2期31卷 139-148页

作者： Briti Sundar sil Parthasarathi Choudhury Department of Civil Engineering Tezpur University Department of Civil Engineering NIT Silchar

Applications of sediment transport and water flow characteristics based sediment transport simulation models for a river system are presented in this *** existing water-sediment model and a new sediment-water model are used to formulate the simulation models representing water and sediment movement in a river *** sediment-water model parameters account for water flow characteristics embodying sediment transport properties of a *** models are revised formulations of the multiple water inflows model describing water movement through a river system as given by the Muskingum *** models are applied to a river system in Mississippi River basin to estimate downstream sediment concentration,sediment discharge,and water *** system and the river section parameters are estimated using a revised and the original multiple water inflows models by applying the genetic *** models estimate downstream sediment transport rates on the basis of upstream sediment/water flow rates to a *** performance is evaluated by using standard statistical criteria;downstream water discharge resulting from the original multiple water inflows model using the estimated river system parameters indicate that the revised models satisfactorily describe water movement through a river *** obtained in the study demonstrate the applicability of the sediment transport and water flow characteristics-based simulation models in predicting downstream sediment transport and water flow rates in a river system.

关键词： Multiple rivers Sediment transport Modeling Estimation Muskingum model

Atmospheric chemistry of trifluorodicarbonyls initiated by Cl atoms:Reactivity trends,mechanism,and acid formation yields

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 12-25页

作者： Pedro l.lugo Vianni G.Straccia Cynthia B.Rivela Mariano A.Teruel María B.Blanco laboratorio Universitario de Química y Contaminación del Aire(l.U.Q.C.A) Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba(I.N.F.I.Q.C.)Dpto.de Fisicoquímica.Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Nacional de Córdoba.Ciudad Universitaria5000 CórdobaArgentina Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Research University of WuppertalDE-42097 WuppertalGermany

Rate coefficients of the gas-phase reactions of Cl atoms with a series of fluorinated diketones(fDKs):Cf_(3)C(O)CH_(2)C(O)CH_(3)(TfP),Cf_(3)C(O)CH_(2)C(O)CH_(2)CH_(3)(TfH)and Cf_(3)C(O)CH_(2)C(O)CH(CH_(3))2(TfMH),have been measured at(298±2)K and under atmospheric *** experiments were performed using the relative-rate method with a GC-fID detection *** different determinations and references used,the following rate coefficients were obtained(in cm3/(molecule·sec)):k_(4)(TfP+Cl)=(1.75±0.21)×10^(−10),k_(5)(TfH+Cl)=(2.05±0.23)×10^(−10),k_(6)(TfMH+Cl)=(2.71±0.34)×10^(−10).Reactivity trends of fDKs were discussed and free Energy Relationships analysis was *** expression lgkOH=1.68 lgkCl+5.71 was obtained for the reactivity of the studied fDKs together with similar unsaturated VOCs with Cl and OH radicals Additionally,acetic acid(CH_(3)C(O)OH)and trifluoroacetic acid(Cf_(3)C(O)OH)were positively identified and quantified as degradation products using in situ fTIR *** to the identified products,atmospheric chemical mechanisms were *** atmospheric implications of the studied reactions were assessed by the estimation of the tropospheric lifetimes of TfP,TfH,and TfMH concerning their reaction with Cl atoms to be 48,41,and 31 hours,*** relatively short residence in the atmosphere of the fluorocarbons studied will have a local/regional impact with restricted *** warming potential(GWP(20 yr))calculated for the studied fluoro diketones were 0.014,0.003 and 0.001 for TfP,TfH and TfMH,respectively with a negligible contribution to the greenhouse effect.

关键词： fluorinated diketones Kinetics SPME-GC-fID fTIR in situ SAR free energy relationships

B2-CuZr reinforced amorphous alloy matrix composites:A review

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China foundry 2025年第1期22卷 1-11页

作者： Wei Guo Run-hua Huang Zhen Zhang Mi Zhao Jin-cheng Wang Yan-qiang Qiao Shu-lin lü Shu-sen Wu State Key lab of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China School of Aerospace Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen Shenzhen 518057GuangdongChina

B2-CuZr phase reinforced amorphous alloy matrix composites has become one of the research hotspots in the field of materials science due to the“transformation-induced plasticity”phenomenon,which makes the composites show better macroscopic plastic deformability and obvious work-hardening behavior compared to the conventional amorphous alloy matrix composites reinforced with ductile ***,the in-situ metastable B2-CuZr phase tends to undergo eutectoid decomposition during solidification,and the volume fraction,size,and distribution of B2-CuZr phase are difficult to control,which limits the development and application of these *** date,much efforts have been made to solve the above problems through composition optimization,casting parameter tailoring,and post-processing *** this study,a review was given based on relevant studies,focusing on the predictive approach,reinforcing mechanism,and microstructure tailoring methods of B2-CuZr phase reinforced amorphous alloy matrix *** research focus and future prospects were also given for the future development of the present composite system.

关键词： amorphous alloy matrix composite B2-CuZr phase plasticity microstructure tailoring

Effective diffusivity of a Janus sphere in an external field

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第3期46卷 539-554页

作者： Tianyu YUAN l.P.lIU Jianxiang WANG Institute for Advanced Study Chengdu University Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Rutgers University Department of Mathematics Rutgers University Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science College of EngineeringPeking University

During nearly 200 years of development in the knowledge of Brownian motion, the Janus sphere, as a typical Brownian particle with special surface properties, has been widely studied in the past few decades. A standard Janus sphere possesses two distinct surfaces. These two surfaces elicit different hydrodynamic interactions with ambient fluids or other interactions in response to environmental stimuli, such as chemical gradients, magnetic fields, and even light. The diffusion of Janus spheres, particularly when controlled by a remotely applied field, has inspired various applications, ranging from the design of micro-swimmers and novel procedures for probing the mechanical properties of suspensions to the fabrication of composites with enhanced performance. In this work, we report a systematic analysis of field-controlled diffusion of Janus spheres. Commencing with stochastic differential equations of motion at the microscale, we derive a coarse-grained fokker-Planck equation at the macroscale, describing the evolution of the probability distribution function of the Janus sphere in terms of its position and orientation. leveraging the concept of the hydrodynamic center, we derive, for the first time,explicit generalized Stokes-Einstein relations for long-time effective diffusivity, incorporating the effects of both the surface discontinuity of the Janus sphere and the external fields. The formulae enable predictions of the effective diffusivity as it varies with the slip length and characteristic angle of Janus spheres, and reveal the impact of an aligning potential field on the diffusion coefficients both parallel and perpendicular to the direction of the field. This work not only deepens the understanding of field-controlled diffusion of Janus particles, but also holds a meaningful impact on the future applications in microfluidics and related fields.

关键词： Distribution functions

Joint Entity and Event Extraction with Generative Adversarial Imitation learning

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Data Intelligence 2019年第2期1卷 99-120页

作者： Tongtao Zhang Heng Ji Avirup sil Computer Science Department Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNew York 12180-3590USA IBM Research AI ArmonkNew York 10504-1722USA

We propose a new framework for entity and event extraction based on generative adversarial imitation learning-an inverse reinforcement learning method using a generative adversarial network(GAN).We assume that instances and labels yield to various extents of difficulty and the gains and penalties(rewards)are expected to be *** utilize discriminators to estimate proper rewards according to the difference between the labels committed by the ground-truth(expert)and the extractor(agent).Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed framework outperforms state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Information extraction Event extraction Imitation learning Generative adversarial network

fake Studies fake scientific studies are a problem that’s getting harder to solve

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空中英语教室(高级版.彭蒙惠英语) 2025年第1期 12-13,41,42页

作者： f.D.flam 不详

faking it until you make it may be a common practice in some *** it's clearly unethical for scientists and medical *** the same,thousands of fake papers are churned out by so-called paper mills and published every yea... 详细信息

关键词： s. problem getting

Hunting for a viral proxy in bioaerosols of swine buildings using molecular detection and metagenomics

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 69-78页

作者： Valérie létourneau Marie-Josée Gagné Jonathan M.Vyskocil Vincent Brochu Kim Robitaille Martin Gauthier Julie Brassard Caroline Duchaine Quebec Heart and lung Institute Research Centre-Universitélaval 2725 Chemin Sainte-FoyQuebecG1V 4G5Canada Saint-Hyacinthe Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada3600 Casavant Boulevard WestSaint-HyacintheJ2S 8E3Canada Department of Biochemistry Microbiologyand Bio-informaticsFaculty of Science and EngineeringUniversitéLaval1045 Avenue de la MédecineQuebecG1V 0A6Canada The Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Universitéde Montréal3200 Rue SicotteSaint-HyacintheJ2S 2M2Canada

There are limited biosecurity measures directed at preventing airborne transmission of viruses in *** effectiveness of dust mitigation strategies such as oil sprinkling,to decrease risk of airborne virus transmission are *** and qPCR for common fecal viruses were used to hunt for a ubiquitous virus to serve as a proxy when evaluating the efficiency of mitigation strategies against airborne viral infectious *** particles were collected from swine buildings using high-volume air *** DNA and RNA were used to perform specific RT-qPCR and qPCR and analyzed by highthroughput *** astroviruses group 2 were common(from 102 to 105 genomic copies per cubic meter of air or gc/m^(3),93%positivity)while no norovirus genogroup II was recovered from air *** torque teno sus virus were detected by qPCR in low concentrations(from 101 to 102 gc/m^(3),47%positivity).Among the identified viral families by metagenomics analysis,Herelleviridae,Microviridae,Myoviridae,Podoviridae,and Siphoviridae were *** phage vB_AviM_AVP of Aerococcus was present in all air samples and a newly designed qPCR revealed between 101 and 105 gc/m^(3) among the samples taken for the present study(97%positivity)and banked samples from5-and 15-year old studies(89%positivity).According to the present study,both the porcine astrovirus group 2 and the phage vB_AviM_AVP of Aerococcus could be proxy for airborne viruses of swine buildings.

关键词： Bioaerosols Viral metagenomics Astrovirus Aerococcus phage Swine buildings