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Stream-dwelling fungal decomposer communities along a gradient of eutrophication unraveled by 454 pyrosequencing

fungal Diversity 2015年第1期70卷 127-148页

作者： S.Duarte f.Bärlocher J.Trabulo f.c.ssio c.Pascoal centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology(cBMA) Department of BiologyUniversity of MinhoCampus de Gualtar4710-057 BragaPortugal Department of Biology Mount Allison UniversitySackvilleNB E4L 1G7Canada

Microbial decomposers,especially a fungal group called aquatic hyphomycetes,play a critical role in processing plant litter in freshwaters by increasing its palatability to invertebrate ***,communities of aquatic hyphomycetes have been assessed through the identification of spores,which misses non-sporulating *** new technologies,454 pyrosequencing stands out as most promising for large-scale species ***,very few attempts have been made to validate its effectiveness for assessing the diversity of stream-dwelling fungal *** attempted to gain greater insight into the diversity of aquatic fungal communities in streams exposed to various degrees of eutrophication by using the 454 pyrosequencing technology.A total of 173,889 ITS2 pyrosequencing reads with hits for fungi were obtained from the 5 investigated *** majority of operational taxonomic units(OTUs)belonged to Ascomycota and the identification to the genus level was achieved for 169 *** the total,135,257 reads(ca.78%)showed close affinities to aquatic hyphomycete *** showed declining fungal diversity in the most eutrophic streams,which was congruent with a reduced diversity found through spore *** patterns revealed by connecting representative OTUs to ITS sequences from aquatic hyphomycetes were similar to those determined by traditional spore identification ***,454 pyrosequencing provided a more comprehensive view of fungal diversity;it captured almost twice as many taxa as spore *** study vali-dates the effectiveness of 454 pyrosequencing for surveying the diversity of stream-dwelling fungal decomposer *** application may accelerate the use of these communities for monitoring the integrity of freshwaters.

关键词： freshwater ecosystems Plant litter decomposition Aquatic fungi ITS region

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Status and prospects for symmetric organic redox flow batteries

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 125-143页

作者： Md Al Raihan c.Adam Dyker Department of chemistry University of New Brunswick

As environmental concerns from fossil fuel consumption intensify, large-scale energy storage becomes imperative for the integration of renewable sources like wind, hydro, and solar with the electrical *** flow batteries, particularly those employing organic molecules, are positioned as a key technology for this purpose. This review explores the growing field of symmetric organic redox flow batteries(ORfBs) within this context. Unlike traditional asymmetric designs based on unique active materials for each electrode, symmetric ORfBs involve a single bipolar species for both electrodes. This review highlights the benefits of a symmetric design, and categorizes five distinct classes of organic bipolar molecules used in both aqueous and non-aqueous solvents. By providing a comprehensive overview of their cell cycling and performance characteristics, the strengths and weaknesses of the diverse categories of bipolar molecules are highlighted for both solvent systems, as are opportunities for future development. This should guide new research directions and advance the development of practical symmetric ORfBs.

关键词： Redox flow battery Symmetric battery Organic battery Aqueous electrolyte Non-aqueous electrolyte

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Are extrafloral nectaries efficient against herbivores? Herbivory and plant defenses in contrasting tropical species

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第4期13卷 423-430页

作者： cássio cardoso Pereira Maria Gabriela Boaventura Gislene carvalho de castro Tatiana cornelissen Departamento de Genética Ecologia e EvoluçãoUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais31270-910 Belo HorizonteMGBrazil Departamento de ciências Naturais Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei36301-160 São João del-ReiMGBrazil

Aims Plants have limited resources for defenses and species that invest in biotic defenses might exhibit leaves that invest less in other types of *** have investigated whether plants that have few mechanical defenses,but have extrafloral nectaries(EfNs)patrolled by ants,are less prone to herbivory,compared with plants without EfNs that have tougher *** Data from the literature were extracted to examine the reported levels of herbivory in plants with or without *** a savanna vegetation in southern Brazil,field data were collected in leaves from six tropical species and herbivory and specific leaf area(SLA)levels were *** further evaluated differences in herbivory and SLA among species and between plants with or without *** order to test the relationship between herbivory and leaf toughness we regressed average herbivory and average SLA per *** findings Plants exhibited variable levels of leaf damage,but plants without ant defenses experienced the highest levels of leaf area loss to *** of mechanical defenses were also variable among the plant *** without EfNs were tougher,exhibiting lower values of *** plants without EfNs had more sclerophyllous leaves,this mechanical defense was not sufficient to impair and/or reduce herbivore feeding,suggesting that the biotic defenses performed by patrolling ants might be more effective than investment in mechanical defenses associated with leaf palatability.

关键词： ants biotic defenses herbivory leaf palatability specific leaf area

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Quantitative Study on Nonmetallic Inclusion Particles in Steels by Automatic Image Analysis With Extreme Values Method

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2009年第4期16卷 18-21,32页

作者： cássio Barbosa José Brant de campos Jneo Lopes do Nascimento Iêda Maria Vieira caminha National Institute of Technology

The presence of nonmetallic inclusion particles which appear during steelmaking process is harmful to the properties of steels, which is mainly as a function of some aspects such as size, volume fraction, shape, and distribution of these particles. The automatic image analysis technique is one of the most important tools for the quantitative determination of these parameters. The classical Student approach and the Extreme Values Method （EVM） were used for the inclusion size and shape determination and the evaluation of distance between the inclusion particles. The results thus obtained indicated that there were significant differences in the characteristics of the inclusion particles in the analyzed products. Both methods achieved results with some differences, indicating that EVM could be used as a faster and more reliable statistical methodology.

关键词： image analysis steel microstructure nonmetallic inclusion

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Acquired sensorineural hearing loss,oxidative stress,and microRNAs

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2513-2519页

作者： Desmond A.Nunez Ru c.Guo Division of Otolaryngology–Head&Neck Surgery Department of SurgeryFaculty of MedicineThe University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Division of Otolaryngology–Head&Neck Surgery Gordon&Leslie Diamond Health Care CentreVancouver General HospitalVancouverBCCanada faculty of Medicine–The University of British columbia VancouverBCCanada

Hearing loss is the third leading cause of human ***-related hearing loss,one type of acquired sensorineural hearing loss,is largely responsible for this escalating global health ***-induced,ototoxic,and idiopathic sudden sensorineural are other less common types of acquired hearing *** etiology of these conditions is complex and multi-fa ctorial involving an interplay of genetic and environmental *** stress has recently been proposed as a likely linking cause in most types of acquired sensorineural hearing *** non-coding RNA sequences known as microRNAs(miRNAs)have increasingly been shown to play a role in cellular hypoxia and oxidative stress responses including promoting an apoptotic *** hair cell death is a central histopathological finding in sensorineural hearing *** these cells do not regenerate in humans,it underlies the irreversibility of human age-related hearing *** EMBASE,Ovid MEDLINE,Web of Science core collection,and *** databases over the period August 1,2018 to July 31,2023 were searched with"hearing loss,""hypoxamiRs,""hypoxia,""microRNAs,""ischemia,"and"oxidative stress"text words for English language primary study publications or registered clinical *** red clinical trials known to the senior author we re also assessed.A total of 222studies were thus *** excluding duplicates,editorials,retra ctions,secondary research studies,and non-English language articles,39 primary studies and clinical trials underwent full-text *** resulted in 11 animal,in vitro,and/or human subject journal articles and 8 registered clinical trial database entries which form the basis of this narrative *** miR-34a and miR-29b levels increase with age in *** miRNAs were demonstrated in human neuroblastoma and murine cochlear cell lines to target Sirtuin 1/peroxisome proliferato r-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1-alpha(SIRT1/P Gc-1α),SIRT

关键词： hearing loss hypoxia microRNAs oxidative stress sensorineural

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Multiple sclerosis is at a checkpoint: advancing the program

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon c.Smith Jessica L.Williams Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(cNS). Patients with MS experience sensory and motor function loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sclerosis damage

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Serological surveillance for SARS-coV-2 antibodies among students,faculty and staff within a large university system during the pandemic

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 99-107页

作者： Marcos G Pinheiro Gabriela G O Alves Maria Eduarda R conde Sofia L costa Regina c S Sant’Anna Isa M f Antunes Mônica c carneiro fabio S Ronzei Julia c Scaffo felipe R Pinheiro Lialyz S Andre Helvecio c Povoa Valéria T Baltar fabíola Giordani Eduarda S Hemerly Gisele c Alexandre Karla c de Paula Márcio Watanabe Antonio claudio L da Nóbrega Jackeline christiane P Lobato fabio Aguiar-Alves Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Biotechnology Rodolpho Albino University LaboratoryFluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24241000Rio de JaneiroBrazil Estácio de SáUniversity Nova Friburgo 28611135Rio de JaneiroBrazil Pathology Program Medicine schoolFluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24070090Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Lloyd L.Gregory School of PharmacyPalm Beach Atlantic UniversityWest Palm BeachFL 33401United States Health Institute of Nova friburgo Fluminense Federal UniversityNova Friburgo 28613001Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Collective Health(ISC)Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24033900Rio de JaneiroBrazil Institute of Physical Education Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24020005Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Statistics Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24210200Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24210130Rio de JaneiroBrazil

BAcKGROUND At the end of December 2019,the world faced severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2(SARS-coV-2),which led to the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(cOVID-19),associated with respiratory *** virus has shown significant challenges,especially for senior citizens,patients with other underlying illnesses,or those with a sedentary *** tests conducted early on have helped identify how the virus is transmitted and how to curb its *** study hypothesis was that the rapid serological test for SARS-coV-2 antibodies could indicate the immunoreactive profile during the cOVID-19 pandemic in a university *** To conduct active surveillance for serological expression of anti-SARS-coV-2 antibodies in individuals within a university setting during the cOVID-19 *** This sectional study by convenience sampling was conducted in a large university in Niteroi-RJ,Brazil,from March 2021 to July *** study population consisted of students,faculty,and administrative staff employed by the university.A total of 3433 faculty members,60703 students,and 3812 administrative staff were invited to *** were gathered through rapid serological tests to detect immunoglobulin(Ig)M and IgG against ***χ²or fisher's exact test was used to conduct statistical analysis.A 0.20 significance level was adopted for variable selection in a multiple logistic regression model to evaluate *** A total of 1648 individuals were enrolled in the *** proportion of cOVID-19 positivity was 164/1648(9.8%).The adjusted logistic model indicate a positive association between the expression of IgM or IgG and age[odds ratio(OR)=1.16,95%cI:1.02-1.31](Pcontact with a cOVID-19-positive case(OR=3.49,95%cI:2.34-5.37)(Pceived the cOVID-19 vaccine(OR=2.33,95%cI:1.61-3.35)(Pcial isolation(OR=0.59,95%cI:0.41-0.84)(Pf sho

关键词： Serological surveillance SARS-coV-2 antibodies cOVID-19 Serological rapid test Risk factors for cOVID-19

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Immunoexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 in primary gastric carcinomas and lymph node metastases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第8期18卷 778-784页

作者： Paulo Rc Almeida francisco VA ferreira cássio c Santos francisco D Rocha-filho Raul RP feitosa Esther AA falco Belise K cavada Roberto cP Lima-Júnior Ronaldo A Ribeiro faculty of Medicine Federal University of Ceará Hospital of cancer Cancer Institute of Ceará

AIM: To evaluate immunoexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (cOX-2) in primary gastric carcinomas and respective lymph node metastases. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry to analyze cOX-2 expression was performed on tissue microarray slices obtained from 36 specimens of gastrectomy and satellite lymph nodes from patients with gastric carcinoma. RESULTS: Immunostaining was seen in most cases, and cOX-2 expression was higher in lymph node me-tastases than in corresponding primary gastric tumors of intestinal, diffuse and mixed carcinomas, with a statistically signif icant difference in the diffuse histotype (P = 0.0108). cONcLUSION: cOX-2 immunoexpression occurs frequently in primary gastric carcinomas, but higher expression of this enzyme is observed in lymph node metastases of the diffuse histotype.

关键词： cyclooxygenase-2 Gastric carcinoma Im-munoexpression Lymph node metastases Tissue mi-croarray

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Tailoring microstructure and microhardness of Zn-1wt.%Mg-(0.5wt.%Mn, 0.5wt.%ca) alloys by solidification cooling rate

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of china 2021年第4期31卷 1031-1048页

作者： Talita A.VIDA cássio A.P.SILVA Thiago S.LIMA NoécHEUNG crystopher BRITO Amauri GARcIA Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering University of Campinas-UNICAMPCampinas 13083-860SPBrazil campus of São João da Boa Vista São Paulo State University-UNESPSão João da Boa Vista 13876-750SPBrazil

Biodegradable Zn-based alloys, particularly Zn-Mg alloys with the addition of alloying elements, have been intensively investigated aiming to improve both mechanical properties and corrosion behavior. Since such properties are strongly dependent on the alloy microstructure, any evaluation should commence on understanding the conditions influencing its formation. In this study, the effect of the solidification cooling rate on the microstructural evolution of Zn-1 wt.%Mg-(0.5 wt.%ca, 0.5 wt.%Mn) alloys during transient solidification was investigated. The results show that the microstructures of both alloys have three phases in common: η-Zn dendritic matrix, intermetallic compounds(IMcs) Zn11Mg2, and Zn2 Mg in the eutectic mixture. MnZn9 and two ca-bearing phases(caZn11 and caZn13) are associated with Mn and ca additions, respectively. These additions are shown to refine the dendritic matrix and the eutectic mixture as compared to the Zn-1 wt.%Mg alloy. A correlation between cooling rate, dendritic or eutectic spacings was developed, thus permitting experimental growth laws to be proposed. Additionally, hardness tests were performed to evaluate the effects of additions of ca and Mn. Experimental correlations between Vickers microhardness and secondary dendritic spacings were proposed, showing that the microstructural refinement and characteristic ca and Mn based IMcs induce an increase in hardness as compared to the binary alloy.

关键词： Zn-Mg-(ca Mn)alloys solidification cooling rate microstructure microhardness

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THERMODYNAMIc VARIATIONAL APPROAcH fOR cLIMB Of AN EDGE DISLOcATION

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2009年第5期22卷 426-435页

作者： A.c.f.cocks Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordParks RoadOxfordOX1 3PJUK

A general thermodynamic variational approach is applied to study the force on an edge dislocation, which drives the dislocation to climb. Our attention is focused on the physical mechanism responsible for dislocation climb. A dislocation in a material element climbs as a result of vacancies diffusing into or out from the dislocation core, with the dislocation acting as a source or a sink for vacancy diffusion in the material element. The basic governing equations for dislocation climb and the climb forces on the dislocation are obtained naturally as a result of the present thermodynamic variational approach.

关键词： dislocation climb driving forces variational principle

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