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Charting brain growth in tandem with brain templates at school age

Science Bulletin 2020年第22期65卷 1924-1934,M0004页

作者： Hao-Ming Dong f.xavier castellanos Ning Yang Zhe Zhang Quan Zhou Ye He Lei Zhang Ting Xu Avram J.Holmes B.T.Thomas Yeo feiyan Chen Bin Wang Christian Beckmann Tonya White Olaf Sporns Jiang Qiu Tingyong feng Antao Chen Xun Liu Xu Chen Xuchu Weng Michael P.Milham Xi-Nian Zuo Research Center for Lifespan Development of Brain and Mind Institute of PsychologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry New York University School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016USA Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research OrangeburgNew YorkNY 10962USA Department of Psychology University of CASBeijing 100049China Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Indiana UniversityBloomingtonIN 47405USA Child Mind Institute New YorkNY 10022USA Department of Psychology Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Clinical Imaging Research CentreN.1 Institute for Health and Memory Networks ProgramNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117574Singapore Department of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Binzhou Medical University Yantai 264100China Donders Institute Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegen 6525 ENNetherlands Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Erasmus UniversityRotterdam 3000 CBNetherlands Department of Radiology Erasmus University Medical CentreRotterdam 3000 CANetherlands School of Psychology Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China Institute of Children Health Changzhou Children’s HospitalChangzhou 213003China Key Laboratory of Brain and Education School of Education ScienceNanning Normal UniversityNanning 530001China CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science Institute of PsychologyBeijing 100101China IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Brain growth charts and age-normed brain templates are essential resources for researchers to eventually contribute to the care of individuals with atypical developmental *** present work generates age-normed brain templates for children and adolescents at one-year intervals and the corresponding growth charts to investigate the influences of age and ethnicity using a common pediatric neuroimaging *** accelerated longitudinal cohorts with the identical experimental design were implemented in the United States and *** magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)of typically developing school-age children(TDC)was obtained up to three times at nominal intervals of1.25 *** protocol generated and compared population-and age-specific brain templates and growth charts,respectively.A total of 674 Chinese pediatric MRI scans were obtained from 457 Chinese TDC and 190 American pediatric MRI scans were obtained from 133 American ***-and age-specific brain templates were used to quantify warp cost,the differences between individual brains and brain *** growth charts for labeled brain network areas were *** analyses of cost functions supported the necessity of age-specific and ethnicitymatched brain templates,which was confirmed by growth chart *** analyses revealed volumetric growth differences between the two ethnicities primarily in lateral frontal and parietal areas,regions which are most variable across individuals in regard to their structure and ***-and ethnicity-specific brain templates facilitate establishing unbiased pediatric brain growth charts,indicating the necessity of the brain charts and brain templates generated in *** templates and growth charts as well as related codes have been made freely available to the public for open neuroscience(https://***/zuoxinian/CCS/tree/master/H3/Growth Charts).

关键词： Growth charts Neuroimaging Ethnicity Brain templates Development

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Associations between testicular development and fetal size in the pig

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1340-1350页

作者： Claire Stenhouse Yennifer Cortes-Araya f.xavier Donadeu Cheryl J.Ashworth functional Genetics and Development Division The Roslin Institute and Royal(Dick)School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of EdinburghMidlothianUK Department of Animal Science Texas A&M University440 Kleberg CenterCollege StationTX 77843-2471USA

Background:Impaired reproductive performance is the largest contributing factor for the removal of boars from commercial *** growth restricted piglets represent 25%of the total number of piglets born and have impaired reproductive *** study aimed to improve the understanding of temporal changes in testicular gene expression during testes development in fetuses of different *** lightest and closest to mean litter weight(CTMLW)male Large White×Landrace littermates were collected at gestational days(GD)45,60 and 90(n=5-6 litters/GD).Results:Testes weight and testes weight as a percentage of fetal weight were not associated with fetal size at GD60 or *** plasma testosterone was not associated with fetal size at *** was no association between fetal size and seminiferous tubule area and number,number of germ or Sertoli cells per *** lightest fetuses tended to have wider seminiferous tubules compared to the CTMLW fetuses at GD90(P=0.077).The testicular expression of KI67(P≤0.01)and BAX:BCL2 ratio(P=0.058)mRNAs decreased as gestation *** SPP1 mRNA expression was observed at GD60 when compared with GD45 and 90(P≤0.05).Lower expression of DMRT1 and SPP1(Pfetuses compared to the CTMLW fetuses at ***:These findings provide novel insights into the expression profiles of genes associated with testicular development and ***,these data suggest that programming of reproductive potential in IUGR boars occurs late in gestation,providing a platform for further mechanistic investigation.

关键词： fetal growth Intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR) Porcine Pregnancy Testes

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Geometrical quasi-ballistic effects on thermal transport in nanostructured devices

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Nano Research 2021年第4期14卷 945-952页

作者： Sami Alajlouni Albert Beardo Lluc Sendra Amirkoushyar Ziabari Javier Bafaluy Juan Camacho Yi Xuan f.xavier Alvarez Ali Shakouri Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Department of electrical and computer engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Department of physics Universitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBellaterra 08193CataloniaSpain Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTennessee 37831USA R&D Staff Scientist ImagingSignals and Machine LearningTennessee 37831USA

We employ thermoreflectance thermal imaging to directly measure the steady-state two-dimensional(2D)temperature field generated by nanostructured heat sources deposited on silicon substrate with different geometrical configurations and characteristic sizes down to *** analysis of the results using fourier's law not only breaks down as size scales down,but it alsofails to capture the impact of the geometry of the heat *** substrate effective fourier thermal conductivities fitted to wire-shaped and circular-shaped structures with identical characteristic lengths are found to display up to 40%***,a hydrcxjynamic heat transport model reproduces the observed temperature fields for all device sizes and shapes using just intrinsic Si parameters,i.e.,a geometry and size-independent thermal conductivity and nonlocal length *** hydrodynamic model provides insight into the observed thermal response and of the contradictory fourier *** discuss the substantial Silicon hydrodynamic behavior at room temperature and contrast it to InGaAs,which shows less hydrodynamic effects due to dominant phonon-impurity scattering.

关键词： phonon hydrodynamics nanoscale heat transfer quasi-ballistic transport silicon

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Impact of time between meniscal injury and isolated meniscus repair on post-operative outcomes:A systematic review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第7期13卷 39-45页

作者： Kashif Javid xavier Akins Nicole G Lemaster Amer Ahmad Austin V Stone Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40504United States

BACKGROUND Meniscal tears are one of the most common knee *** the diagnosis of a meniscal tear has been made,there are several factors physicians use to guide clinical *** influence of time between injury and isolated meniscus repair on patient outcomes is not well *** this relationship is important as it may influence clinical decision-making and can add to the preoperative patient education *** hypothesized that increasing the time from injury to meniscus surgery would worsen postoperative *** To investigate the current literature for data on the relationship between time between meniscus injury and repair on patient *** PubMed,Academic Search Complete,MEDLINE,CINAHL,and SPORTDiscus were searched for studies published between January 1,1995 and July 13,2023 on isolated meniscus *** criteria included concomitant ligament surgery,incomplete outcomes or time to surgery data,and *** demographics,time to injury,and postoperative outcomes from each study were abstracted and *** five studies met all inclusion and exclusion *** were 204(121 male,83 female)patients *** of five(60%)studies determined that time between injury and surgery was not statistically significant for postoperative Lysholm scores(P=0.62),Tegner scores(P=0.46),failure rate(P=0.45,P=0.86),and International Knee Documentation Committee scores(P=0.65).Two of five(40%)studies found a statistically significant increase in Lysholm scores with shorter time to surgery(P=0.03)and a statistically significant association between progression of medial meniscus extrusion ratio(P=0.01)and increasing time to *** Our results do not support the hypothesis that increased time from injury to isolated meniscus surgery worsens postoperative ***-making primarily based on injury interval is thus not recommended.

关键词： Meniscus Meniscal Meniscus repair Meniscectomy Patient reported outcomes Postoperative outcomes Time to surgery Injury interval

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Back to the future:Some similarities and many differences between autism spectrum disorder and early onset *** to pathophysiology?

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Science Bulletin 2024年第16期69卷 2476-2477页

作者： francisco xavier castellanos New York University Grossman School of Medicine New York NY 10016USA Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research Orangeburg NY 10962USA

In the first issue of the recently launched journal,Medicine Plus,Lu et al.[1]report on a remarkable effort encompassing nearly 600 young participants examined at five centers in *** focus was on the first episode early-onset schizophrenia(EOS;onset before age 18 years)and autism spectrum disorder(ASD),contrasted to each other and healthy controls(HC).Historically,autism was initially considered a form of infantile schizophrenia,although it was differentiated from early-onset schizophrenia as early as 1955 by Eisenberg and Kanner[2].

关键词： schizophrenia al. spectrum

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Male Circumcision and Penile HPV:an Updated Meta-analysis

Male Circumcision and Penile HPV:an Updated Meta-analysis

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24th International Papillomavirus Conference and Clinical Workshop

作者： xavier Castellsague Ginesa Albero Ramon Cleries Carrie Nielson Anna Giuliano f.xavier Bosch Institut Catalad’ Oncologia（ICO）Barcelona Spain Oregon Health ＆ Science University Portland Oregon Health ＆ Science University Portland Oregon Health ＆ Science University Portland H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Tampa Florida Institut Catalad’ Oncologia（ICO）Barcelona Spain

＜正＞The relationship between male circumcision（MC）and penile HPV infection and related lesions is controversial.A 2006 meta- analysis reporting lack of association between MC and penile HPV raised concerns about its statistical accuracy,and a re- analysis of the same published data that took into account the adjusted ORs reported in each study,found instead a consistent and statistically significant inverse association between MC and penile HPV and HPV related lesions.

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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl LászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James ferguson Nicole Swiadek xavier Monforte Johannes C.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller David Hercher Department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). However, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

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Influence of surface modified mixed metal oxide nanoparticles on the electrochemical and mechanical properties of polyurethane matrix

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frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023年第1期17卷 1-14页

作者： Joseph Raj xavier Department of Chemistry Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai-602105India

Newly synthesized functional nanoparticles,3-amino-1,2,4-triazole(ATA)/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)were introduced to the polyurethane(PU)*** techniques were used to investigate the barrier properties of the synthesized PU—ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)nanocomposite coated steel *** natural seawater,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy experiments indicated outstanding protective behaviour for the PU—ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)coated *** coating resistance(Rcoat)of PU—ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)was determined to be 2956.90 kΩ·cm^(−2).The Rcoat of the PU—ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)nanocomposite coating was found to be over 50%higher than the PU *** current measured along the scratched surface of the PU—ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)coating was found to be very low(1.65 nA).The enhanced ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)nanoparticles inhibited the entry of electrolytes into the coating interface,as revealed by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis of the degradation *** contact angle testing validated the hydrophobic nature of the PU—ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)coating(θ=115.4°).When the concentration of ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)nanoparticles was 2 wt%,dynamic mechanical analysis revealed better mechanical ***,the newly synthesised PU—ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)nanocomposite provided excellent barrier and mechanical properties due to the addition of ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)nanoparticles to the polyurethane,which inhibited material degradation and aided in the prolongation of the coated steel’s life.

关键词： SiO_(2)/TiO_(2)nanoparticle nanocomposite coatings dynamic mechanical analysis electrochemical techniques corrosion colloids and interfaces

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Determining indoor air quality and identifying the origin of odour episodes in indoor environments

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第3期21卷 333-339页

作者： Eva Gallego xavier Roca Jose francisco Perales xavier Guardino Environmental Centre Laboratory Polytechnic University of Catalonia (LCMA-UPC) Avda Diagonal 647 E 08028 Barcelona Spain National Centre of Work Conditions (INSHT) Dulcet 2-10 E 08034 Barcelona Spain

A methodology for identifying volatile organic compounds （VOCs） and determining air quality of indoor air has been developed. The air samples are collected using pump samplers by the inhabitants when they perceive odorous and/or discomfort episodes. Glass multi-sorbent tubes are connected to the pump samplers for the retention of VOC. The analysis is performed by automatic thermal desorption （ATD） coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC/MS）. This methodology can be applied in cases of sick building syndrome （SBS） evaluation, in which building occupants experience a series of varied symptoms that appear to be linked to time spent in the building. Chemical pollutants concentrations （e.g., VOC） have been described to contribute to SBS. To exemplify the methodology, a qualitative determination and an evaluation of existing VOC were performed in a dwelling where the occupants experienced the SBS symptoms. Higher total VOC （TVOC） levels were detected during episodes in indoor air （1.33 ±1.53 mg/m^3） compared to outdoor air （0.71± 0.46 mg/m^3）. The concentrations of individual VOCs, such as ethanol, acetone, isopropanol, 1-butanol, acetic acid, acetonitrile and 1-methoxy-2-propanol, were also higher than the expected for a standard dwelling. The external source of VOC was found to be an undeclared activity of storage and manipulation of solvents located at the bottom of a contiguous building.

关键词： indoor air thermal desorption TVOC VOC sick building syndrome

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Isoperimetric,Sobolev,and Eigenvalue Inequalities via the Alexandroff-Bakelman-Pucci Method:A Survey

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2017年第1期38卷 201-214页

作者： xavier CABRe Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya Departament de MatemktiquesDiagonal 64708028 BarcelonaSpain ICREA Pg.Lluis Companys 2308010 BarcelonaSpain.

This paper presents the proof of several inequalities by using the technique introduced by Alexandroff, Bakelman, and Pucci to establish their ABP estimate. first,the author gives a new and simple proof of a lower bound of Berestycki, Nirenberg, and Varadhan concerning the principal eigenvalue of an elliptic operator with bounded measurable coefficients. The rest of the paper is a survey on the proofs of several isoperimetric and Sobolev inequalities using the ABP technique. This includes new proofs of the classical isoperimetric inequality, the Wulff isoperimetric inequality, and the Lions-Pacella isoperimetric inequality in convex cones. for this last inequality, the new proof was recently found by the author, xavier Ros-Oton, and Joaquim Serra in a work where new Sobolev inequalities with weights came up by studying an open question raised by Haim Brezis.

关键词： Isoperimetric inequalities Principal eigenvalue Wulff shapes ABP estimate

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